移動端(手機端)頁面自適應解決方案—rem佈局
假設設計妹妹給我們的設計稿尺寸為750 * 1340。結合網易、淘寶移動端首頁html元素上的動態font-size屬性、設計稿尺寸、前端與設計之間協作流程一般分為下面兩種:
一、網易做法:
引入:頁面開頭處引入下面這段程式碼,用於動態計算font-size
(function(doc, win) {
var docEl = doc.documentElement,
isIOS = navigator.userAgent.match(/(i[^;]+;( U;)? CPU.+Mac OS X/),
dpr = isIOS ? Math.min(win.devicePixelRatio, 3) : 1,
dpr = window.top === window.self ? dpr : 1, //被iframe引用時,禁止縮放
dpr = 1,
scale = 1 / dpr,
resizeEvt = `orientationchange` in window ? `orientationchange` : `resize`;
docEl.dataset.dpr = dpr;
var metaEl = doc.createElement(`meta`);
metaEl.name = `viewport`;
metaEl.content = `initial-scale=` + scale + `,maximum-scale=` + scale + `, minimum-scale=` + scale;
docEl.firstElementChild.appendChild(metaEl);
var recalc = function() {
var width = docEl.clientWidth;
if (width / dpr > 750) {
width = 750 * dpr;
}
// 乘以100,px : rem = 100 : 1
docEl.style.fontSize = 100 * (width / 750) + `px`;
};
recalc()
if (!doc.addEventListener) return;
win.addEventListener(resizeEvt, recalc, false);
})(document, window);
使用:
未引入前:
body {
width: 750px;
height: 640px;
}
引入後:除以100並將px換成rem
body {
width: 7.5rem;
height: 6.4rem;
}
換算的依據:
// 乘以100,px : rem = 100 : 1
var recalc = function() {
var width = docEl.clientWidth;
if (width / dpr > 750) {
width = 750 * dpr;
}
// 乘以100,px : rem = 100 : 1
docEl.style.fontSize = 100 * (width / 750) + `px`;
};
二、淘寶做法(推薦做法,尤其是app內嵌頁面):
引入:頁面開頭處引入下面這段程式碼,用於動態計算font-size,或者單獨放入一個檔案,引入檔案也可以
;
(function(win, lib) {
var doc = win.document;
var docEl = doc.documentElement;
var metaEl = doc.querySelector(`meta[name="viewport"]`);
var flexibleEl = doc.querySelector(`meta[name="flexible"]`);
var dpr = 0;
var scale = 0;
var tid;
var flexible = lib.flexible || (lib.flexible = {});
if (metaEl) {
var match = metaEl.getAttribute(`content`).match(/initial-scale=([d.]+)/);
if (match) {
scale = parseFloat(match[1]);
dpr = parseInt(1 / scale);
}
} else if (flexibleEl) {
var content = flexibleEl.getAttribute(`content`);
if (content) {
var initialDpr = content.match(/initial-dpr=([d.]+)/);
var maximumDpr = content.match(/maximum-dpr=([d.]+)/);
if (initialDpr) {
dpr = parseFloat(initialDpr[1]);
scale = parseFloat((1 / dpr).toFixed(2));
}
if (maximumDpr) {
dpr = parseFloat(maximumDpr[1]);
scale = parseFloat((1 / dpr).toFixed(2));
}
}
}
if (!dpr && !scale) {
var isAndroid = win.navigator.appVersion.match(/android/gi);
var isIPhone = win.navigator.appVersion.match(/iphone/gi);
var devicePixelRatio = win.devicePixelRatio;
if (isIPhone) {
// iOS下,對於2和3的屏,用2倍的方案,其餘的用1倍方案
if (devicePixelRatio >= 3 && (!dpr || dpr >= 3)) {
dpr = 3;
} else if (devicePixelRatio >= 2 && (!dpr || dpr >= 2)) {
dpr = 2;
} else {
dpr = 1;
}
} else {
// 其他裝置下,仍舊使用1倍的方案
dpr = 1;
}
scale = 1 / dpr;
}
docEl.setAttribute(`data-dpr`, dpr);
if (!metaEl) {
metaEl = doc.createElement(`meta`);
metaEl.setAttribute(`name`, `viewport`);
metaEl.setAttribute(`content`, `initial-scale=` + scale + `, maximum-scale=` + scale + `, minimum-scale=` + scale + `, user-scalable=no`);
if (docEl.firstElementChild) {
docEl.firstElementChild.appendChild(metaEl);
} else {
var wrap = doc.createElement(`div`);
wrap.appendChild(metaEl);
doc.write(wrap.innerHTML);
}
}
function refreshRem() {
var width = docEl.getBoundingClientRect().width;
// 適配平板
if (width / dpr > 540) {
width = 540 * dpr;
}
var rem = width / 10;
docEl.style.fontSize = rem + `px`;
flexible.rem = win.rem = rem;
}
win.addEventListener(`resize`, function() {
clearTimeout(tid);
tid = setTimeout(refreshRem, 300);
}, false);
win.addEventListener(`pageshow`, function(e) {
if (e.persisted) {
clearTimeout(tid);
tid = setTimeout(refreshRem, 300);
}
}, false);
if (doc.readyState === `complete`) {
doc.body.style.fontSize = 12 * dpr + `px`;
} else {
doc.addEventListener(`DOMContentLoaded`, function(e) {
doc.body.style.fontSize = 12 * dpr + `px`;
}, false);
}
refreshRem();
flexible.dpr = win.dpr = dpr;
flexible.refreshRem = refreshRem;
flexible.rem2px = function(d) {
var val = parseFloat(d) * this.rem;
if (typeof d === `string` && d.match(/rem$/)) {
val += `px`;
}
return val;
}
flexible.px2rem = function(d) {
var val = parseFloat(d) / this.rem;
if (typeof d === `string` && d.match(/px$/)) {
val += `rem`;
}
return val;
}
})(window, window[`lib`] || (window[`lib`] = {}));
使用:
未引入前:
body {
width: 750px;
height: 640px;
}
引入後:
@font-size-base: 75;
body {
width: 750rem/@font-size-base;
height: 640rem/@font-size-base;
}
換算依據:
function refreshRem() {
var width = docEl.getBoundingClientRect().width;
// 適配平板
if (width / dpr > 540) {
width = 540 * dpr;
}
var rem = width / 10;
docEl.style.fontSize = rem + `px`;
flexible.rem = win.rem = rem;
}
這邊是用的less,如果您沒有用less,就需要手動計算,當然也可以轉化為px : rem = 100 : 1。
如果想轉化為px : rem = 100 : 1,可以修改上面的refreshRem函式:
function refreshRem() {
var width = docEl.getBoundingClientRect().width
// 適配平板
if (width / dpr > 750) {
width = 750 * dpr
}
var rem = 100 * (width / 750)
docEl.style.fontSize = rem + `px`
flexible.rem = win.rem = rem;
}
使用:
未引入前:
body {
width: 750px;
height: 640px;
}
引入後:除以100並將px換成rem
body {
width: 7.5rem;
height: 6.4rem;
}
換算依據就是上面修改的程式碼:
function refreshRem() {
var width = docEl.getBoundingClientRect().width
// 適配平板
if (width / dpr > 750) {
width = 750 * dpr
}
var rem = 100 * (width / 750)
docEl.style.fontSize = rem + `px`
flexible.rem = win.rem = rem;
}
具體實現原理請參照:從網易與淘寶的font-size思考前端設計稿與工作流,寫的很不錯!
希望對需要的朋友有所幫助!