引子: 爛尾就爛尾吧，大不了以後自己創業。唉，也算給自己一個警戒。
E-R模型
介面設計
資料模型設計
基本模型放在models.py中
class School(models.Model):
id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='學校名稱')
# 學校校區
class SchoolRegion(models.Model):
id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='校區名稱')
school = models.ForeignKey(School, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='regions', verbose_name='所屬學校')
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.school.name} {self.name}"
# 使用者
class CustomUser(models.Model):
wechat_openid = models.CharField(max_length=255, unique=True, verbose_name='微信OpenID', null=True, blank=True)
id = models.BigAutoField(primary_key=True, editable=False)
phone = models.CharField(max_length=11, unique=True, verbose_name='手機號')
gender = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=(('male', '男'), ('female', '女'),('unknow','未知')), verbose_name='性別')
avatar = models.URLField(verbose_name='頭像URL')
nickname = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='暱稱')
signature = models.CharField(null=True, blank=True, max_length=200, verbose_name='個性簽名')
email = models.EmailField(null=True, blank=True, unique=True, verbose_name='郵箱')
birthday = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='生日')
height = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='身高')
background_image = models.URLField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='背景圖URL')
hometown = models.CharField(null=True, blank=True, max_length=50, verbose_name='家鄉')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='建立時間')
updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, verbose_name='更新時間')
is_verified = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否透過認證')
is_frozen = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否凍結')
school = models.ForeignKey('School', on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='students', verbose_name='所在學校', null=True, blank=True)
region = models.ForeignKey('SchoolRegion', on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='students', verbose_name='所在校區', null=True, blank=True)
like_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='點贊數')
fan_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='粉絲數') # 使用者被關注
follow_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='關注數') # 使用者關注數
def __str__(self):
return self.nickname
# 圈子
class Circle(models.Model):
id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='圈子名稱')
description = models.TextField(verbose_name='圈子描述')
avatar = models.URLField(verbose_name='圈子頭像URL')
notice = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='圈子公告')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='建立時間')
is_verified = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否透過認證')
is_frozen = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否凍結')
creator = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='circles', verbose_name='建立者')
school = models.ForeignKey(School, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='circles', verbose_name='所屬學校')
like_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='點贊數')
collect_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='收藏數')
fan_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='粉絲數')
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.name} (建立者：{self.creator.nickname})"
# 帖子
class Post(models.Model):
id = models.BigAutoField(primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name='標題')
content = models.TextField(verbose_name='內容')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='建立時間')
is_frozen = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否凍結')
circle = models.ForeignKey(Circle, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='posts', verbose_name='所屬圈子')
author = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='posts', verbose_name='作者')
like_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='點贊數')
collect_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='收藏數')
comment_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='評論數')
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.author.nickname}釋出的{self.title}"
# 評論
class Comment(models.Model):
id = models.BigAutoField(primary_key=True)
content = models.TextField(verbose_name='評論內容')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='建立時間')
post = models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='comments', verbose_name='所屬帖子')
reply_to = models.ForeignKey('self', on_delete=models.SET_NULL, related_name='replies', verbose_name='回覆目標', null=True, blank=True)
author = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='comments', verbose_name='作者')
like_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='點贊數')
reply_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='回覆數')
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.author.nickname}的{self.content}"
def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
# 當刪除一個評論時，將指向它的所有回覆評論的reply_to欄位設定為NULL
if self.reply_to:
self.reply_to.replies.update(reply_to=None)
super().delete(*args, **kwargs)
# 通知
class Notification(models.Model):
id = models.BigAutoField(primary_key=True)
sender = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='sent_notifications', verbose_name='事件傳送者')
receiver = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='notifications', verbose_name='接收使用者')
content = models.TextField(verbose_name='通知內容', null=True, blank=True)
status = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='狀態') # True 表示已讀，False 表示未讀
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='建立時間')
# 上傳的圖片
class Image(models.Model):
id = models.BigAutoField(primary_key=True)
image = models.CharField(max_length=255, verbose_name='圖片url')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='建立時間')
