利用RMAN恢復整個資料庫

恢復目錄不一致

當資料庫目錄不一樣的時候，一般沒有必要這樣做，但是有時候特殊的需要

備份指令碼：

run{

allocate channel ch1 type disk;

sql ‘alter system archive log current’;

backup as compressed backupset database format ‘/u02/rman/testdb_%T_%U’;

sql ‘alter system archive log current’;

backup as compressed archivelog all format ‘/u02/rman/testarc_%T_%U’;

backup current controlfile format ‘/u02/rman/testcon_%T_U’;

release channel ch1;

}

crosscheck backup;

delete force noprompt obsolete;

 

1，2，3，4，5過程和案例一的基本一樣。

下面是恢復過程：

[oracle@sdb rman]$ rman target / nocatalog

 

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Sep 19 17:08:33 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database (not started)

 

1）恢復spfile檔案

RMAN> startup nomount;

connected to target database (not started)

startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/10g/db_1/dbs/inittest.ora'

 

starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrival of spfile

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area     159383552 bytes

Fixed Size                     1266344 bytes

Variable Size                 54529368 bytes

Database Buffers             100663296 bytes

Redo Buffers                   2924544 bytes

 

RMAN> restore spfile from '/u02/rman/testdb_20100919_0slo9uv5_1_1';

 

Starting restore at 19-SEP-10

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=36 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: /u02/rman/testdb_20100919_0slo9uv5_1_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from autobackup complete

Finished restore at 19-SEP-10

 

3）恢復controlfile

RMAN> shutdown immediate;

Oracle instance shut down

RMAN> startup nomount;

 

connected to target database (not started)

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area     167772160 bytes

Fixed Size                     1266392 bytes

Variable Size                 88083752 bytes

Database Buffers              75497472 bytes

Redo Buffers                   2924544 bytes

 

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/u02/rman/testcon_20100919_0ulo9uvd_1_1';

Starting restore at 19-SEP-10

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=101 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/control01.ctl

output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/control02.ctl

output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/control03.ctl

Finished restore at 19-SEP-10

 

4）恢復資料庫(restore，recover)

RMAN> alter database mount;

 

database mounted

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

 

RMAN> report schema;

 

Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 19-SEP-10

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=101 devtype=DISK

Crosschecked 7 objects

Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 19-SEP-10

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 19-SEP-10

using channel ORA_DISK_1

Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 19-SEP-10

searching for all files in the recovery area

cataloging files...

no files cataloged

 

RMAN-06139: WARNING: control file is not current for REPORT SCHEMA

Report of database schema

 

List of Permanent Datafiles

===========================

File Size(MB) Tablespace           RB segs Datafile Name

---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------

1    0        SYSTEM               ***     /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf

2    0        UNDOTBS1             ***     /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf

3    0        SYSAUX               ***     /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf

4    0        USERS                ***     /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf

 

List of Temporary Files

=======================

File Size(MB) Tablespace           Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name

---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------

1    0        TEMP                 32767       /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf

 

RMAN> run{

2> set newname for datafile 1 to '/u03/oradata/test/system01.dbf';

3> set newname for datafile 2 to '/u03/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf';

4> set newname for datafile 3 to '/u03/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf';

5> set newname for datafile 4 to '/u03/oradata/test/users01.dbf';

6> restore datafile 1,2,3,4;

7> switch datafile all;

8> }    

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

Starting restore at 19-SEP-10

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

restoring datafile 00001 to /u03/oradata/test/system01.dbf

restoring datafile 00002 to /u03/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf

restoring datafile 00003 to /u03/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf

restoring datafile 00004 to /u03/oradata/test/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u02/rman/testdb_20100919_0rlo9utn_1_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/u02/rman/testdb_20100919_0rlo9utn_1_1 tag=TAG20100919T152439

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:36

Finished restore at 19-SEP-10

datafile 1 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy recid=5 stamp=730143305 filename=/u03/oradata/test/system01.dbf

datafile 2 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy recid=6 stamp=730143305 filename=/u03/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf

datafile 3 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy recid=7 stamp=730143305 filename=/u03/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf

datafile 4 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy recid=8 stamp=730143305 filename=/u03/oradata/test/users01.dbf

 

RMAN> alter database mount;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of alter db command at 09/19/2010 17:35:25

ORA-01100: database already mounted

 

RMAN> recover database;

 

