【狂雲歌之unity_vr】unity專案持續整合dailybuild以及多平臺打包管理

前言

 持續整合的意義就不多說了。unity通常打包一般就直接build&run，但是在實際專案中，往往直接在伺服器build包，所以命令列打包必不可少，這裡一方面分享unity打包做持續整合，一方面分享使用unity管理多平臺打包，例如一個vrapp需要支援gear版本，支援小米版本，支援cardboard版本等等~懂的人就知道這裡具有一定的管理維護成本。

 我們做vr相關的app，需要支援gear、cardboard、小米、vivo、大朋、暴風、Idealens、pico、nibiru、酷開等一大堆平臺，曾經還有lg和htcvive、oculus平臺，未來還會有更多的平臺，所以關於unity專案的多平臺管理是很重要的，在這方面我們也在探索，積累了一點經驗。這裡介紹的主要是基於unity中c#寫的打包和多平臺管理，如果將其中一部分功能使用python和其他配置檔案來實現也是可以的，只是用c#直接做會方便許多。

jenkins

https://jenkins.io/index.html

 jenkins不用多說，懂的人都瞭解是幹什麼的，來源於hudson，可以比較容易的搭起一個持續整合伺服器，支援svn和git等版本管理。支援bash，所以可以用bash、python等大部分指令碼來寫打包指令碼和前後的處理。

unity命令列打包

 unity如何進行命令列打包呢，其實unity是支援以命令列方式啟動的，但是需要關閉editor支援執行命令，如下：

${unity可執行檔案路徑} -projectPath ${專案路徑} -executeMethod CloudBuild.PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease -batchmode -quit -logFile ${放log的路徑} -ForceExitEditor

 整體比較容易理解，其中CloudBuild.PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease是一個類的靜態方法，然後在這個方法中寫打包相關邏輯即可。

csharp EditorUserBuildSettings.SwitchActiveBuildTarget(BuildTarget.Android); string[] scenes = { "Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", "Assets/Scenes/Main.unity" }; BuildPipeline.BuildPlayer(scenes, buildpath, BuildTarget.Android, BuildOptions.None);

 核心邏輯就這麼多，就會開始打一個android包並且生成到buildpath下面

多平臺打包管理

準備工作

 對unity外掛不熟悉的可以看下 開發unity外掛——一次搞定unity編輯器常用功能

 我這裡準備了一個全域性的配置檔案，當然這個可以使用外部配置檔案來管理配置，是一個道理的。這裡定義了兩個平臺版本一個是alpha一個是beta，使用巨集來區分不同平臺的版本號。

```csharp using UnityEngine; using System.Collections;

public class GlobalConfig {

if CLOUD_ALPHA

public const int ClientVersionCode = 1;
public const string ClientVersion = "1.0";

elif CLOUD_BETA

public const int ClientVersionCode = 2;
public const string ClientVersion = "1.1";

endif

} ```

 檔案目錄組織大概如下，其中CloudBuild是編輯器工具，包含選單項和打包功能，兩個平臺分別依賴不同的so檔案和manifest檔案。

 製作了一個menu，主要包含的功能是可以在alpha和beta平臺之間切換，可以打alpha平臺的apk包，當然想打beta平臺的包只需要簡單修改。

manifest管理

 寫個簡單的指令碼進行manifest替換就好，對於alpha平臺和beta平臺各有自己的manifest檔案，在切換平臺的時候將對應的manifest複製替換。

/// <summary> /// 使用相應的androidmanifest /// </summary> static void UseAndroidManifest(string filename) { string src_filename = string.Format("AndroidManifest-{0}.xml", filename); string dst_filename = "AndroidManifest.xml"; string path = Application.dataPath + "/Plugins/Android/"; File.Copy(path + src_filename, path + dst_filename, true); AssetDatabase.Refresh();//因為修改了manifest檔案，所以重新整理unity的assets }

依賴包管理

 為什麼要做依賴包管理呢？因為在使用不同平臺sdk的時候，可能會引入很多sdk，每個sdk裡包含自己的so、jar、aar包等，如果什麼都不管理，直接打包的話，那麼這些依賴的檔案都會打進所有的apk包，簡單來說就會增加包的體積，更嚴重的情況下，這些不同平臺sdk裡的依賴庫可能還會有衝突，如果打進同一個apk包，後果不堪設想~

 做依賴包管理主要依賴unity自己的assetimport管理如下圖，那麼只要在需要的時候勾選不需要的時候取消勾選就好了，我們要做的就是用程式碼來自動實現這個功能。

 先準備好各個平臺的依賴包路徑

