Oracle Linux5.3上安裝資料庫

1、檢查作業系統版本

[root@ora10g ~]# uname -a

Linux ora10g.localdomain 2.6.18-164.el5 #1 SMP Thu Sep 3 02:16:47 EDT 2009 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

[root@ora10g ~]# lsb_release -a

LSB Version: :core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch

Distributor ID: EnterpriseEnterpriseServer

Description: Enterprise Linux Enterprise Linux Server release 5.4 (Carthage)

Release: 5.4

Codename: Carthage

2、檢查記憶體大小

[root@ora10g ~]# free

total used free shared buffers cached

Mem: 1035140 339916 695224 0 19824 267012

-/+ buffers/cache: 53080 982060

Swap: 2096440 0 2096440

3、檢查磁碟空間利用率，

我們打算在 /orasoft 安裝資料庫軟體

我們打算在 /oradata 目錄中存放資料檔案和歸檔日誌

[root@ora10g ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda7 4.7G 3.0G 1.6G 66% /

/dev/sda6 2.0G 36M 1.9G 2% /tmp

/dev/sda3 4.9G 139M 4.5G 3% /orasoft

/dev/sda2 5.8G 141M 5.4G 3% /oradata

/dev/sda1 190M 12M 170M 7% /boot

tmpfs 506M 0 506M 0% /dev/shm

4、建立相關的使用者及使用者組和相關目錄，並修改許可權和所有者及所屬組

[root@ora10g ~]# groupadd dba

[root@ora10g ~]# groupadd oinstall

[root@ora10g ~]# useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba -d /orasoft/home oracle

[root@ora10g ~]# passwd oracle

Changing password for user oracle.

New UNIX password:

BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

[root@ora10g ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /orasoft/ /oradata/

[root@ora10g ~]# chmod -R 755 /orasoft/ /oradata/

[root@ora10g ~]# cd/

-bash: cd/: No such file or directory

[root@ora10g ~]# cd /

[root@ora10g /]# ls -rtl

total 162

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 2009 srv

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 2009 opt

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 2009 mnt

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 2009 media

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 2009 home

drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Nov 16 22:40 lost+found

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 16 22:41 selinux

drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Nov 16 22:46 usr

drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Nov 16 22:49 tftpboot

drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 1024 Nov 16 22:52 boot

drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 4096 Nov 16 22:53 lib

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 16 22:53 bin

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 12288 Nov 16 22:53 sbin

drwxr-xr-x 23 root root 4096 Nov 16 22:58 var

drwxr-xr-x 3 oracle oinstall 4096 Nov 16 23:00 oradata

dr-xr-xr-x 94 root root 0 Nov 16 23:30 proc

drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 0 Nov 16 23:30 sys

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 16 23:31 misc

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 16 23:31 net

drwxrwxrwt 7 root root 4096 Nov 16 23:31 tmp

drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 3580 Nov 16 23:31 dev

drwxr-x--- 6 root root 4096 Nov 16 23:39 root

drwxr-xr-x 4 oracle oinstall 4096 Nov 16 23:46 orasoft

drwxr-xr-x 99 root root 12288 Nov 16 23:46 etc

4、修改核心引數

在檔案最後新增如下內容,相關引數介紹將會在後期的oracle安裝引數詳解中進行介紹，有興趣的朋友可以繼續關注

[root@ora10g /]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

--這部分為共享記憶體引數設定

kernel.shmall = 2097152 --共享記憶體段最大頁數

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 --單個共享記憶體段大小的上限位元組數

kernel.shmmni = 4096 --共享記憶體段的最小長度

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 --訊號量四個值分別代表：semmsl,semmns,semopm,semmni

