Prework:
怎樣寫一個基本的Eunit? Doc.
1. 加入標頭檔案:宣告此模組以”_test”結尾的函式都是測試用,並在編譯時自動在這個模組里加入test()函式(當然這個可以用巨集來控制)
-include_lib("eunit/include/eunit.hrl").
2.編寫測試用例:”*_test()”函式":
reverse_nil_test() -> [] = lists:reverse([]). reverse_one_test() -> [1] = lists:reverse([1]). reverse_two_test() -> [2,1] = lists:reverse([1,2]). %%也可以用巨集:這個有好幾種,很方便,要用就看文件,比不用巨集的優勢在於出錯資訊詳細 length_test() -> ?assert(length([1,2,3]) =:= 3).
3. 執行 Eunit
編譯Module –> 然後:
Module:test(). %%或 eunit:test(Module).
以上是一個最簡單的Eunit的例子,那麼:
Question: 類似gen_server有啟動程式類的Eunit怎麼寫?有併發的怎麼寫?
基本Code形式:
-ifdef(TEST). -include_lib("eunit/include/eunit.hrl"). -compile({no_auto_import, [get/1, put/2]}). basic_test_() -> {setup, fun() -> ?debugFmt("Starting ~p", [?MODULE]), case start_link() of {error, {already_started, _}} -> ok; {ok, _} -> do_stop end end, fun(Stop) -> case Stop of do_stop -> stop(); ok -> ok end end, [ {timeout, 60, fun normal_insert/0}, {timeout, 60, fun ttl_insert/0} ] }. noraml_insert() -> todo. ttl_insert() -> todo.
-endif.
Eunit提供以下格式:
%%To make the descriptions simpler, we first list some definitions: Setup () -> (R::any()) SetupX (X::any()) -> (R::any()) Cleanup (R::any()) -> any() CleanupX (X::any(), R::any()) -> any() Instantiator ((R::any()) -> Tests) | {with, [AbstractTestFun::((any()) -> any())]} Where local | spawn | {spawn, Node::atom()} Table .1: (these are explained in more detail further below.) %%The following representations specify fixture handling for test sets: {setup, Setup, Tests | Instantiator} {setup, Setup, Cleanup, Tests | Instantiator} {setup, Where, Setup, Tests | Instantiator} {setup, Where, Setup, Cleanup, Tests | Instantiator}
Setup () -> (R::any()) SetupX (X::any()) -> (R::any()) Cleanup (R::any()) -> any() CleanupX (X::any(), R::any()) -> any() Instantiator ((R::any()) -> Tests) | {with, [AbstractTestFun::((any()) -> any())]} Where local | spawn | {spawn, Node::atom()}
我們上面就是用的: {setup,Setup,Cleanup,TestList}這種,所以用Setup啟動,執行TestList後用啟動Setup的返回值傳入Cleanup(Val)結束!注意這個test一定是xxx_test_()的形式,注意最後的_
可以看出_test_()的範圍比_test()的大,但是限定為fun() –> end.
Tip: 如果你想用新起程式來測試一個模組【gen_server是不需要這樣子的,本來就是新起了個程式】可以參照Where引數。
通過以上,我們就可以寫出很漂亮的gen_server的enuit函式啦!!
那麼如何讓多個enuit並行跑呢?比如不相關的幾個gen_server並行跑起來!
用引數:inparallel
base_test_() -> {setup, spawn, fun() -> start() end, fun(_) -> stop() end, {inparallel, 3,[ {timeout, 60, funnormal_insert/0}, {timeout, 60, ttl_insert/0} ]} }.
驚喜:可以指定同時跑幾個哦,上面指定了3個,不指定也可以的.
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一個好的application一定要有可靠的測試用例!,但是如果你在程式裡面大量用有副作用的程式字典,還是很難寫enuit的…