.Net的資原始檔
VS.Net 支援三種檔案型別的resource：.txt、.resx、.resources。
system.resources 名字空間支援三種資原始檔：
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- txt 檔案，只能有字串資源。因為不能被嵌入到 assembly 中，所以非常容易暴露，被客戶修改。最大缺點是僅支援字串資源，所以不推薦使用。
- .resx 檔案，由 xml 組成，能加入所有資源，包括二進位制。同樣不能被嵌入到 assembly 中。在 system.resources 名字空間中有專用讀寫的類。vs.net 建立這種檔案然後將其轉成 .resources 檔案並根據設定將其嵌入到 assembly 中。
- .resources 檔案，pe 格式，能加入所有資源。唯一能被嵌入到 assembly 的檔案，在 system.resources 名字空間中有專用讀寫的類。
- 把resx檔案通過vs加入到.net工程中後，編譯完成時，它會被轉化為resources檔案並embed到assembly中。
- System.resources.resourceManager負責讀取.net assembly中嵌入的resources檔案中的資源資訊。
- 三種檔案型別，必須要轉為resources檔案，才能被resourcemanager讀取（顯然的）。ResGen.exe主要完成此項工作。
- C++/CLI, vb.net, c#，大家都可以用resx檔案是自然的。只不過在Vs裡新增resx檔案時，c#工程要支援的更完備些：直接替你封裝好了對resourcemanager的使用。
- 推薦工具
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- resgen.exe：sdk 中的工具，專門用來做資原始檔型別之間的轉換。支援 .txt <-> .resx <-> .resources 之間的轉換。
- resourcer：專門用來建立資原始檔，簡單易用，支援 .resx 和 .resources 檔案格式。
- .net reflector：用來瀏覽 assembly。如果你不確定一個資原始檔的完整名時能用這個工具在 assembly 中檢視。
ResX資原始檔中圖示的提取
ResX檔案中，是將所有資源（包括二進位制）都寫入到XML檔案中，每個圖示不再以獨立檔案的形式存在。在程式設計工程中，尤其在學習、分析現有.Net應用程式過程中，需要提取現有應用程式中的圖示。基本思路是利用工具軟體，將應用程式的資原始檔提取出來（具體方法可以進行網上搜尋），生成resx或resources檔案。當生成resources檔案時，可以利用resgen.exe進行格式轉換。
通過對resx檔案格式分析，開發了針對resx格式檔案的圖示提取工具，本工具的具體程式碼如下：
介面設計程式碼：
1 <Global.Microsoft.VisualBasic.CompilerServices.DesignerGenerated()> _ 2 Partial Class frmMain 3 Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form 4 5 'Form 重寫 Dispose，以清理元件列表。 6 <System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCode()> _ 7 Protected Overrides Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean) 8 Try 9 If disposing AndAlso components IsNot Nothing Then 10 components.Dispose() 11 End If 12 Finally 13 MyBase.Dispose(disposing) 14 End Try 15 End Sub 16 17 'Windows 窗體設計器所必需的 18 Private components As System.ComponentModel.IContainer 19 20 '注意: 以下過程是 Windows 窗體設計器所必需的 21 '可以使用 Windows 窗體設計器修改它。 22 '不要使用程式碼編輯器修改它。 23 <System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThrough()> _ 24 Private Sub InitializeComponent() 25 Me.components = New System.ComponentModel.Container() 26 Dim resources As System.ComponentModel.ComponentResourceManager = New System.ComponentModel.ComponentResourceManager(GetType(frmMain)) 27 Me.ImageList1 = New System.Windows.Forms.ImageList(Me.components) 28 Me.ListView1 = New System.Windows.Forms.ListView() 29 Me.OpenFileDialog1 = New System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog() 30 Me.MenuStrip1 = New System.Windows.Forms.MenuStrip() 31 Me.FleToolStripMenuItem = New System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem() 32 Me.mnuFileOpen = New System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem() 33 Me.mnuFileExport = New System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem() 34 Me.mnuFileExit = New System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem() 35 Me.FolderBrowserDialog1 = New System.Windows.Forms.FolderBrowserDialog() 36 Me.MenuStrip1.SuspendLayout() 37 Me.SuspendLayout() 38 ' 39 'ImageList1 40 ' 41 Me.ImageList1.ImageStream = CType(resources.GetObject("ImageList1.ImageStream"), System.Windows.Forms.ImageListStreamer) 42 Me.ImageList1.TransparentColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent 43 Me.ImageList1.Images.SetKeyName(0, "bmp00002.bmp") 44 Me.ImageList1.Images.SetKeyName(1, "") 45 Me.ImageList1.Images.SetKeyName(2, "") 46 Me.ImageList1.Images.SetKeyName(3, "") 47 Me.ImageList1.Images.SetKeyName(4, "") 48 Me.ImageList1.Images.SetKeyName(5, "") 49 