Ubuntu Server 24.04 LTS 安裝 Docker 與 Docker Compose

夏秋初發表於2024-09-01
UbuntuServerDocker

參考

  • https://www.sysgeek.cn/install-docker-ubuntu/ (主要參考)
  • https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu/ (清華映象站)
  • https://blog.csdn.net/dragonstrong/article/details/118915771 (ubuntu 設定代理，需要梯子開啟區域網訪問，並指定埠號)
  • https://blog.csdn.net/sxzlc/article/details/105922314 (telnet 驗證主機埠是否正常訪問)
  • https://blog.csdn.net/Fengdf666/article/details/140218342 (解決docker官方無法正常訪問，切換docker下載為阿里源)
  • https://juejin.cn/post/7135739035158315022
  • https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45558497/article/details/123970473 (設定 docker 開機自啟)

環境

軟體/系統 版本 說明
VMware Workstation 16 Pro 16.2.4 build-20089737
Ubuntu Server Ubuntu Server 24.04 LTS
net-tools 2.10-0.1ubuntu4 軟體包 (檢視虛擬機器ip使用)
nano 7.2-2build1 軟體包(編輯器)
apt-transport-https 2.7.14build2 軟體包
curl 8.5.0-2ubuntu10.3 軟體包
docker-ce 5:27.2.0-1 軟體包
docker-ce-cli 5:27.2.0-1 軟體包
containerd.io 1.7.21-1 軟體包
docker-compose-plugin 2.29.2-1 軟體包

正文

  1. 設定軟體源為國內源(此處使用清華源)

    # 備份源
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources  /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources.back
# 編輯源
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources

    將下面的內容填充到 ubuntu.sources

    Types: deb
URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu
Suites: noble noble-updates noble-backports
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

# 預設註釋了原始碼映象以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消註釋
# Types: deb-src
# URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu
# Suites: noble noble-updates noble-backports
# Components: main restricted universe multiverse
# Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

# 以下安全更新軟體源包含了官方源與映象站配置，如有需要可自行修改註釋切換
Types: deb
URIs: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
Suites: noble-security
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

# Types: deb-src
# URIs: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
# Suites: noble-security
# Components: main restricted universe multiverse
# Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

# 預釋出軟體源，不建議啟用

# Types: deb
# URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu
# Suites: noble-proposed
# Components: main restricted universe multiverse
# Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

# # Types: deb-src
# # URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu
# # Suites: noble-proposed
# # Components: main restricted universe multiverse
# # Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

  2. 更新軟體包並安裝必要軟體

    由於備份了 ubuntu.sources 為 ubuntu.sources.back 所以後續執行 apt 相關命令時會提示N: Ignoring file 'ubuntu.sources.back' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension，忽視即可。

    sudo apt update
sudo apt install apt-transport-https curl

  3. 匯入阿里雲官方 GPG 金鑰

    curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

  4. 新增阿里雲源

    echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu  $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

  5. 更新源

    sudo apt update

  6. 安裝

    sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin -y

  7. 檢查執行狀態

    ubuntu@ubuntu:~$  sudo systemctl is-active docker

    顯示如下為正常

    active

  8. 設定 docker 開機啟動

    systemctl enable docker.service

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