一、cinder簡介
cinder是openstack環境中的塊儲存服務，主要為執行在openstack之上的虛擬機器提供塊儲存服務的；所謂塊儲存就是我們經常用的硬碟呀，U盤啊，SD卡等等這些塊裝置的，這裡不同我們生活中看到的那樣的磁碟，這裡我們可以理解為類似雲盤的東西；對於cinder來講，它主要由三個元件組成，cinder-api、cinder-scheduler、cinder-volume；其中cinder-api和cinder-scheduler這兩個元件通常部署在在控制節點，cinder-volume通常部署在storage節點；cinder-volume主要作用是通過接收openstack控制節點上cinder-scheduler傳送過來的請求，進行卷管理；cinder-api主要作用是接收請求，並將請求負責丟到對應的佇列中去；cinder-scheduler主要負責排程後面的cinder-volume來完成管理卷；
cinder架構
cinder工作過程：首先客戶端會把請求傳送給cinder-api，cinder-api接收請求，並將其放到對應的訊息佇列中；然後cinder-scheduler從對應的訊息佇列取出使用者的請求進行排程，把最終的排程結果放到對應的訊息佇列中去，同時也往資料庫中儲存一份；在cinder-scheduler把排程結果放到訊息佇列中去以後，對應的cinder-volume會從對應的訊息佇列取出訊息在本地執行，最後把執行的狀態資訊寫一份到資料庫，同時把執行的狀態放到訊息佇列，從而讓cinder-api把對應的結果返回給客戶端；大致工作流程就是這樣；
二、cinder服務安裝配置
1、在控制節點安裝配置cinder-api、cinder-scheduler
建立cinder資料庫以及相關訪問資料庫的使用者和授權
[root@node02 ~]# mysql Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 318 Server version: 10.1.20-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE cinder; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'cinder'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
驗證：在其他節點使用cinder使用者登入資料庫，看看建立的cinder使用者是否可以正常登入資料庫？
[root@node01 ~]# mysql -ucinder -pcinder -hnode02 Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 319 Server version: 10.1.20-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | cinder | | information_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> exit Bye [root@node01 ~]#
在控制節點上匯出admin使用者環境變數，建立cinder使用者並將其域指向default，密碼設定為cinder
[root@node01 ~]# source admin.sh
[root@node01 ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt cinder
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | 47c0915c914c49bb8670703e4315a80f |
| enabled | True |
| id | a795dd0941e942da85291177fe434f60 |
| name | cinder |
| options | {} |
| password_expires_at | None |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
[root@node01 ~]#
將cinder使用者新增到service專案，並授權為admin角色許可權
[root@node01 ~]# openstack role add --project service --user cinder admin [root@node01 ~]#
建立cinderv2和cinderv3服務
[root@node01 ~]# openstack service create --name cinderv2 \ > --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2 +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | OpenStack Block Storage | | enabled | True | | id | 1145b9f35e3f419bb707f0d500bc2e3b | | name | cinderv2 | | type | volumev2 | +-------------+----------------------------------+ [root@node01 ~]# openstack service create --name cinderv3 \ > --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev3 +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | OpenStack Block Storage | | enabled | True | | id | aa142423921d408db8ba8dc7e48784f0 | | name | cinderv3 | | type | volumev3 | +-------------+----------------------------------+ [root@node01 ~]#
提示：cinder有兩個版本，這兩個版本都要建立服務端點；
分別註冊cinderv2和cinderv3到公共、私有、管理端點
cinderv2公共端點
[root@node01 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \ > volumev2 public http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | b60100d78284490a886b8b134f730b76 | | interface | public | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 1145b9f35e3f419bb707f0d500bc2e3b | | service_name | cinderv2 | | service_type | volumev2 | | url | http://controller:8776/v2/%(project_id)s | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ [root@node01 ~]#
cinderv2私有端點
[root@node01 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \ > volumev2 internal http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 8c5b226eab8e4882af33e09e91f5a478 | | interface | internal | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 1145b9f35e3f419bb707f0d500bc2e3b | | service_name | cinderv2 | | service_type | volumev2 | | url | http://controller:8776/v2/%(project_id)s | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ [root@node01 ~]#
cinderv2管理端點
[root@node01 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \ > volumev2 admin http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | b0d35d4b02954fe0a335f8e94365471d | | interface | admin | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 1145b9f35e3f419bb707f0d500bc2e3b | | service_name | cinderv2 | | service_type | volumev2 | | url | http://controller:8776/v2/%(project_id)s | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ [root@node01 ~]#
cinderv3公共端點