Me.ImageList1.Images.SetKeyName(6, "") 50 Me.ImageList1.Images.SetKeyName(7, "") 51 Me.ImageList1.Images.SetKeyName(8, "") 52 Me.ImageList1.Images.SetKeyName(9, "") 53 Me.ImageList1.Images.SetKeyName(10, "") 54 Me.ImageList1.Images.SetKeyName(11, "") 55 Me.ImageList1.Images.SetKeyName(12, "") 56 Me.ImageList1.Images.SetKeyName(13, "") 57 Me.ImageList1.Images.SetKeyName(14, "") 58 ' 59 'ListView1 60 ' 61 Me.ListView1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill 62 Me.ListView1.HideSelection = False 63 Me.ListView1.LargeImageList = Me.ImageList1 64 Me.ListView1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(0, 25) 65 Me.ListView1.Name = "ListView1" 66 Me.ListView1.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(763, 544) 67 Me.ListView1.SmallImageList = Me.ImageList1 68 Me.ListView1.TabIndex = 3 69 Me.ListView1.UseCompatibleStateImageBehavior = False 70 Me.ListView1.View = System.Windows.Forms.View.SmallIcon 71 ' 72 'OpenFileDialog1 73 ' 74 Me.OpenFileDialog1.FileName = "OpenFileDialog1" 75 ' 76 'MenuStrip1 77 ' 78 Me.MenuStrip1.Items.AddRange(New System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripItem() {Me.FleToolStripMenuItem}) 79 Me.MenuStrip1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(0, 0) 80 Me.MenuStrip1.Name = "MenuStrip1" 81 Me.MenuStrip1.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(763, 25) 82 Me.MenuStrip1.TabIndex = 4 83 Me.MenuStrip1.Text = "MenuStrip1" 84 ' 85 'FleToolStripMenuItem 86 ' 87 Me.FleToolStripMenuItem.DropDownItems.AddRange(New System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripItem() {Me.mnuFileOpen, Me.mnuFileExport, Me.mnuFileExit}) 88 Me.FleToolStripMenuItem.Name = "FleToolStripMenuItem" 89 Me.FleToolStripMenuItem.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(36, 21) 90 Me.FleToolStripMenuItem.Text = "&Fle" 91 ' 92 'mnuFileOpen 93 ' 94 Me.mnuFileOpen.Name = "mnuFileOpen" 95 Me.mnuFileOpen.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(180, 22) 96 Me.mnuFileOpen.Text = "&Open" 97 ' 98 'mnuFileExport 99 ' 100 Me.mnuFileExport.Name = "mnuFileExport" 101 Me.mnuFileExport.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(180, 22) 102 Me.mnuFileExport.Text = "&Export..." 103 ' 104 'mnuFileExit 105 ' 106 Me.mnuFileExit.Name = "mnuFileExit" 107 Me.mnuFileExit.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(180, 22) 108 Me.mnuFileExit.Text = "e&Xit" 109 ' 110 'frmMain 111 ' 112 Me.AutoScaleDimensions = New System.Drawing.SizeF(6.0!, 12.0!) 113 Me.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font 114 Me.ClientSize = New System.Drawing.Size(763, 569) 115 Me.Controls.Add(Me.ListView1) 116 Me.Controls.Add(Me.MenuStrip1) 117 Me.MainMenuStrip = Me.MenuStrip1 118 Me.MaximizeBox = False 119 Me.MinimizeBox = False 120 Me.Name = "frmMain" 121 Me.Text = "Export Images From ImageList" 122 Me.MenuStrip1.ResumeLayout(False) 123 Me.MenuStrip1.PerformLayout() 124 Me.ResumeLayout(False) 125 Me.PerformLayout() 126 127 End Sub 128 129 Friend WithEvents ImageList1 As ImageList 130 Friend WithEvents ListView1 As ListView 131 Friend WithEvents OpenFileDialog1 As OpenFileDialog 132 Friend WithEvents MenuStrip1 As MenuStrip 133 Friend WithEvents FleToolStripMenuItem As ToolStripMenuItem 134 Friend WithEvents mnuFileOpen As ToolStripMenuItem 135 Friend WithEvents mnuFileExport As ToolStripMenuItem 136 Friend WithEvents mnuFileExit As ToolStripMenuItem 137 Friend WithEvents FolderBrowserDialog1 As FolderBrowserDialog 138 End Class
程式程式碼：
