轉貼：上週ORACLE RAC培訓時的安裝RAC的詳細步驟（二）

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RHEL 3 AS (U2) installation steps:                    Last Update: 17JUL04
------------------------------------        Comments: Saar.Maoz@oracle.com
                                                      Lance.Larsh@oracle.com

1. Insert the "T3 Disc 1" CD into the laptop's CD-ROM drive.

a. To set up the CD installation media for VMware, in the "Devices" panel
of the VMware window, double-click the "CD-ROM 1 (IDE 1:0)" icon.

i. Select "Use ISO image:"
ii. Click the "Browse..." button.

1. Browse to the "iso" directory on the CD-ROM and choose the
"rhel-3-U2-i386-as-disc1.iso" file.

iii. Click "OK".

2. In the VMware window, click the green arrow to start the VM.

   Note: You should NOT be rebooting your laptop here. You should only
         be starting the VM inside the VMware window on you Windows 2000
         desktop.

3. As soon as the VM starts booting up, click the "Enters Full Screen Mode"
icon on the VMware toolbar (second icon from the right).

   Note: This causes all subsequent mouse and keyboard input to be sent
         to the VM instead of Host OS. To "release" the mouse and
         keyboard (allowing input to return to Host OS), press CTRL-ALT.

   Note: If you failed a prior install mid-way and the VM doesn't boot into
         step 4 below (RedHat boot prompt) you will need to press F2 as
         soon as the virtual machine boots and change the boot order of
         the Virtual machine to be from the cd-rom:
         F2, "Boot", Locate CD-ROM and press "+" until it's at the top.
         F10, Save changes and now VM will boot from CD-ROM.

4. After entering full-screen mode, wait until the "Red Hat Enterprise Linux"
boot prompt appears.

a. Press ENTER at the "boot:" prompt.

   Note: If you don't press ENTER within 60 seconds, the installer will
         automatically go to the next step. This is ok!
   Note: If you have the ISO images setup on NFS or FTP you can do a network
         install (100Mbps or higher recommended), instead of ENTER,
         press F2 and type: linux askmethod, follow the prompts.

5. Screen: "CD Found"
a. Press TAB until "Skip" is highlighted.
b. Press ENTER.

Note: Choose "OK" instead of "Skip" if you wish to test the installation
media.

   A graphical screen will start to do the rest of the install.

6. Screen: "Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux"
   a. Click "Next".

7. Screen: "Language Selection"
a. Choose your preferred Language for running the installer.
b. Click "Next".

8. Screen: "Keyboard Configuration"

   a. Select the layout based on the following:
      In the US: You should normally choose "U.S. English"
      Elsewhere: Choose the most appropriate layout for your country.

b. Click "Next".

9. Screen: "Mouse Configuration"
a. Model: Select "3 Button Mouse (PS/2)".

   Note: Because we are using VMware, you must select the PS/2 style mouse,
          even if your laptop has a USB mouse physically installed.
          However, if we were installing on a real machine, we would
          choose the appropriate mouse type here.

   b. Device: This box should be greyed out, so no selection is necessary.
   c. Leave the "Emulate 3 buttons" checkbox unselected.
   d. Click "Next".

10. Screen: "Disk Partitioning Setup"
   a. Select "Manually partition with Disk Druid".
   b. Click "Next".
   c. Dialog box: "The partition table on device ??? was unreadable...
                   Would you like to initialize this drive?"

i. Click "Yes".

Note: This dialog box will appear 5 times: for "sda", "sdb", "sdc"
, "sdd" and "sde". Click "Yes" for each one.

11. Screen: "Disk Setup"

a. In the lower right portion of the screen, double click the "Free
space" under "/dev/sda".

      i. Mount Point: Select "/" from pulldown menu.
     ii. Filesystem Type: Leave default "ext3" selected.
    iii. Leave all other options unchanged.
     iv. Click "OK".

b. In the lower right portion of the screen, double click the "Free
space" under "/dev/sdb".

      i. Mount Point: Leave this field blank.
     ii. Filesystem Type: Select "swap" from the pulldown menu.
    iii. Leave all other options unchanged.
     iv. Click "OK".

c. In the lower right portion of the screen, double click the "Free
space" under "/dev/sdc".

      i. Mount Point: Type in "/opt/oracle".
     ii. Filesystem Type: Leave default "ext3" selected.
    iii. Leave all other options unchanged.
     iv. Click "OK".

   d. Leave "/dev/sdd" & "/dev/sde" unpartitioned. We'll deal with them later
        sdd will be for OCFS data
        sde will be for raw device practice

e. Click "Next".

12. Screen: "Boot Loader Configuration"
   a. The GRUB boot loader should be selected by default.
   b. Leave the "Use a boot loader password" checkbox unselected.
   c. Leave the "Configure advanced boot loader options" checkbox unselected.
   d. Click "Next".