[root@node01 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \ > volumev3 public http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | dff608b23a6b45cebb44d54c7ff68718 | | interface | public | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | aa142423921d408db8ba8dc7e48784f0 | | service_name | cinderv3 | | service_type | volumev3 | | url | http://controller:8776/v3/%(project_id)s | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ [root@node01 ~]#
cinderv3私有端點
[root@node01 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \ > volumev3 internal http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 240ea84001e740c7b1514122e38cdca8 | | interface | internal | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | aa142423921d408db8ba8dc7e48784f0 | | service_name | cinderv3 | | service_type | volumev3 | | url | http://controller:8776/v3/%(project_id)s | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ [root@node01 ~]#
cinderv3管理端點
[root@node01 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \ > volumev3 admin http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 19b83da138564fb586ddd0f9edf57c67 | | interface | admin | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | aa142423921d408db8ba8dc7e48784f0 | | service_name | cinderv3 | | service_type | volumev3 | | url | http://controller:8776/v3/%(project_id)s | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ [root@node01 ~]#
安裝openstack-cinder軟體包
[root@node01 ~]# yum install openstack-cinder -y
編輯配置檔案/etc/cinder/cinder.conf，在【database】配置段配置連線cinder資料庫的地址
在【DEFAULT】配置段配置使用keystone來做認證以及rabbitmq連線地址
在【keystone_authtoken】配置段配置去keystone認證的相關資訊
在【DEFAULT】配置段配置my_ip為本地ip地址
在【oslo_concurrency】配置段配置存放鎖檔案路徑
cinder.conf的最終配置
[root@node01 ~]# grep -i ^"[a-z\[]" /etc/cinder/cinder.conf [DEFAULT] transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack123@node02 auth_strategy = keystone my_ip = 192.168.0.41 [backend] [backend_defaults] [barbican] [brcd_fabric_example] [cisco_fabric_example] [coordination] [cors] [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:cinder@node02/cinder [fc-zone-manager] [healthcheck] [key_manager] [keystone_authtoken] www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000 auth_url = http://controller:5000 memcached_servers = node02:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = cinder password = cinder [matchmaker_redis] [nova] [oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp [oslo_messaging_amqp] [oslo_messaging_kafka] [oslo_messaging_notifications] [oslo_messaging_rabbit] [oslo_messaging_zmq] [oslo_middleware] [oslo_policy] [oslo_reports] [oslo_versionedobjects] [profiler] [sample_remote_file_source] [service_user] [ssl] [vault] [root@node01 ~]#
填充資料庫
[root@node01 ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder Deprecated: Option "logdir" from group "DEFAULT" is deprecated. Use option "log-dir" from group "DEFAULT". [root@node01 ~]#
驗證：在cinder庫中，檢視是否有表生成？
MariaDB [(none)]> use cinder Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed MariaDB [cinder]> show tables; +----------------------------+ | Tables_in_cinder | +----------------------------+ | attachment_specs | | backup_metadata | | backups | | cgsnapshots | | clusters | | consistencygroups | | driver_initiator_data | | encryption | | group_snapshots | | group_type_projects | | group_type_specs | | group_types | | group_volume_type_mapping | | groups | | image_volume_cache_entries | | messages | | migrate_version | | quality_of_service_specs | | quota_classes | | quota_usages | | quotas | | reservations | | services | | snapshot_metadata | | snapshots | | transfers | | volume_admin_metadata | | volume_attachment | | volume_glance_metadata | | volume_metadata | | volume_type_extra_specs | | volume_type_projects | | volume_types | | volumes | | workers | +----------------------------+ 35 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [cinder]>
編輯控制節點/etc/nova/nova.conf配置檔案，在【cinder】配置段配置nova使用cinder服務
[cinder] os_region_name = RegionOne
重啟nova服務
