方案理念--四化理念
-
資料規格化
-
處理自動化
-
資訊集中化
-
操作人性化
架構
通過檢視實現來至兩個不同資料庫的表的結構完全一致, 在結構完全相同的兩個表之間進行資料同步, 問題變得相當簡單. 同步程式碼如下.
ETL
---初始同步
delete from ods_table;
insert into v_table
select * from db_table;
commit;
---新增同步
insert into v_table
select * from db_table t
where t.id not in (select id from v_table);
commit;
---變更同步
update ods_table t
set t.c_number = (select db.c_number from db_table db where db.id = t.id)
where t.c_number != (select db.c_number from db_table db where db.id = t.id);
commit;
實現兩個表結構完全一致的方法如下
---建表
CREATE SEQUENCE SEQ_ETL_INCREASE_ID
INCREMENT BY 1
START WITH 1
NOCACHE;
/*==============================================================*/
/* Table: ETL_TABLES */
/*==============================================================*/
CREATE TABLE ETL_TABLES (
"ID" NUMBER DEFAULT -1 NOT NULL,
"TABLE_NAME" VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
"TABLE_TYPE" VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL,
"TABLE_ROOT_IN" VARCHAR2(30),
"TABLE_NEED_CREATE_VIEW" NUMBER DEFAULT 1,
"TABLE_CREATE_VIEW_NAME_PREFIX" VARCHAR2(30) DEFAULT 'v',
"DB_LINK_NAME" VARCHAR2(100),
"CURRENT_VERSION" NUMBER DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL,
"VERSION_HISTORY" VARCHAR2(3000) DEFAULT 'init input' NOT NULL,
"DEVELOP_DATE" DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE NOT NULL,
"DEVELOP_BY" VARCHAR2(100) DEFAULT 'cyyan@isoftstone' NOT NULL,
"LAST_MAINTAIN_DATE" DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE NOT NULL,
"LAST_MAINTAIN_BY" VARCHAR2(100) DEFAULT 'cyyan@isoftstone' NOT NULL,
"MEMO" VARCHAR2(500),
"STATUS" NUMBER DEFAULT 1,
CONSTRAINT PK_ETL_TABLES PRIMARY KEY ("ID")
);
COMMENT ON TABLE ETL_TABLES IS
'此表用於維護ETL涉及到所有表, 包括:
1, db---業務系統資料庫
2, ods---運算元據資料庫
3, dw---資料倉儲';
/*==============================================================*/
/* Table: ETL_VIEWS */
/*==============================================================*/
CREATE TABLE ETL_VIEWS (
"ID" NUMBER DEFAULT -1 NOT NULL,
"VIEW_NAME" VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
"VIEW_TYPE" VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL,
"VIEW_ROOT_IN" VARCHAR2(30),
"VIEW_SELECT" VARCHAR2(4000) NOT NULL,
"VIEW_FROM" VARCHAR2(600) NOT NULL,
"VIEW_WHERE" VARCHAR2(2000),
"VIEW_ORDER_BY" VARCHAR2(600),
"VIEW_GROUP_BY" VARCHAR2(600),
"VIEW_HAVING" VARCHAR2(600),
"VIEW_DB_LINK_NAME" VARCHAR2(100),
"CURRENT_VERSION" NUMBER DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL,
"VERSION_HISTORY" VARCHAR2(3000) DEFAULT 'init input' NOT NULL,
"DEVELOP_DATE" DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE NOT NULL,
"DEVELOP_BY" VARCHAR2(100) DEFAULT 'cyyan@isoftstone' NOT NULL,
"LAST_MAINTAIN_DATE" DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE NOT NULL,