13. Screen: "Network Configuration"

a. Network Devices

      i. Select "eth0" and click "Edit".
         1. De-select "Configure using DHCP".
         2. Leave "Activate on boot" selected.
         3. IP Address: Enter "192.168.203.11".
         4. Netmask: Enter "255.255.255.0".
         5. Click "Ok".

     ii. Select "eth1" and click "Edit".
         1. De-select "Configure using DHCP".
         2. Select "Activate on boot".
         3. IP Address: Enter "10.10.10.11".
         4. Netmask: Enter "255.255.255.0".
         5. Click "Ok".

b. Hostname

i. Select "manually"
ii. Enter "raclinux1.us.oracle.com".

         Note: Always enter a fully-qualified domain name for the server
               hostname, otherwise some Oracle products may not work
               properly.

c. Miscellaneous Settings

      i. Gateway: Enter "192.168.203.2".
     ii. Primary DNS: Enter "130.35.249.41".
    iii. Secondary DNS: Enter "130.35.249.52".
     iv. Ternary DNS: Enter "138.2.202.15".

      Note: The three DNS servers given above are for the Oracle US East
             region and are only available within the Oracle intranet. If
             you run this machine outside the Oracle intranet, you will
             need to use different DNS servers. If you need to change
             the DNS servers after installation is complete, you can edit
             the list in /etc/resolv.conf.

d. Click "Next".

14. Screen: "Firewall Configuration"
a. Select "No firewall".

      Note: In this class, we have chosen "No firewall" to simplify
            configuration. In a real-world Oracle installation, choose
            the firewall configuration that is most appropriate for the
            security policies where the server is being deployed.

b. Click "Next".

15. Screen: "Additional Language Support"
a. Select any additional languages you may want to use on this server.
b. Click "Next".

16. Screen: "Time Zone Selection"
   a. Select the most appropriate time-zone from the list at the bottom or
      on the graphical map at the top.
   b. Leave the "System clock uses UTC" checkbox unselected.
   c. Click "Next".

17. Screen: "Set Root Password"
a. Root Password/Confirm: Enter "oracle".
b. Click "Next".

18. Screen: "Package Installation Defaults"
a. Select "Customize the set of packages to be installed"
b. Click "Next".

19. Screen: "Package Group Selection"
   a. Under the "Applications" heading:
      i. Select "Editors".
     ii. Click "Details" to the right of the "Editors" entry.
         1. De-select the "Emacs" checkbox (to save space).
         2. Click "OK".

   b. Under the "Servers" heading:
      i. Select "FTP Server"
     ii. Select "Legacy Network Server"
    iii. Click "Details" to the right
     iv. Select "telnet-server" & "rsh-server"
         Not needed for 10g, but some folks like to have these installed.
      v. Click "Close"

   c. Under the "Development" heading:
      i. Select "Development Tools".
     ii. Select "Legacy Software Development".

      Note: You MUST include these software development package options
             here for any server which will have Oracle software installed.
             Without the "Software Development" option installed, the
             installation of Oracle software will fail.

   d. Under the "System" heading:
      i. Select "System Tools".
     ii. Click "Details" to the right of the "System Tools" entry.
         1. Scroll down under "Optional Packages" and select the "sysstat"
            checkbox.
         2. Click "OK".

   e. Click "Next".

      NOTE: If you forget any of the packages during steps above you
            can always add them to the running system by pressing the
            Fedora (Red Hat icon) -> System Settings -> Add Remove
                                                           Applications.
            Or launch redhat-config-packages, Or using rpm -Uhv *.rpm

20. Screen: "About to Install"
a. Click "Next".

21. Screen: "Installing Packages"

   a. After formatting the filesystems (a few minutes), CD will be done.
   b. Dialog box: "Please insert disc 2 to continue."
      i. Press CTRL-ALT to leave full-screen mode.
     ii. Eject the current CD and insert "T3 Disc 2".
    iii. Select "Edit" --&gt "Virtual Machine Settings..." from the VMware
         menu (or press CTRL-D) to open the "Virtual Machine Settings".
         1. Click the "CD-ROM 1 (IDE 1:0)" icon.
         2. Click the "Browse..." button under "Use ISO image:" and choose
            the "rhel-3-U2-i386-as-disc2.iso" file in the CD's "iso" directory.
         3. Click "OK".
     iv. Click the "Enters Full Screen Mode" icon on the VMware toolbar.
      v. Click "OK".

   c. After ~1289MB/499 packages completed (about 30 min), CD will be done.
   d. Dialog box: "Please insert disc 3 to continue."
      i. Repeat step '21.b.' above, using the "rhel-3-U2-i386-as-disc3.iso" file
         on the "T3 Disc 3" CD.

   e. After ~1788MB/658 packages completed (about 10 min), CD will be done.
   f. Dialog box: "Please insert disc 4 to continue."
      i. Repeat step '21.b.' above, using the "rhel-3-U2-i386-as-disc4.iso" file
         on the "T3 Disc 1" CD. (Note: we're going back to the first CD!)

   g. After ~1788MB/658 packages completed (about 1 min), CD will be done.
   h. Dialog box: "Please insert disc 1 to continue."
      i. Repeat step '21.b.' above, using the "rhel-3-U2-i386-as-disc1.iso"
         file on the "T3 Disc 1" CD. (Note: this is the same CD that's
         already in the drive!)

i. Files will continue copying for about 1 more minute.