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service [root@node01 ~]# ss -tnl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:9292 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 100 *:6080 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:9696 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:8774 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:8775 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:9191 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::5000 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::8778 :::* [root@node01 ~]#
提示：重啟請確保nova-api服務所監聽埠（8774/8775）處於正常監聽；
啟動cinder-api和cinder-scheduler服務，並將其設定為開機啟動
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service [root@node01 ~]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-cinder-api.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-cinder-api.service. Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-cinder-scheduler.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-cinder-scheduler.service. [root@node01 ~]# ss -tnl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:9292 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 100 *:6080 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:9696 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:8774 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:8775 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:9191 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:8776 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::5000 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::8778 :::* [root@node01 ~]#
提示：請確保8776埠處於正常監聽就說明cinder服務啟動正常；或者直接檢視有沒有cinder程式啟動，以此來判斷cinder服務是否都啟動正常；如下
到此，在控制節點安裝配置cinder-api和cinder-scheduler服務就完成了；
2、在cinder storage節點安裝配置cinder-volume服務
storage node 環境說明，配置好yum倉庫，時間同步，以及主機名解析等等；有關基礎環境的配置，請參考https://www.cnblogs.com/qiuhom-1874/p/13886693.html；為了演示，我在node05上附加了三塊20g的硬碟，方便待會測試；
準備好基礎環境後，接下來開始cinder-volume服務需要的包
[root@node05 ~]# yum install lvm2 device-mapper-persistent-data -y
啟動lvm2-lvmetad服務並將其設定為開機啟動
[root@node05 ~]# systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service [root@node05 ~]# systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service [root@node05 ~]#
檢視node05上的硬碟
把/dev/sdb整塊盤建立一個pv
[root@node05 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created. [root@node05 ~]#
建立vg
[root@node05 ~]# vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sdb Volume group "cinder-volumes" successfully created [root@node05 ~]#
編輯lvm配置檔案/etc/lvm/lvm.conf，將其只允許掃描我們附加的三塊磁碟和本地/dev/sda，預設lvm會掃描整個/dev下的所有裝置
安裝openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone包
[root@node05 ~]# yum install openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone -y
編輯配置檔案/etc/cinder/cinder.conf，在【database】配置段配置連線cinder資料庫相關資訊
在【DEFAULT】配置段配置連線rabbitmq相關資訊，配置認證策略為keystone，配置my_ip為本地和控制節點通訊網路卡ip地址
在【keystone_authtoken】配置段配置去keystone認證相關資訊
在【lvm】配置段配置連線lvm相關驅動，vg，以及使用的傳輸協議；預設配置檔案中沒有【lvm】配置段，我們可以在配置檔案的末尾新增【lvm】配置段，把對應要配置的內容配置上就好；
[lvm] volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver volume_group = cinder-volumes iscsi_protocol = iscsi iscsi_helper = lioadm
提示：這裡的volume_group要和我們之前建立的vg名稱保持一致；
在【DEFAULT】配置段開啟lvm back end，以及連線glance服務的地址
在【oslo_concurrency】配置鎖路徑
cinder.conf最終配置
[root@node05 ~]# [root@node05 ~]# grep -i ^"[a-z\[]" /etc/cinder/cinder.conf [DEFAULT] my_ip = 192.168.0.45 transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack123@node02 auth_strategy = keystone enabled_backends = lvm glance_api_servers = http://controller:9292 [backend] [backend_defaults] [barbican] [brcd_fabric_example] [cisco_fabric_example] [coordination] [cors] [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:cinder@node02/cinder [fc-zone-manager] [healthcheck] [key_manager] [keystone_authtoken] www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000 auth_url = http://controller:5000 memcached_servers = node02:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = cinder password = cinder [matchmaker_redis] [nova] [oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp [oslo_messaging_amqp] [oslo_messaging_kafka] [oslo_messaging_notifications] [oslo_messaging_rabbit] [oslo_messaging_zmq] [oslo_middleware] [oslo_policy] [oslo_reports] [oslo_versionedobjects] [profiler] [sample_remote_file_source] [service_user] [ssl] [vault] [lvm] volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver volume_group = cinder-volumes iscsi_protocol = iscsi iscsi_helper = lioadm [root@node05 ~]#
啟動服務，並將其設定為開機啟動