``` static string[] Plugins_Alpha = new string[] { "Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/alpha.so", };

static string[] Plugins_Beta = new string[] { "Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/beta.so", }; ```

 然後在切換不同平臺的時候對這些依賴包的import做處理，這塊Asset屬於plugin，所以使用pluginimporter來管理勾選的問題。

``` static void ChangePluginToAlpha() { SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, true); SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, false); }

static void ChangePluginToBeta() { SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, false); SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, true); }

static void SetEnablePluginImport(string[] plugins, bool enable = true) { foreach(var path in plugins) { PluginImporter vrlib = AssetImporter.GetAtPath(path) as PluginImporter; vrlib.SetCompatibleWithPlatform(BuildTarget.Android, enable); } } ```

 非常簡單一看就可以懂，然後試一下就明白了。

平臺切換

 平臺切換功能主要是在editor裡除錯各個平臺功能的時候使用的選單項，功能也很簡單，就做了下面幾件事情 - 切平臺和巨集定義 - 切playersetting引數 - 切buildscene配置 - 切manifest和依賴包 - 儲存及開啟對應平臺的場景（如果場景不是複用的）

 程式碼示例如下，因為我們做vr相關的app，所以在gear平臺時vrsupport為true，其他平臺時為false，如果不同平臺的scene不一樣，那麼在最後問使用者是否儲存當前場景，然後開啟對應平臺的場景。

/// <summary> /// 切換alpha平臺 /// </summary> [UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/SwitchToAlpha", priority = 50)] static void SwitchToAlpha() { PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA); PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.iOS, DEFINES_ALPHA); PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true; EditorBuildSettings.scenes = new EditorBuildSettingsScene[] { new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", true), new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity", true) };//場景 UseAndroidManifest("Alpha"); ChangePluginToAlpha(); EditorSceneManager.SaveCurrentModifiedScenesIfUserWantsTo(); EditorSceneManager.OpenScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity"); }

打包

 那麼最後打包指令碼如下，粗看資訊量可能比較大，實際只做了幾件事情 - 準備好要打包的scene - 將當前editor的狀態儲存一下，以便打完包恢復，這是為了開發使用方便而已，否則在開發機上打個包就發現editor的很多屬性變了有時很尷尬 - 處理android的簽名問題 - 打包 - 最後如果是windows，一般是開發機，直接開啟build好的apk所在資料夾，方便使用

``` /// /// [UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/CloudAlpha-Release")] static void PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease() { EditorUserBuildSettings.SwitchActiveBuildTarget(BuildTarget.Android); string[] scenes = { "Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", "Assets/Scenes/Main.unity" }; string path = GetBuildPathAndroid(); if (scenes == null || scenes.Length == 0 || path == null) { Debug.LogError("error scene is null"); return; } string tempid = PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier; string name = PlayerSettings.productName; bool virtualRealitySupported = PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported; PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true; PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = "net.itsong.vralpha"; PlayerSettings.productName = PRODUCT_NAME; PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = ""; PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = ""; PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = ""; PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = ""; PlayerSettings.Android.bundleVersionCode = GlobalConfig.ClientVersionCode; PlayerSettings.bundleVersion = GlobalConfig.ClientVersion; string defines = PlayerSettings.GetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android); UseAndroidManifest("Alpha"); ChangePluginToAlpha(); PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA + DEFINES_RELEASE); string buildpath = path + string.Format("cloudvr_alpha_release_{0}.apk", DateTime.Now.ToString("MMddHHmm", DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo)); BuildPipeline.BuildPlayer(scenes, buildpath, BuildTarget.Android, BuildOptions.None); PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = virtualRealitySupported; PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, defines); PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = tempid; PlayerSettings.productName = name; PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = ""; PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = ""; PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = ""; PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = ""; string dir = path.Replace('/', '\');

if UNITY_EDITOR_WIN

System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("explorer.exe", "\"" + dir + "\"");