1 Imports System.Resources 2 Imports Microsoft.VisualBasic.CompilerServices 3 Public Class frmMain 4 Private Sub mnuFileOpen_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles mnuFileOpen.Click 5 Me.OpenFileDialog1 = New OpenFileDialog 6 Me.OpenFileDialog1.DefaultExt = "resx" 7 Me.OpenFileDialog1.AddExtension = True 8 Me.OpenFileDialog1.Filter = ("Microsoft.Net managed Resource File") + " (*.resx)|*.resx" 9 Me.OpenFileDialog1.FilterIndex = 1 10 If Me.OpenFileDialog1.ShowDialog() = DialogResult.OK AndAlso Operators.CompareString(Me.OpenFileDialog1.FileName, "", False) <> 0 Then 11 filename = Me.OpenFileDialog1.FileName 12 mnuFileExport.Enabled = True 13 Dim rsxr As ResXResourceReader = New ResXResourceReader(filename) 14 Dim resxSet As New ResXResourceSet(filename) 15 Dim d As DictionaryEntry 16 Dim n As Integer = 0 17 For Each d In rsxr 18 If Operators.CompareString(d.Value.ToString(), "System.Drawing.Bitmap", False) = 0 Then 19 Console.WriteLine(d.Key.ToString() + ":" + ControlChars.Tab + "'" + d.Value.ToString() + "'") 20 Dim image As Bitmap = CType(resxSet.GetObject(d.Key.ToString(), True), Bitmap) 21 If image IsNot Nothing Then 22 ImageList1.Images.Add(image) 23 ListView1.Items.Add(New ListViewItem(n.ToString(), n)) 24 n += 1 25 End If 26 End If 27 Next d 28 rsxr.Close() 29 End If 30 End Sub 31 Private filename As String = "" 32 Private Sub mnuFileExport_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles mnuFileExport.Click 33 If Operators.CompareString(filename, "", False) <> 0 Then 34 Me.FolderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath = "C:\" 35 Me.FolderBrowserDialog1.Description = "選擇儲存圖示的目錄" 36 If Me.FolderBrowserDialog1.ShowDialog() = DialogResult.OK AndAlso Operators.CompareString(Me.FolderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath, "", False) <> 0 Then 37 Dim rsxr As ResXResourceReader = New ResXResourceReader(filename) 38 Dim resxSet As New ResXResourceSet(filename) 39 Dim d As DictionaryEntry 40 For Each d In rsxr 41 If Operators.CompareString(d.Value.ToString(), "System.Drawing.Bitmap", False) = 0 Then 42 Console.WriteLine(d.Key.ToString() + ":" + ControlChars.Tab + "'" + d.Value.ToString() + "'") 43 Dim image As Bitmap = CType(resxSet.GetObject(d.Key.ToString(), True), Bitmap) 44 If image IsNot Nothing Then 45 image.Save(Me.FolderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath + "\" + d.Key.ToString() + ".bmp") 46 End If 47 End If 48 Next d 49 rsxr.Close() 50 End If 51 End If 52 End Sub 53 Private Sub frmMain_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load 54 mnuFileExport.Enabled = (Operators.CompareString(filename, "", False) <> 0) 55 End Sub 56 End Class
程式執行後，通過File-Open載入resx資原始檔，圖示將列在ListView控制元件中，介面如下：
通過File——Export...選擇目標目錄，將圖示匯出到指定目錄。
另外，針對System.Drawing.Icon、ImageList的ImageStream也可以進行相應處理，程式碼如下：
1 If Operators.CompareString(d.Value.ToString(), "System.Drawing.Icon", False) = 0 Then 2 Dim image As Icon = CType(resxSet.GetObject(d.Key.ToString(), True), Icon) 3 If image IsNot Nothing Then 4 ImageList1.Images.Add(image) 5 ListView1.Items.Add(New ListViewItem(n.ToString(), n)) 6 n += 1 7 End If 8 End If 9 If Operators.CompareString(d.Key.ToString(), "ImageList1.ImageStream", False) = 0 Then 10 imgList.ImageStream = CType(resxSet.GetObject(d.Key.ToString(), True), System.Windows.Forms.ImageListStreamer) 11 For i As Integer = 0 To imgList.Images.Count - 1 12 ImageList1.Images.Add(imgList.Images(i)) 13 ListView1.Items.Add(New ListViewItem(n.ToString(), n)) 14 n += 1 15 Next 16 End If
其中，可以輸入ImageList控制元件名稱，來選擇具體解析物件。