[root@node05 ~]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service [root@node05 ~]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-cinder-volume.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-cinder-volume.service. Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/target.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/target.service. [root@node05 ~]#
驗證：檢視服務是否正常啟動
提示：能夠看到cinder-volume程式啟動，說明服務啟動沒有問題；
到此，在storage node上的配置就完成了；
驗證：在控制節點匯出admin使用者環境變數，使用openstack volume service list命令，看看是否能夠列出服務元件資訊？
[root@node01 ~]# source admin.sh [root@node01 ~]# openstack volume service list +------------------+---------------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated At | +------------------+---------------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ | cinder-volume | node05.test.org@lvm | nova | enabled | up | 2020-11-02T13:58:10.000000 | | cinder-scheduler | node01.test.org | nova | enabled | up | 2020-11-02T13:58:10.000000 | +------------------+---------------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ [root@node01 ~]#
提示：能夠列出cinder-scheduler和cinder-volume這兩個元件就表示我們在控制節點和storage 節點上安裝的元件沒有問題；
驗證：匯出demo使用者環境，建立卷，看看是否能夠正常建立？
[root@node01 ~]# source demo.sh [root@node01 ~]# openstack volume create --size 1 volume1 +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ | attachments | [] | | availability_zone | nova | | bootable | false | | consistencygroup_id | None | | created_at | 2020-11-02T14:16:37.000000 | | description | None | | encrypted | False | | id | f41c1ad9-8fb3-426c-bb63-33dafabfd47d | | multiattach | False | | name | volume1 | | properties | | | replication_status | None | | size | 1 | | snapshot_id | None | | source_volid | None | | status | creating | | type | None | | updated_at | None | | user_id | 5453d68782a34429a7dab7da9c51f0d9 | +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ [root@node01 ~]#
檢視當前使用者的卷列表
[root@node01 ~]# openstack volume list +--------------------------------------+---------+-----------+------+-------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Size | Attached to | +--------------------------------------+---------+-----------+------+-------------+ | f41c1ad9-8fb3-426c-bb63-33dafabfd47d | volume1 | available | 1 | | +--------------------------------------+---------+-----------+------+-------------+ [root@node01 ~]#
在storage 節點上檢視邏輯卷，看看是否有我們剛才建立的卷呢？
將卷附加到某個虛擬機器例項上
[root@node01 ~]# openstack server list +--------------------------------------+-----------+---------+----------------------------------------------+--------+---------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+-----------+---------+----------------------------------------------+--------+---------+ | 057103fc-97eb-4f5b-910d-beddccd3bd22 | test_vm-3 | SHUTOFF | provider-net=192.168.0.124 | cirros | m1.nano | | 32622be2-47dc-47c8-b0ef-c5c5c85eb9ba | test_vm-1 | SHUTOFF | provider-net=192.168.0.102 | cirros | m1.nano | | 5523730d-9dc4-4827-b53a-43f3c860b838 | test_vm-2 | SHUTOFF | provider-net=192.168.0.119 | cirros | m1.nano | | 3f220e22-50ce-4068-9b0b-cd9c07446e6c | demo_vm2 | SHUTOFF | demo_selfservice_net=10.0.1.2, 192.168.0.104 | cirros | m1.nano | | a9f76200-0636-48ab-9eda-69526dab0653 | demo_vm1 | SHUTOFF | provider-net=192.168.0.103 | cirros | m1.nano | +--------------------------------------+-----------+---------+----------------------------------------------+--------+---------+ [root@node01 ~]# openstack volume list +--------------------------------------+---------+-----------+------+-------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Size | Attached to | +--------------------------------------+---------+-----------+------+-------------+ | f41c1ad9-8fb3-426c-bb63-33dafabfd47d | volume1 | available | 1 | | +--------------------------------------+---------+-----------+------+-------------+ [root@node01 ~]# openstack server add volume demo_vm1 volume1 [root@node01 ~]# openstack volume list +--------------------------------------+---------+--------+------+-----------------------------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Size | Attached to | +--------------------------------------+---------+--------+------+-----------------------------------+ | f41c1ad9-8fb3-426c-bb63-33dafabfd47d | volume1 | in-use | 1 | Attached to demo_vm1 on /dev/vdb | +--------------------------------------+---------+--------+------+-----------------------------------+ [root@node01 ~]#