endif

} ```

 完整的CloudBuild檔案如下：

``` using UnityEngine; using UnityEditor; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System; using System.Globalization; using UnityEditor.SceneManagement; /// /// partial class CloudBuild { const string PRODUCT_NAME = "狂雲歌VR"; const string DEFINES_ALPHA = "CROSS_PLATFORM_INPUT;MOBILE_INPUT;CLOUD_ALPHA;"; const string DEFINES_BETA = "CROSS_PLATFORM_INPUT;MOBILE_INPUT;CLOUD_BETA;"; const string DEFINES_RELEASE = "CLOUD_RELEASE";

static string[] Plugins_Alpha = new string[] {
    "Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/alpha.so",
};

static string[] Plugins_Beta = new string[] {
    "Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/beta.so",
};

// Build the Android APK and place into main project folder
static string GetBuildPathAndroid()
{
    string dirPath = Application.dataPath + "/../build/android/";
    if (!System.IO.Directory.Exists(dirPath))
    {
        System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(dirPath);
    }
    return dirPath;
}

/// <summary>
/// </summary>
[UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/CloudAlpha-Release")]
static void PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease()
{
    EditorUserBuildSettings.SwitchActiveBuildTarget(BuildTarget.Android);
    string[] scenes = { "Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", "Assets/Scenes/Main.unity" };
    string path = GetBuildPathAndroid();
    if (scenes == null || scenes.Length == 0 || path == null)
    {
        Debug.LogError("error scene is null");
        return;
    }
    string tempid = PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier;
    string name = PlayerSettings.productName;
    bool virtualRealitySupported = PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported;
    PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;
    PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = "net.itsong.vralpha";
    PlayerSettings.productName = PRODUCT_NAME;
    PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";
    PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";
    PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";
    PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";
    PlayerSettings.Android.bundleVersionCode = GlobalConfig.ClientVersionCode;
    PlayerSettings.bundleVersion = GlobalConfig.ClientVersion;
    string defines = PlayerSettings.GetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android);
    UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");
    ChangePluginToAlpha();
    PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA + DEFINES_RELEASE);
    string buildpath = path + string.Format("cloudvr_alpha_release_{0}.apk", DateTime.Now.ToString("MMddHHmm", DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo));
    BuildPipeline.BuildPlayer(scenes, buildpath, BuildTarget.Android, BuildOptions.None);
    PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = virtualRealitySupported;
    PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, defines);
    PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = tempid;
    PlayerSettings.productName = name;
    PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";
    PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";
    PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";
    PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";
    string dir = path.Replace('/', '\\');

if UNITY_EDITOR_WIN

    System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("explorer.exe", "\"" + dir + "\"");

endif

}

/// <summary>
/// 切換alpha平臺
/// </summary>
[UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/SwitchToAlpha", priority = 50)]
static void SwitchToAlpha()
{
    PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA);
    PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.iOS, DEFINES_ALPHA);
    PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;
    EditorBuildSettings.scenes = new EditorBuildSettingsScene[] {
        new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", true),
        new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity", true)
    };//場景
    UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");
    ChangePluginToAlpha();
    EditorSceneManager.SaveCurrentModifiedScenesIfUserWantsTo();
    EditorSceneManager.OpenScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity");
}

/// <summary>
/// 切換beta平臺
/// </summary>
[UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/SwitchToBeta", priority = 50)]
static void SwitchToBeta()
{
    PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_BETA);
    PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.iOS, DEFINES_BETA);
    PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;
    EditorBuildSettings.scenes = new EditorBuildSettingsScene[] {
        new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", true),
        new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity", true)
    };//場景
    UseAndroidManifest("Beta");
    ChangePluginToBeta();
    EditorSceneManager.SaveCurrentModifiedScenesIfUserWantsTo();
    EditorSceneManager.OpenScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity");
}

/// <summary>
///  使用相應的androidmanifest
/// </summary>
static void UseAndroidManifest(string filename)
{
    string src_filename = string.Format("AndroidManifest-{0}.xml", filename);
    string dst_filename = "AndroidManifest.xml";
    string path = Application.dataPath + "/Plugins/Android/";
    File.Copy(path + src_filename, path + dst_filename, true);

    PlayerSettings.Android.bundleVersionCode = GlobalConfig.ClientVersionCode;
    PlayerSettings.bundleVersion = GlobalConfig.ClientVersion;
    AssetDatabase.Refresh();
}

static void ChangePluginToAlpha()
{
    SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, true);
    SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, false);
}

static void ChangePluginToBeta()
{
    SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, false);
    SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, true);
}

static void SetEnablePluginImport(string[] plugins, bool enable = true)
{
    foreach(var path in plugins)
    {
        PluginImporter vrlib = AssetImporter.GetAtPath(path) as PluginImporter;
        vrlib.SetCompatibleWithPlatform(BuildTarget.Android, enable);
    }
}

}

```

後續

 這裡沒寫build ios ipa包的過程，ios的build過程會稍微長一些，要先build好xcode project然後再通過xcode的命令列去打包，所以前半部分與android是可以複用的，只要稍加修改就可以支援ios的build。另外我們現在做vr相關的app，大部分都是android版本，所以apk的管理比較實用。

VR開發或者unity相關交流可以郵件madcloudsong@qq.com 轉載請註明原文連結 http://blog.csdn.net/madcloudsong/article/details/54603548