22. Screen: "Graphical Interface (X) Configuration"
   a. Leave "VMWare" selected.
   b. Leave "Video Card RAM" at the default.
   c. Leave the "Skip X configuration" checkbox unselected.
   d. Click "Next".

23. Screen: "Monitor Configuration"
   a. For a laptop display, expand the "Generic LCD Display" category.
   b. Choose "LCD Panel 1024x768" (or the most appropriate size for your
      display.
   c. Click "Next".

24. Screen: "Customize Graphics Configuration"
   a. Color Depth: Select "High Color (16 Bit)".
   b. Screen Resolution: Select the screen resolution you prefer.
   c. Click "Next".

25. Screen: "Congratulations"
a. Click "Exit".
b. CD will eject automatically and Linux will reboot.

26. (After reboot) Screen: "Welcome"
a. Click "Next".

27. Screen: "License Agreement"
a. Select "Yes, I agree to the License Agreement".
b. Click "Next".

28. Screen: "Date and Time"
   a. Adjust the current date and time if necessary.
   b. Leave the "Enable Network Time Protocol" checkbox unselected.
   c. Click "Next".

29. Screen: "User Account"
   a. Leave all fields blank. We'll create the oracle user later.
   b. Click "Next".
   c. Dialog Box: "Warning..."
      i. Click "Continue".

30. Screen: "Sound Card"
a. Click "Next".

31. Screen: "Red Hat Network"
a. Select "No, I do not want to register my system."
b. Click "Next".

32. Screen: "Additional CDs"
a. Click "Next".

33. Screen: "Finish Setup"
a. Click "Next".

Linux will continue booting and present a graphical login prompt.

34. Log in as root/oracle.

a. Start a terminal window (Main Menu --&gt System Tools --&gt Terminal).
b. To create the oracle user and groups:

i. Create the Oracle user, as root:

groupadd -g 500 dba
groupadd -g 501 oinstall
useradd -u 500 -g dba -G oinstall -m -s /bin/bash oracle

     ii. Set password "passwd oracle".
         1. At the "New password:" prompt, enter "oracle".
         2. Ignore the "BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word"
            warning.
         3. At the "Retype new password:" prompt, enter "oracle" again.

   c. To confirm the IP addresses are set correctly:
      i. Public interface (eth0)
         1. Run "ifconfig eth0".
     ii. Private interface (eth1)
         1. Run "ifconfig eth1".

NOTE: If you only see 1 NIC confirm the device is marked to be active
when machine boots both in VMware and RedHat (run "# neat")

   d. Edit /etc/hosts:

      i. Run "vi /etc/hosts" -OR- "nedit /etc/hosts".
     ii. Clean the 127.0.0.1 line to match the sample below.
    iii. Add 6 new lines as in sample below:

127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain   localhost
10.10.10.11     raclocal1.us.oracle.com raclocal1
10.10.10.12     raclocal2.us.oracle.com raclocal2
192.168.203.11 raclinux1.us.oracle.com raclinux1
192.168.203.12 raclinux2.us.oracle.com raclinux2
192.168.203.111 raclinux1-vip.us.oracle.com raclinux1-vip
192.168.203.112 raclinux2-vip.us.oracle.com raclinux2-vip

Note: Above step could also be performed using the GUI network
configuration tool:

          gnome (Start)-> Programs->System->Network Configuration
          -OR-
          # /usr/sbin/redhat-config-network

e. Modify kernel parameters to match Oracle10g requirements:

i. Run "vi /etc/sysctl.conf" -OR- "nedit /etc/sysctl.conf".
ii. Add the following lines to the end of the file:

fs.file-max = 65536
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range= 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144

    iii. Run "sysctl -p" to make the changes take effect.

   f. (Optional) VMWARE SPECIFIC: Although RHEL3 includes video driver
       for vmware they offer less functionality than the ones supplied by
       vmware software. To install the better drivers (Allow shrinking of
       virtual disks, synchronized timing with Host OS, etc) from vmware
       called "VMware Tools" do this:

       1. Switch to run level 3 (no GUI), typically needed to
          install VMware tools:

          # telinit 3

       2. Press CTRL-ALT to release the mouse and keyboard from the VM.

3. From VMware's "File" or "VM" menu, choose "Install VMware Tools.."

4. Dialog box: "Installing the VMware Tools package..."
Click "Install". (Allows a virtual cdrom mount on /mnt/cdrom)

       5. Click inside the VMware window to assign mouse/keyboard to Linux.
       6. Log-in as root
       7. mount /mnt/cdrom
       8. # cd
       9. tar xvfz /mnt/cdrom/vmware-linux-tools.tar.gz

      10. # cd vmware-tools-distrib

      11. ./vmware-install.pl

          Accept ALL defaults by pressing ENTER, about 8 times. After the GREEN OK
          Say NO to: "Do you want this program to build vmhgfs..."
          Finally select resolution, start with 800x600 and increase if needed
          by runing /usr/bin/vmware-config-tools.pl again.

      12. Restart the GUI

          # telinit 5

   g. (Optional) Tell VMware to synchronize time with the Host OS.

       # vmware-toolbox

       Click "Options" and select "Time synchronization..."
       Close

       NOTE: This is the utility you will use to shrink the virtual
             disks after long usage or massive deletes to reclaim
             disk space on the host OS.

   h. (Optional) To save some memory and speed up startup slightly,
      you can disable printing services (cups) and email (sendmail)

       # chkconfig cups     --level 35 off
       # chkconfig sendmail --level 35 off

       Above will take effect at the next reboot. To shut these now you can
       issue:

       # /etc/init.d/cups     stop
       # /etc/init.d/sendmail stop

   i. (Optional) Enable ftp daemon inside the VM:

      i. (Optional) Make changes in: /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf for anonymous
         ftp, uncomment:

         anon_upload_enable=YES
         anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES

     ii. (Optional) Allow ftp upload:

         # chown ftp /var/ftp/pub

         NOTE: The directory for anonymous/ftp connections is that of the
               ftp user (/var/ftp/pub)

    iii. Start vsftpd daemon now:

         # service vsftpd start

     vi. Enable vsftpd on next reboot:

         # chkconfig --level 35 vsftpd on

   j. (Optional) To enable telnet server, NOT RECOMMENDED use ssh instead!

      i. Make sure telnet-server rpm is installed "rpm -qa|grep telnet-server"
     ii. vi /etc/xinetd.d/telnet, change "disable=yes" to "disable=no"
    iii. Restart xinetd daemon as root: "# service xinetd restart"

   k. (Optional) To enable rsh & rlogin, NOT RECOMMENDED use ssh instead!

      i. Make sure rsh-server rpm is installed "rpm -qa|grep rsh-server"
     ii. vi /etc/xinetd.d/rsh & rlogin, change "disable=yes" to "disable=no"
    iii. Restart xinetd daemon as root: "# service xinetd restart"
     iv. For passwordless connection, create $HOME/.rhosts with node names

   l. (Optional) VMware has an optional "share-folder" feature between guest
      and host OS, to enable:

      i. Create a shared folder on host, for example: c:vmware_shared
         Choose that folder: "VM->Settings->Options->Shared Folders->Add.."

     ii. You need a special kernel module loaded inside the VM called "vmhgfs"
         It comes pre-built with VMWare Tools, but only for RHEL3-U1
         We will trick vmware into loading the pre-built rpm on U2

         # cd /usr/lib/vmware-tools/modules/binary
         # cp -r up-2.4.21-9.i686-RHAS3.0 up-2.4.21-15.i686-RHAS3.0
         # cd up-2.4.21-15.i686-RHAS3.0

         vi or nedit properties file
         change "9" to "15" and save changes, in vi use "x!"

    iii. Load the kernel module by running:

         # vmware-config-tools.pl

         NOTE: You can verify it worked: lsmod|grep hgfs (Should show 1 line)

     iv. Use the shared folder inside the Guest OS:

         $ cd /mnt/hgfs/
         $ ls              (Should show a list of shared folders)

         Any files you place under these shared folders will show up on host OS.

         If you don't set this up then use ftp/nfs/samba to share files.

   m. (Optional) To enable Copy/Past from the Linux VM to Windows you have to
       have the vmware-tool box running in the background. One way of doing it
       is by running it as a desktop startup program.

       RedHat -> Preferences -> More Preferences -> Sessions, Click the Startup
       Programs Tab and enter this command to start:

       vmware-toolbox --iconify --minimize

       Follow the same procedure for the Oracle user once you are logged in to
       its desktop.

   n. Log out of the GUI, since you are the root user (Main Menu --&gt Log Out):
      i. Leave the "Save current setup" checkbox unselected.
     ii. Action: Select "Log Out" or "Reboot" whichever you prefer.
    iii. Click "OK".

-- Done RHEL 3 U2 install

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轉貼：上週ORACLE RAC培訓時的安裝RAC的詳細步驟（二）

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