提示：可以看到當把某個卷附加給某個虛擬機器例項以後，再次檢視卷的狀態就變成了in-use狀態，並明確說明該卷附加在那個例項之上，並識別成那個裝置；
驗證：連線對應虛擬機器，檢視是否有/dev/vdb的裝置附加到虛擬機器上？
在demo_vm1上對/dev/vdb進行分割槽
[root@node01 ~]# ssh cirros@192.168.0.103
$ sudo su -
# fdisk -l /dev/vdb
Disk /dev/vdb: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.27).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xcc2cfc07.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-2097151, default 2048):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-2097151, default 2097151): +300M
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 300 MiB.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/vdb: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xcc2cfc07
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/vdb1 2048 616447 614400 300M 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
#
格式化/dev/vdb1，並將其掛在至/mnt目錄
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb1
mke2fs 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014)
Creating filesystem with 307200 1k blocks and 76912 inodes
Filesystem UUID: bc228b69-bc7d-47ff-81bd-2b5a2291aa02
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
# mount /dev/vdb1 /mnt
# df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev devtmpfs 19.2M 0 19.2M 0% /dev
/dev/vda1 ext3 978.9M 24.1M 914.0M 3% /
tmpfs tmpfs 23.2M 0 23.2M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 23.2M 88.0K 23.1M 0% /run
/dev/vdb1 ext4 282.5M 2.0M 261.5M 1% /mnt
#
提示：可以看到格式化成功，併成功掛載至/mnt
複製檔案到/mnt下進行儲存，看看是否可正常儲存？
# ls -l /mnt total 12 drwx------ 2 root root 12288 Nov 1 15:22 lost+found # cp /etc/passwd /mnt # ls -l /mnt total 13 drwx------ 2 root root 12288 Nov 1 15:22 lost+found -rw------- 1 root root 586 Nov 1 15:24 passwd # cat /mnt/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/sh daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/bin/sh sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/bin/sh sync:x:4:100:sync:/bin:/bin/sync mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/spool/mail:/bin/sh proxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/bin/sh www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/bin/sh backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/bin/sh operator:x:37:37:Operator:/var:/bin/sh haldaemon:x:68:68:hald:/:/bin/sh dbus:x:81:81:dbus:/var/run/dbus:/bin/sh ftp:x:83:83:ftp:/home/ftp:/bin/sh nobody:x:99:99:nobody:/home:/bin/sh sshd:x:103:99:Operator:/var:/bin/sh cirros:x:1000:1000:non-root user:/home/cirros:/bin/sh #
提示：可以看到可以正常的存入檔案，讀取檔案內容都沒有問題；
重啟虛擬機器，看看卷是否會自動掛載到對應虛擬機器呢？
再啟動虛擬機器
檢視虛擬機器是否有之前的塊裝置？是否自動掛載了？資料是否有丟失？
[root@node01 ~]# ssh cirros@192.168.0.103 $ sudo su - # df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev devtmpfs 19.2M 0 19.2M 0% /dev /dev/vda1 ext3 978.9M 24.1M 914.0M 3% / tmpfs tmpfs 23.2M 0 23.2M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 23.2M 88.0K 23.1M 0% /run # fdisk -l /dev/vdb Disk /dev/vdb: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0xcc2cfc07 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/vdb1 2048 616447 614400 300M 83 Linux # mount /dev/vdb1 /mnt # ls -l /mnt total 13 drwx------ 2 root root 12288 Nov 1 15:22 lost+found -rw------- 1 root root 586 Nov 1 15:24 passwd # cat /mnt/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/sh daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/bin/sh sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/bin/sh sync:x:4:100:sync:/bin:/bin/sync mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/spool/mail:/bin/sh proxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/bin/sh www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/bin/sh backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/bin/sh operator:x:37:37:Operator:/var:/bin/sh haldaemon:x:68:68:hald:/:/bin/sh dbus:x:81:81:dbus:/var/run/dbus:/bin/sh ftp:x:83:83:ftp:/home/ftp:/bin/sh nobody:x:99:99:nobody:/home:/bin/sh sshd:x:103:99:Operator:/var:/bin/sh cirros:x:1000:1000:non-root user:/home/cirros:/bin/sh #
提示：可以看到重啟虛擬機器它並不會自動幫我們掛載，原因是我們沒有配置它自動掛載；但是虛擬機器重啟以後，塊裝置會自動和虛擬機器關聯；我們只需要配置對應的裝置開機掛載就行；
到此cinder服務安裝配置以及測試就完成了；這也意味著我們現有的openstack環境之上執行的虛擬機器，可以擁有真正意義上的持久儲存功能；只要我們的storage 節點不故障，儲存在上面的卷就沒有問題，虛擬機器在捲上儲存的資料就不會丟；