"LAST_MAINTAIN_BY" VARCHAR2(100) DEFAULT 'cyyan@isoftstone' NOT NULL,
"MEMO" VARCHAR2(500),
"STATUS" NUMBER DEFAULT 1,
CONSTRAINT PK_ETL_VIEWS PRIMARY KEY ("ID")
);
COMMENT ON TABLE ETL_VIEWS IS
'此表用於維護ETL涉及到所有檢視, 包括:
1, v1---db表中與ods對應到檢視
2, v2---ods表中與db對應到檢視
3, v3---ods表中與dw對應到檢視
4, v4---dw表中與ods中對應到檢視';
/*==============================================================*/
/* Table: ETLS */
/*==============================================================*/
CREATE TABLE ETLS (
"ID" NUMBER NOT NULL,
"ETL_NAME" VARCHAR2(300) NOT NULL,
"ETL_TYPE" VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL,
"ETL_SRC_VIEW_OR_TABLE" NUMBER NOT NULL,
"ETL_DES_VIEW_OR_TABLE" NUMBER NOT NULL,
"ETL_INIT_ENABLE" NUMBER(1) DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL,
"ETL_ADD_ENABLE" NUMBER(1) DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL,
"ETL_CHARGE_ENABLE" NUMBER(1) DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL,
"CURRENT_VERSION" NUMBER DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL,
"VERSION_HISTORY" VARCHAR2(3000) DEFAULT 'init input' NOT NULL,
"DEVELOP_DATE" DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE NOT NULL,
"DEVELOP_BY" VARCHAR2(100) DEFAULT 'cyyan@isoftstone' NOT NULL,
"LAST_MAINTAIN_DATE" DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE NOT NULL,
"LAST_MAINTAIN_BY" VARCHAR2(100) DEFAULT 'cyyan@isoftstone' NOT NULL,
"MEMO" VARCHAR2(500),
"STATUS" NUMBER DEFAULT 1,
CONSTRAINT PK_ETLS PRIMARY KEY ("ID")
);
COMMENT ON TABLE ETLS IS
'此表用於維護ETL轉換時設計到源表和目的表
源表(或檢視)--->目的表(或檢視)-
(推薦全部使用檢視, 檢視具有更過到靈活性, 而且更統一)
整體架構是在完全相同兩張表(或檢視)之間進行同步處理
規範:
1, 源表(或檢視)-和目的表(或檢視)-完全相同
2, 目的檢視必須是單表';
--儲存過程
/*==============================================================*/
/* Database name: %DATABASE% */
/* DBMS name: ORACLE Version 10g */
/* Created on: 2009-2-1 23:29:27 */
/*==============================================================*/
-- INTEGRITY PACKAGE DECLARATION
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE INTEGRITYPACKAGE AS
PROCEDURE INITNESTLEVEL;
FUNCTION GETNESTLEVEL RETURN NUMBER;
PROCEDURE NEXTNESTLEVEL;
PROCEDURE PREVIOUSNESTLEVEL;
END INTEGRITYPACKAGE;
/
-- INTEGRITY PACKAGE DEFINITION
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY INTEGRITYPACKAGE AS
NESTLEVEL NUMBER;
-- PROCEDURE TO INITIALIZE THE TRIGGER NEST LEVEL
PROCEDURE INITNESTLEVEL IS
BEGIN
NESTLEVEL := 0;
END;
-- FUNCTION TO RETURN THE TRIGGER NEST LEVEL
FUNCTION GETNESTLEVEL RETURN NUMBER IS
BEGIN
IF NESTLEVEL IS NULL THEN
NESTLEVEL := 0;
END IF;
RETURN(NESTLEVEL);
END;
-- PROCEDURE TO INCREASE THE TRIGGER NEST LEVEL
PROCEDURE NEXTNESTLEVEL IS
BEGIN
IF NESTLEVEL IS NULL THEN
NESTLEVEL := 0;
