linux基礎——在redhat6下配置yum源的使用

1向2飛發表於2013-04-03
     有好多朋友使用linux redhat版本是不是還在為rpm包的安裝而煩惱,yum工具的使用無意是解決這一難題的好工具,他可以解決包安裝中依賴問題,但是對於redhat版本的系統來說如果想使用yum的線上安裝功能是需要銀子的,那有沒有在redhat下不要銀子就可以使用yum呢,回答是肯定的可以使用,我們可以藉助於centos系統開源包來給我們的yum工具做相應配置就可以使用了。
配置如下:

由於Redhatyum線上更新是收費的,如果沒有註冊的話是不能使用的,即不能線上安裝軟體。在這種情況下,想使用Redhat系統,還想用yum源來線上安裝軟體,有沒有辦法?

  答案是有辦法,請往下看!

1、刪除redhat原有的yum

# rpm -aq | grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps

2、下載新的yum安裝包 

  這裡我們使用CentOSyum

# wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6.5/os/i386/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

# wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6.5/os/i386/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.i686.rpm

# wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6.5/os/i386/Packages/yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm

# wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6.5/os/i386/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm

3、安裝yum軟體包

# rpm -ivh  python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

# rpm -ivh  yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-14.1.el6.i686.rpm

# rpm -ivh  yum-3.2.27-14.el6.centos.noarch.rpm  yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.26-11.el6.noarch.rpm

  注意:最後兩個安裝包要放在一起同時安裝,否則會提示相互依賴,安裝失敗。

4、更改yum  #我們使用網易的CentOS映象源

# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

# wget  http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo

# vi CentOS6-Base-163.repo

編輯檔案,把檔案裡面的$releasever全部替換為版本號,即最後儲存!或者直接把下面的記憶體拷貝到CentOS6-Base-163.repo檔案中即可(已經修改好)

:%s/$releasever/6/g

#########################################################################

# CentOS-Base.repo

#

# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the

# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and

# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates

# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.

#

# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the

# remarked out baseurl= line instead.

#

#

 

[base]

name=CentOS-6 - Base - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=os

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

 

#released updates

[updates]

name=CentOS-6 - Updates - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=updates

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

 

#additional packages that may be useful

[extras]

name=CentOS-6 - Extras - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=extras

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

 

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages

[centosplus]

name=CentOS-6 - Plus - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

 

#contrib - packages by Centos Users

[contrib]

name=CentOS-6 - Contrib - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

 

#########################################################################

5、清理yum快取

# yum clean all

# yum makecache     #將伺服器上的軟體包資訊快取到本地,以提高搜尋安裝軟體的速度

# yum install vim*    #測試域名是否可用

  至此,Redhat6可以使用CentOSyum源線上安裝軟體了!

二、本地yum源配置
1、掛載iso檔案
#mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/iso/
2、修改yum配置檔案
#vi /etc/yum.repo.d/iso
===============
[base]
name=locale
baseurl=file:///mnt/iso/Server
enabled=1  ---開啟本地更新模式
gpgcheck=1
===============
redhat-6
====================================
[Server]
name=Server
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[HighAvailability]
name=HighAvailability
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/HighAvailability
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[LoadBalancer]
name=LoadBalancer
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/LoadBalancer
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0


[LoadBalancer]
name=LoadBalancer
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/LoadBalancer
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

3、清理快取
#yum clean all
注意:報錯處理

yum安裝rpm包時遇到“warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY”的解決辦法

在Redhat Linux下用yum安裝rpm時有時候會出現下面錯誤導致安裝失敗
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID*****  

這是由於yum安裝了舊版本的GPG keys造成的,解決辦法是可以執行下面命令:
$ sudo rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM*


 




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