[Project Euler] 來做尤拉專案練習題吧: 題目007

weixin_34304013發表於2011-01-22

                                        [Project Euler] 來做尤拉專案練習題吧: 題目007

                                                        周銀輝

 

問題描述:

By listing the first six prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 13, we can see that the 6th prime is 13.

What is the 10001st prime number?

 

問題分析:

如果要大量求素數的話,比較快速的方法是“篩法(sieve)”。其速度很快,但其需要知道上限,這個題目沒有給,猜吧,我猜110000(實際上,110000下面有10453個素數)。

篩法求素數可以如下描述(抄自維基百科):

Eratosthenes' method:

  1. Create a list of consecutive integers from two to n: (2, 3, 4, ..., n).
  2. Initially, let p equal 2, the first prime number.
  3. Strike from the list all multiples of p less than or equal to n. (2p, 3p, 4p, etc.)
  4. Find the first number remaining on the list after p (this number is the next prime); replace p with this number.
  5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 until p2 is greater than n.
  6. All the remaining numbers in the list are prime.

參考程式碼:

 

#define SZ 110000

char buffer[SZ];

void iniBuffer()
{
  buffer[0] = buffer[1] = 'F';

  int p = sqrt(SZ);
  int i, j;
 

  for(i=2; i<=p; i++)
  {
    if(buffer[i]!='F')
    {
      for(j=2; j*i<SZ; j++)
      {
        buffer[j*i]='F';//標記其不是素數
      }
    }
  }
}

在buffer中沒有被標記為'F'的元素所對應的陣列下標都是素數。這樣建立素數表將會是後面很多題目的基礎。

 

 

 

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