END IF;
NESTLEVEL := NESTLEVEL + 1;
END;
-- PROCEDURE TO DECREASE THE TRIGGER NEST LEVEL
PROCEDURE PREVIOUSNESTLEVEL IS
BEGIN
NESTLEVEL := NESTLEVEL - 1;
END;
END INTEGRITYPACKAGE;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE PRO_CREATE_VIEW_BY_ETL_VIEWS
AS
--------------PRO_CREATE_VIEW_BY_ETL_VIEWS------------------------
-- CREATED ON 2009-2-1 BY CYYAN@ISOFTSTONE
-- 功能 : 根據ETL_VIEWS中到資料生成檢視
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VIEW_CREATE_CODE VARCHAR2(10000); --生成檢視到程式碼
VIEW_NAME VARCHAR2(100); --檢視名稱
VIEW_SELECT VARCHAR2(4000); --檢視的SELECT部分
VIEW_FROM VARCHAR2(300); --檢視的FROM部分
VIEW_WHERE VARCHAR2(3000); --檢視的WHERE部分
VIEW_ORDER_BY VARCHAR2(600); --檢視的ORDER BY部分
VIEW_GROUP_BY VARCHAR2(600); --檢視的GROUP BY部分
VIEW_HAVING VARCHAR2(600); --檢視的HAVING部分
VIEW_DB_LINK_NAME VARCHAR2(100); --檢視的DB LINK部分
ROW_COUNT NUMBER; --行數
CURSOR ETL_VIEWS_CURSOR IS --提取建立檢視需要到資訊
SELECT VIEW_NAME, VIEW_SELECT, VIEW_FROM, VIEW_WHERE, VIEW_ORDER_BY, VIEW_GROUP_BY, VIEW_HAVING, VIEW_DB_LINK_NAME FROM ETL_VIEWS T WHERE T.CURRENT_VERSION = (SELECT MAX(T2.CURRENT_VERSION) FROM ETL_VIEWS T2 WHERE T.VIEW_NAME = T2.VIEW_NAME);
BEGIN
-- 統計行數
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO ROW_COUNT FROM ETL_VIEWS T WHERE T.CURRENT_VERSION = (SELECT MAX(T2.CURRENT_VERSION) FROM ETL_VIEWS T2 WHERE T.VIEW_NAME = T2.VIEW_NAME);
OPEN ETL_VIEWS_CURSOR; --開啟遊標
FOR I IN 1 .. ROW_COUNT LOOP --遍歷
FETCH ETL_VIEWS_CURSOR
INTO VIEW_NAME, VIEW_SELECT, VIEW_FROM, VIEW_WHERE, VIEW_ORDER_BY, VIEW_GROUP_BY, VIEW_HAVING, VIEW_DB_LINK_NAME;
---拼接建立檢視到語句
VIEW_CREATE_CODE := 'create or replace view ' || VIEW_NAME || ' as select ' || VIEW_SELECT || ' from ' || VIEW_FROM;
IF VIEW_DB_LINK_NAME IS NOT NULL THEN
VIEW_CREATE_CODE := VIEW_CREATE_CODE || '@' || VIEW_DB_LINK_NAME;
END IF;
IF VIEW_WHERE IS NOT NULL THEN
VIEW_CREATE_CODE := VIEW_CREATE_CODE || ' where ' || VIEW_WHERE;
END IF;
IF VIEW_ORDER_BY IS NOT NULL THEN
VIEW_CREATE_CODE := VIEW_CREATE_CODE || ' order by ' || VIEW_ORDER_BY;
END IF;
IF VIEW_GROUP_BY IS NOT NULL THEN
VIEW_CREATE_CODE := VIEW_CREATE_CODE || ' group by ' || VIEW_GROUP_BY;
END IF;
IF VIEW_HAVING IS NOT NULL THEN
VIEW_CREATE_CODE := VIEW_CREATE_CODE || ' having ' || VIEW_HAVING;
END IF;
--輸出建立語句
--DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(VIEW_CREATE_CODE);
--DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('');
--執行建立檢視
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE VIEW_CREATE_CODE;
END LOOP;
CLOSE ETL_VIEWS_CURSOR; --關閉遊標
END;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE PRO_INSERT_INTO_ETL_VIEWS
AS
--ADD BY CYYAN@ISOFTSTONE
--2009年2月1日21:33:37
---此儲存過程用於 將ETL_TABLE中標識需要建立VIEW 到TABLE, 進行自動提起轉換到ETL_VIEWS中.
