新增磁碟並掛載磁碟

當磁碟空間不足的情況下，需要向系統中另外新增一塊磁碟，補充空間不足，
避免資料庫收檔案系統空間不足而不能正常運作。以下是新增新磁碟的過程：

在虛擬機器新增一塊10G的磁碟之後，重啟虛擬機器：

---檢視磁碟的情況：

[root@su ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux

/dev/sda2              14         535     4192965   82  Linux swap / Solaris

/dev/sda3             536        2610    16667437+  83  Linux

 #目前只有一塊磁碟分3個分割槽。

Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

 

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

[root@su ~]#

 

---對新的磁碟進行分割槽：

[root@su ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

content won't be recoverable.

 

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 1305.

There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

and could in certain setups cause problems with:

1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

 

Command (m for help): n

Command action

   e   extended

   p   primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-1305, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-1305, default 1305): 326

 

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

#分了第一塊出來：

 

--繼續分第二塊：

[root@su ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

 

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 1305.

There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

and could in certain setups cause problems with:

1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

 

Command (m for help): n

Command action

   e   extended

   p   primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 2

First cylinder (327-1305, default 327):

Using default value 327

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (327-1305, default 1305):

Using default value 1305

 

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

 

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

 

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.

The kernel still uses the old table.

The new table will be used at the next reboot.

Syncing disks.

[root@su ~]#

 

--檢視第二塊磁碟的分割槽情況：

[root@su ~]# fdisk -l

 

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux

/dev/sda2              14         535     4192965   82  Linux swap / Solaris

/dev/sda3             536        2610    16667437+  83  Linux

 

Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1               1         326     2618563+  83  Linux

/dev/sdb2             327        1305     7863817+  83  Linux

[root@su ~]#

 #現在有兩塊磁碟，第一塊磁碟3個分割槽，第二塊磁碟2個分割槽。

 

--- 格式化已分割槽的磁碟：

[root@su ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1

mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

327680 inodes, 654640 blocks

32732 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=671088640

20 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

16384 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

 

Writing inode tables: done                            

Creating journal (16384 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

 

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 20 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@su ~]#

 #格式化完成。

---掛載檔案系統：

--把第一分割槽掛載到/data的目錄下：
--建立一個目錄data：

 [root@su ~]#  mkdir /data

[root@su ~]#  ls -l / |grep data

drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Nov  8 20:33 data

[root@su ~]#  mount /dev/sdb1 /data

[root@su ~]#

 

[root@su ~]# cd /data/

[root@su data]# ls

lost+found

[root@su data]# 

#進入到目錄檢視，其中顯示lost+found，則手動掛載成功。

--可設定自動掛載：

----設定磁碟自動掛載：

[root@su ~]# vi /etc/fstab

LABEL=/                 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

LABEL=/boot             /boot                   ext3    defaults        1 2

tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

LABEL=SWAP-sda2         swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

/dev/sdb1               /data                   ext3    defaults        0 0

~

#儲存就自動掛載成功。