uploader = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='images', verbose_name='上傳者')
關係模型另外放在relations.py
"""帖子圖片"""
class PostImage(models.Model):
post = models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='post_images')
image = models.ForeignKey(Image, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='post_images')
# 額外排序欄位
order = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)
class Meta:
# 確保圖片的順序是按照升序排列的
ordering = ['order']
# 確保不會有重複的帖子-圖片對
unique_together = ('post', 'image')
"""使用者舉報（帖子、圈子、評論、使用者）"""
class Report(models.Model):
id = models.BigAutoField(primary_key=True)
report_type = models.CharField(max_length=50, choices=[('post', '帖子'), ('circle', '圈子'), ('comment', '評論'), ('user', '使用者')], verbose_name='舉報型別')
reason = models.TextField(verbose_name='舉報理由', null=True, blank=True)
status = models.CharField(max_length=50, choices=[('pending', '待處理'), ('approved', '已批准'), ('rejected', '已拒絕')], default='pending', verbose_name='舉報狀態')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='建立時間')
reporter = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='reports', verbose_name='舉報者')
reported_object = models.ForeignKey(Post if report_type == 'post' else Circle if report_type == 'circle' else Comment if report_type == 'comment' else CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='reporters', verbose_name='被舉報物件')
def __str__(self):
if self.report_type == 'post':
return f"{self.reporter.nickname}:id({self.reporter.id})舉報了帖子{self.reported_object.title}:id({self.reported_object.id})"
elif self.report_type == 'circle':
return f"{self.reporter.nickname}:id({self.reporter.id})舉報了{self.reported_object.name}:id({self.reported_object.id})"
elif self.report_type == 'comment':
return f"{self.reporter.nickname}:id({self.reporter.id})舉報了{self.reported_object.content}:id({self.reported_object.id})"
elif self.report_type == 'user':
return f"{self.reporter.nickname}:id({self.reporter.id})舉報了使用者{self.reported_object.nickname}:id({self.reported_object.id})"
"""使用者點贊（帖子、評論、圈子、使用者）"""
class UserLikePost(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='liked_posts')
post = models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='likers')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='點贊時間')
class Meta:
unique_together = ('user', 'post')
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.user.nickname} 點讚了 {self.post.title}"
class UserLikeComment(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='liked_comments')
comment = models.ForeignKey(Comment, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='likers')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='點贊時間')
class Meta:
unique_together = ('user', 'comment')
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.user.nickname} 點讚了 {self.comment.content}"
class UserLikeCircle(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='liked_circles')
circle = models.ForeignKey(Circle, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='likers')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='點贊時間')
class Meta:
unique_together = ('user', 'circle')
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.user.nickname} 點讚了 {self.circle.name}"
class UserLikeUser(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='liked_users')
liked_user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='likers')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='點贊時間')
class Meta:
unique_together = ('user', 'liked_user')
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.user.nickname} 點讚了 {self.liked_user.nickname}"
"""使用者收藏（帖子、圈子、評論）"""
class UserCollectPost(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='collected_posts')
post = models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='collecters')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='收藏時間')
class Meta:
unique_together = ('user', 'post')
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.user.nickname} 收藏了 {self.post.title}"
class UserCollectCircle(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='collected_circles')
circle = models.ForeignKey(Circle, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='collecters')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='收藏時間')
class Meta:
unique_together = ('user', 'circle')
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.user.nickname} 收藏了 {self.circle.name}"
class UserCollectComment(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='collected_comments')
comment = models.ForeignKey(Comment, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='collecters')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='收藏時間')
class Meta:
unique_together = ('user', 'comment')
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.user.nickname} 收藏了 {self.comment.content}"
"""使用者關注（使用者、圈子）"""
class UserFollowUser(models.Model):
follower = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='following_users')
following = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='followers')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='關注時間')
class Meta:
unique_together = ('follower', 'following') # 確保關注關係是唯一的，防止重複關注
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.follower.nickname} 關注 {self.following.nickname}"
class UserFollowCircle(models.Model):
follower = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='following_circles')
following = models.ForeignKey(Circle, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='followers')
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='關注時間')
class Meta:
unique_together = ('follower', 'following')
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.follower.nickname} 關注 {self.following.name}"
前端響應模型設計
對前端響應模型進行封裝，resfront.py
異常處理配置中介軟體
CMarket/app/middleware.py
CMarket/cmarket/settings.py