--處理過程用到啦系統表COL從此表中獲取列名
TABLE_NAME VARCHAR2(100); --表名
COL_NAME VARCHAR2(100); --列名
TABLE_COUNT NUMBER; --表到行數
--COL_COUNT NUMBER; --列數
ETL_VIEWS_INSERT_CODE VARCHAR2(600); --插入語句到 INSERT部分
ETL_VIEWS_VALUES_CODE VARCHAR2(16000); --插入語句到VALUES部分
--ETL_VIEWS的到列
VIEW_NAME_PREFIX VARCHAR2(30);--實體名到字首
TABLE_TYPE VARCHAR2(30); --表型別 如 DB, ODS, DW
TABLE_ROOT_IN VARCHAR2(30); --表來源, 來自那個系統, 如資金系統"NHZJ", 財務系統"NHCW"
VIEW_SELECT VARCHAR2(10000); --VIEW 語句到SELECT部分, 這個需要遍歷一個表到所有列
DB_LINK_NAME VARCHAR2(100);
CURRENT_VERSION VARCHAR2(600); --版本部分, 這裡沒更新, 只要全部刪除, 或不斷插入, 此欄位定義了版本, 沒有變更都形成新到版本, 取值是取最大值
CURSOR_NUMBER NUMBER;
COL_SELECT_SQL VARCHAR2(100);
RETURN_VALUE NUMBER;
--從ETL_TABLES中查詢需要生成檢視到表
CURSOR DB_TABLES_CURSOR IS
SELECT UPPER(TABLE_NAME), T.TABLE_TYPE, T.TABLE_ROOT_IN, T.TABLE_CREATE_VIEW_NAME_PREFIX, DB_LINK_NAME FROM ETL_TABLES T WHERE (UPPER(T.TABLE_TYPE) = 'DB' OR UPPER(T.TABLE_TYPE) = 'DW' ) AND T.TABLE_NEED_CREATE_VIEW = 1;
--CURSOR_NUMBER NUMBER; --遊標 OLD WAY 執行需要, NEW WAY 不需要
--RETURN_VALUE NUMBER; --執行後返回值 OLD WAY 執行需要, NEW WAY 不需要
BEGIN
-- TEST STATEMENTS HERE
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO TABLE_COUNT FROM ETL_TABLES T WHERE (UPPER(T.TABLE_TYPE) = 'DB' OR UPPER(T.TABLE_TYPE) = 'DW' ) AND T.TABLE_NEED_CREATE_VIEW = 1;
--構造INSERT部分
ETL_VIEWS_INSERT_CODE := 'insert into etl_views(view_name, view_type, view_root_in, view_select, view_from, current_version, VIEW_DB_LINK_NAME) ';
OPEN DB_TABLES_CURSOR;
FOR I IN 1 .. TABLE_COUNT LOOP --表遍歷
FETCH DB_TABLES_CURSOR
INTO TABLE_NAME, TABLE_TYPE, TABLE_ROOT_IN, VIEW_NAME_PREFIX, DB_LINK_NAME;
--構造VALUES部分
ETL_VIEWS_VALUES_CODE := 'values(''' || VIEW_NAME_PREFIX || TABLE_NAME || ''', ''' || TABLE_TYPE || ''', ''' || TABLE_ROOT_IN || '''';
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT(TABLE_NAME);
/* 使用CURSOR遍歷列到方法 不適用於DB_LINK
--準備遍歷列
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO COL_COUNT FROM COL@DB_LINK_NHZJ WHERE COL.TNAME = UPPER(TABLE_NAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' table has ' || COL_COUNT || ' cols');
DECLARE
CURSOR COLS_CURSOR IS
SELECT C.CNAME FROM COL@DB_LINK_NHZJ C WHERE C.TNAME = UPPER(TABLE_NAME);
BEGIN
OPEN COLS_CURSOR;
VIEW_SELECT := '';
--下面用逗號拼接列
FETCH COLS_CURSOR --遍歷第一列
INTO COL_NAME;
VIEW_SELECT := VIEW_SELECT || COL_NAME;
FOR J IN 2 .. COL_COUNT LOOP --遍歷後面到列
FETCH COLS_CURSOR
INTO COL_NAME;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' ' || COL_NAME);
VIEW_SELECT := VIEW_SELECT || ', ' || COL_NAME;
END LOOP;
CLOSE COLS_CURSOR;
END;
--DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(VIEW_SELECT);
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(ETL_VIEWS_VALUES_CODE);
*/
/* 使用 DBMS_SQL */
-- ANOTHER WAY USER DBMS_SQL PACKAGE
COL_SELECT_SQL := 'select t.cname from sys.col@' || DB_LINK_NAME || ' T where T.tname = ''' || TABLE_NAME || '''';