Starting recover at 19-SEP-10

using channel ORA_DISK_1

 

starting media recovery

 

archive log thread 1 sequence 43 is already on disk as file /u01/arclog/1_43_729861888.dbf

archive log thread 1 sequence 44 is already on disk as file /u01/arclog/1_44_729861888.dbf

archive log filename=/u01/arclog/1_43_729861888.dbf thread=1 sequence=43

archive log filename=/u01/arclog/1_44_729861888.dbf thread=1 sequence=44

unable to find archive log

archive log thread=1 sequence=45

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 09/19/2010 17:36:40

RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown log: thread 1 seq 45 lowscn 500916

 

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

database opened

RMAN> exit

Recovery Manager complete.

 

5）到此為至，資料檔案，以及初始化引數檔案，控制檔案已經恢復完畢，但控制檔案還是儲存在以前記錄的目錄裡，以及redo,temp檔案，下面是這幾個檔案的恢復過程：

[oracle@sdb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Sep 19 17:37:44 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

 

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

 

A．檢視當前日誌的狀態

SQL> select group#,status from v$log;

 

刪除不在使用的歸檔日誌，然後再新增回去

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 2;

 

SQL> alter database add logfile group 2 '/u03/oradata/test/redo02.log' size 50m;

 

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 3;

 

SQL> alter database add logfile group 3 '/u03/oradata/test/redo03.log' size 50m;

 

下面刪除歸檔1的時候要注意，必須將其狀態切換變為INACTIVE的時候，才可以刪除歸檔1，否則會提示當前的還沒有歸檔完

SQL> select group#,status from v$log;

SQL> alter system archive log current;

SQL> select group#,status from v$log;

 

SQL> alter system archive log current;

SQL> select group#,status from v$log;

 

SQL> alter system archive log current;

SQL> select group#,status from v$log;

 

SQL> alter system archive log current;

SQL> select group#,status from v$log;

 

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 1;

 

SQL> alter database add logfile group 1 '/u03/oradata/test/redo01.log' size 50m;

 

SQL> select * from v$logfile;

看上面的資訊redo聯機日誌恢復成功

 

B．恢復controlfile檔案

SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/inittest.ora' from spfile;    --先備份spfile 

SQL> shutdown immediate;

 

[oracle@sdb ~]$ vim inittest.ora   --加顏色的地方，就是要修改的地方，像*dump_dest目錄也可以根據需要進行修改，還有歸檔目錄

 

test.__db_cache_size=75497472

test.__java_pool_size=4194304

test.__large_pool_size=4194304

test.__shared_pool_size=79691776

test.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/test/adump'

*.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/test/bdump'

*.compatible='10.2.0.3.0'

*.control_files='/u03/oradata/test/control01.ctl','/u03/oradata/test/control02.ctl','/u03/oradata/test/control03.ctl'#Restore Controlfile

*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/test/cdump'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

*.db_name='test'

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=testXDB)'

*.job_queue_processes=10

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u03/arclog'

*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'

*.open_cursors=300

*.pga_aggregate_target=16777216

*.processes=100

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.sessions=115

*.sga_target=167772160

*.undo_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

*.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/test/udump'

 

 [oracle@sdb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

 SQL> startup nomount pfile='/home/oracle/inittest.ora';

 

[oracle@sdb ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/

 

下面是重點，一定要將控制檔案複製到恢復後相應的目錄裡

[oracle@sdb test]$ cp ./control* /u03/oradata/test/

[oracle@sdb test]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> alter database mount;

SQL> alter database open;

 

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

create spfile from pfile

 

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file

'/u01/app/oracle/10g/db_1/dbs/inittest.ora'

出現上面的錯誤原因是：在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目錄下沒有找到pfile檔案，將之前在/home/oracle/inittest.ora檔案複製過去，再執行

 

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

 

C．修改temp檔案：

先將資料檔案離線，再修改名以及路徑，最後讓資料檔案線上

SQL> alter database tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf' offline;

 

SQL> host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf /u03/oradata/test/temp01.dbf;

SQL> alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf' to '/u03/oradata/test/temp01.dbf';

SQL> alter database tempfile '/u03/oradata/test/temp01.dbf' online;

 

5）檢查恢復的整體情況，當然也可以再進行下歸檔的恢復

SQL> shutdown immediate;

SQL> startup;

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

SQL> select group#,member from v$logfile;

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;