Oracle 通過透明閘道器訪問mysql配置步驟

Oracle 通過透明閘道器訪問mysql配置步驟

一、當前環境

1．  OS

more /etc/redhat-release

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.1 (Tikanga)

2．  Oracle

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

3．  Mysql

5.1.46-community-log MySQL Community Server

4．  IP

	機器名	IP	資料庫
A	s1.db.sns.mdc.139.com	192.168.2.235	Oracle
B	backup.139.com	192.168.2.23	mysql

 

 

二、所需的包

mysql-connector-odbc-5.1.8-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.x86_64.rpm

unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm

 

三、配置過程

1．  在機器A上安裝相關包

rpm –ivh mysql-connector-odbc-5.1.8-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

yum install unixODBC

 

2．  在機器B上建立mysql使用者並授權

grant select on user_global.* to my23_3322@192.168.2.235  identified by 'my23_3322';

 

3．  配置機器A上的 /etc/odbc.ini檔案，新增如下內容

[my23_3322]

Driver          = /usr/lib64/libmyodbc5.so

Server   = 192.168.2.23

User = my23_3322

Password = my23_3322

Port = 3322

database = user_global

 

其中，my23_3322 為服務名，後面將會用到

/usr/lib64/libmyodbc5.so 為odbc 驅動

192.168.2.23 為要訪問mysql 所在IP

my23_3322 登陸mysql 伺服器使用者名稱

3322 為mysql 資料庫埠

 

4．  在機器A使用isql 命令進行測試

isql my23_3322

+---------------------------------------+

| Connected!                            |

|                                       |

| sql-statement                         |

| help [tablename]                      |

| quit                                  |

|                                       |

+---------------------------------------+

能夠連線上表示ODBC配置成功

 

下面進行oracle 方面的配置，如無特殊說明均在機器A上配置

 

5．  在/opt/oracle/11.2/db_1/hs/admin/目錄下，配置init my23_3322.ora檔案，   init my23_3322.ora命名方式為init+服務名+.ora。新增如下內容

 

# HS init parameters

#

HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO = my23_3322

HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL = debug

HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME = /usr/lib64/libmyodbc5.so

HS_LANGUAGE=AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P1

HS_FDS_SQLLEN_INTERPRETATION=32

HS_LONG_PIECE_TRANSFER_SIZE=1258291

# ODBC specific environment variables

#

#set DBCINI=

set DBCINI=/etc/odbc.ini

 

HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO為服務名，與前面保持一致

HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL 為日誌跟蹤級別，不使用時可以設為OFF

HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME 為ODBC驅動

HS_LANGUAGE 為 Provides Heterogeneous Services with character set, language, and territory information of the non-Oracle data source. The value must use the following format:language[_territory.character_set] 。為異構伺服器的字符集，語言

HS_FDS_SQLLEN_INTERPRETATION 允許64bit 驅動可以使用32bit 標準，具體解釋可以參考oracle 文件ID 554409.1

 

6．  修改tnsnames.ora 檔案，新增如下內容

my23_3322 =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = s1.db.sns.mdc.139.com)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

     (SID = my23_3322)

      )

    (hs=ok)

  )

其中SID為前面定義的服務名

HOST為本機的機器名或者IP

PORT為本機的資料庫監聽器埠

 

7．  修改listener.ora 檔案，新增如下內容

   (SID_DESC =

        (SID_NAME = my23_3322)

        (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/11.2/db_1)

        (PROGRAM = dg4odbc)

        (ENVS=LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/oracle/11.2/db_1/lib:/opt/oracle/11.2/db_1/odbc/lib)

   )

SID_NAME為服務名

PROGRAM 為使用dg4odbc 驅動

8．  重新啟動listener ，基本內容如下：

lsnrctl status

Service "my23_3322" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "my23_3322", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

如果看到my23_3322 這個服務，則表示listener.ora 配置成功

 

9．  建立oracle 中建立資料庫連結

sqlplus scott/tiger

create  database link ln_my23_3322 connect to "my23_3322" identified by "my23_3322" using 'my23_3322';

 

10．              測試

 

SQL> select count(1) from tmp_reg_ip@ln_my23_3322;

  COUNT(1)

----------

      3812

Elapsed: 00:00:00.07

SQL> select * from dual@ln_my23_3322;

D

-

X

 

四、安裝過程中遇到的問題

1．  配置完成後，執行SQL報如下錯誤

SQL> select * from dual@ln_my23_3322;

select * from dual@ln_my23_3322

                   *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-28511: lost RPC connection to heterogeneous remote agent using

SID=ORA-28511: lost RPC connection to heterogeneous remote agent using

SID=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=s1.db.sns.mdc.139.com)(PORT=1521))

(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=my23_3322)))

ORA-02063: preceding line from LN_MY23_3322

Process ID: 18585

Session ID: 96 Serial number: 207

在initmy23_3322.ora檔案中新增如下引數

HS_LANGUAGE=AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P1

參考Oracle ID 555355.1

 

2．  從異種資料庫拷貝大資料量時，報錯如下

insert into auth_user select * from auth_user@ln_my23_3322

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel

Process ID: 19180

Session ID: 96 Serial number: 227

 

Alert 檔案有如下報錯：

ORA-07445: exception encountered: core dump [npixfc()+243] [SIGSEGV] [ADDR:0x7FFF086B7C08] [PC:0x59BAB0D] [Address not mapped to object] []

ORA-28511: lost RPC connection to heterogeneous remote agent using SID=ORA-28511: lost RPC connection to heterogeneous remote agent using SID=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=s1.db.sns.mdc.139.com)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=my23_3322)))

ORA-02063: preceding line from LN_MY23_3322

Incident details in: /opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/incident/incdir_13360/ora11g_ora_17512_i13360.trc

 

現象為伺服器記憶體（4G）被吃光，資料庫分配2G記憶體。機器記憶體有限無法再提供更多的記憶體，這可能是個BUG，暫沒有找到解決辦法，鬱悶。。。。。。

 

五、透明閘道器有如下限制

1．  BLOB and CLOB data cannot be read by pass-through queries

2．  Updates or deletes that include unsupported functions within a WHERE clause are not allowed

3．  Does not support stored procedures

4．  Cannot participate in distributed transactions; they support single-site transactions only

5．  Does not support multithreaded agents

6．  Does not support updating LONG columns with bind variables

7．  Does not support rowids

8．  COMMIT or ROLLBACK in PL/SQL Cursor Loops Closes Open Cursors

9．  UPDATE and DELETE statements with the WHERE CURRENT OF clause are not  supported by the gateway because they rely on the Oracle   implementation.

10．              The gateway does not support the CONNECT BY clause in a SELECT statement.

11．              The Oracle ROWID implementation is not supported.

12．              EXPLAIN PLAN Statement

13．              The gateway does not support the  START WITH condition and NOWAIT in a SELECT statement.

 

六、參考文件

Support.oracle.com

Database Gateway Installation and Configuration Guide for AIX 5L Based Systems (64-Bit), HP-UX Itanium, Solaris Operating System (SPARC 64-Bit), Linux x86, and Linux x86-64

Oracle Database Gateway for ODBC User’s Guide

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