--SQL_CODE := 'select t.cname from sys.col T where T.tname = ''' || TABLE_NAME || '''';
CURSOR_NUMBER := DBMS_SQL.OPEN_CURSOR();
DBMS_SQL.PARSE(CURSOR_NUMBER, COL_SELECT_SQL, DBMS_SQL.NATIVE);
DBMS_SQL.DEFINE_COLUMN(CURSOR_NUMBER,1,COL_NAME, 100);
RETURN_VALUE := DBMS_SQL.EXECUTE(CURSOR_NUMBER);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' RETURN_VALUE = ' || RETURN_VALUE);
RETURN_VALUE := DBMS_SQL.FETCH_ROWS(CURSOR_NUMBER); --獲取第一列
DBMS_SQL.COLUMN_VALUE(CURSOR_NUMBER,1,COL_NAME);
VIEW_SELECT := COL_NAME;
WHILE DBMS_SQL.FETCH_ROWS(CURSOR_NUMBER)<>0 LOOP ---遍歷其它到列
DBMS_SQL.COLUMN_VALUE(CURSOR_NUMBER,1,COL_NAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(COL_NAME);
VIEW_SELECT := VIEW_SELECT || ', ' || COL_NAME;
END LOOP;
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('VIEW_SELECT : ' || VIEW_SELECT);
DBMS_SQL.CLOSE_CURSOR(CURSOR_NUMBER);
--生成最新到版本號: 檢視名稱是唯一的
SELECT NVL(MAX(CURRENT_VERSION),0) + 1 INTO CURRENT_VERSION FROM ETL_VIEWS V WHERE V.VIEW_NAME = VIEW_NAME_PREFIX || TABLE_NAME;
ETL_VIEWS_VALUES_CODE := ETL_VIEWS_VALUES_CODE || CHR(10) || ', ''' || VIEW_SELECT || '''' || CHR(10) || ', ''' || TABLE_NAME || ''', ''' || CURRENT_VERSION || ''', ''' || DB_LINK_NAME || ''')';
--輸出插入到語句
--DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(ETL_VIEWS_INSERT_CODE);
--DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(ETL_VIEWS_VALUES_CODE);
--DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('');
--DBMS_STANDARD.
--執行插入語句
-- NEW WAY
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE ETL_VIEWS_INSERT_CODE || ETL_VIEWS_VALUES_CODE;
/*
-- OLD WAY
CURSOR_NUMBER := DBMS_SQL.OPEN_CURSOR();
DBMS_SQL.PARSE(CURSOR_NUMBER, ETL_VIEWS_INSERT_CODE, DBMS_SQL.NATIVE);
RETURN_VALUE := DBMS_SQL.EXECUTE(CURSOR_NUMBER);
DBMS_SQL.CLOSE_CURSOR(CURSOR_NUMBER);
*/
END LOOP;
COMMIT; --提交
CLOSE DB_TABLES_CURSOR; --關閉遊標
--EXCEPTION
--ROLLBACK;
END;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TRG_ID_ON_ETLS
BEFORE INSERT ON ETLS
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
-- NOTHING
BEGIN
SELECT SEQ_ETL_INCREASE_ID.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.ID FROM DUAL;
END TRIGGER_ID_INCREASE;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TRG_ID_ON_ETL_TABLES
BEFORE INSERT ON ETL_TABLES
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
-- NOTHING
BEGIN
SELECT SEQ_ETL_INCREASE_ID.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.ID FROM DUAL;
END TRIGGER_ID_INCREASE;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TRG_ID_ON_ETL_VIEWS
BEFORE INSERT ON ETL_VIEWS
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
-- NOTHING
BEGIN
SELECT SEQ_ETL_INCREASE_ID.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.ID FROM DUAL;
END TRIGGER_ID_INCREASE;
/
引用：http://pipe-line.iteye.com/blog/321719
來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ，連結：http://blog.itpub.net/29439655/viewspace-1399266/，如需轉載，請註明出處，否則將追究法律責任。