fs.file-max = 65536 --配置系統中開啟的最大檔案數

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 --本地網口限速

=262144

net.core.rmem_max=262144

net.core.wmem_default=262144

net.core.wmem_max=262144

"/etc/sysctl.conf" 47L, 1280C written

[root@ora10g /]# /sbin/sysctl -p

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

kernel.sysrq = 0

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

kernel.msgmax = 65536

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

kernel.shmall = 268435456

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 262144

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144

5、修改安全限制引數

這兩個引數是對linux使用者可以使用的程式數和開啟的檔案數的設定限制

|'G
oxf%O l2UUsoft是軟限制：使用者可以超過這個設定的值，但一定不能超過hard 的值。

hard是硬限制：一般soft比hard小。

如果用LV管理的話，還需要加上如下兩行：
oracle soft memlock 3145728
x2e_

hB_)sloracle hard memlock 3145728

[root@ora10g /]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 2047 --

oracle hard nproc 16384 --單使用者可開啟的最大程式數為16384個

oracle soft nofile 1024 --

oracle hard nofile 65536 --可開啟最大檔案個數65536

"/etc/security/limits.conf" 56L, 1903C written

7、配置相關的限制

[root@ora10g /]# vi

/lib/security/pam_limits.so ---設定可插入認證模組（PAM）限制

session required pam_limits.so ---為oracle設定Shell限制

"/etc/pam.d/login" 18L, 722C written

8、新增如下系統環境變數

[root@ora10g /]# vi /etc/profile

# /etc/profile

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 1638

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

"/etc/profile" 68L, 1205C written

9、切換到oracle使用者下，建立相關oracle安裝的其它目錄和配置環境變數

[root@ora10g /]# su - oracle

[oracle@ora10g ~]$ mkdir -p /orasoft/product/10.2.0/db_1

[oracle@ora10g ~]$ mkdir -p /oradata/archive /oradata/admin /oradata/flash_back /oradata/wwl

10、經過檢查，目錄已經建立好了。

[oracle@ora10g /]$ cd oradata/

[oracle@ora10g oradata]$ ls

admin archive flash_back lost+found wwl

[oracle@ora10g oradata]$ ls -rtl

total 32

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 16384 Nov 16 22:41 lost+found

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Nov 16 23:51 archive

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Nov 16 23:51 wwl

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Nov 16 23:51 flash_back

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Nov 16 23:51 admin

11、進入使用者家目錄，修改bash_profile，新增使用者變數

[oracle@ora10g /]$ cd

[oracle@ora10g ~]$ vi .bash_profile

[oracle@ora10g ~]$ cat .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

export ORACLE_SID=wwl ---指定ORACLE SID

export ORACLE_BASE=/orasoft/ ---指定ORACLE_BASE目錄

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1 ---指定ORACLE_HOME目錄

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin ---指定對應的命令執行PATH

export LD_LIBARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib --指定庫檔案存放的路徑

export LANG="zh_CN.GB18030"; ---指定使用者語言

export PATH

umask 022

[oracle@ora10g ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile ---讓剛新增的環境變數立即生效

12、關閉sendmail以及smb等無用的服務，並設定不自動啟動，開啟FTP服務，一會兒穿安裝介質上來。

[root@ora10g ~]# chkconfig sendmail off

[root@ora10g ~]# chkconfig cups off

[root@ora10g ~]# service vsftpd restart

Shutting down vsftpd: [FAILED]

Starting vsftpd for vsftpd: [ OK ]

13、檢查如下軟體包是否都安裝了：

libXp-1.0.0-8.i386.rpm

openmotif22-2.2.3-18.i386.rpm

compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm

compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm

compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm

libaio-0.3.106-3.2.i386.rpm

[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep libXp-*

libXpm-3.5.5-3

libXp-devel-1.0.0-8.1.el5

libXpm-devel-3.5.5-3

libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5

[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep openmoti*

[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep openmoti

[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep open*

openssl-0.9.8e-12.el5

openjade-1.3.2-27

nautilus-open-terminal-0.6-6.el5

cscope-15.5-15.1.el5_3.1

openldap-devel-2.3.43-3.el5

openssh-server-4.3p2-36.el5

openldap-2.3.43-3.el5

openssh-4.3p2-36.el5

openssh-askpass-4.3p2-36.el5

openssl-devel-0.9.8e-12.el5

opensp-1.5.2-4

openssh-clients-4.3p2-36.el5

[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep openm*

openssl-0.9.8e-12.el5

openjade-1.3.2-27

nautilus-open-terminal-0.6-6.el5

openldap-devel-2.3.43-3.el5

openssh-server-4.3p2-36.el5

openldap-2.3.43-3.el5

openssh-4.3p2-36.el5

openssh-askpass-4.3p2-36.el5

openssl-devel-0.9.8e-12.el5

opensp-1.5.2-4

openssh-clients-4.3p2-36.el5

[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep compat-db*

java-1.4.2-gcj-compat-devel-1.4.2.0-40jpp.115

[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep compat-db

[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep compa

compat-libgcc-296-2.96-138

compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4

compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-4

compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-138

java-1.4.2-gcj-compat-1.4.2.0-40jpp.115

java-1.4.2-gcj-compat-src-1.4.2.0-40jpp.115

compat-glibc-headers-2.3.4-2.26

java-1.4.2-gcj-compat-devel-1.4.2.0-40jpp.115

avahi-compat-libdns_sd-0.6.16-6.el5

compat-libf2c-34-3.4.6-4

compat-libcom_err-1.0-7

compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61

compat-glibc-2.3.4-2.26

[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep compat-lib

compat-libgcc-296-2.96-138

compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-138

avahi-compat-libdns_sd-0.6.16-6.el5

compat-libf2c-34-3.4.6-4

compat-libcom_err-1.0-7

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61

14、掛載光碟，進行為未安裝的軟體包安裝

[root@ora10g media]# mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt

mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only

[root@ora10g media]# cd /mnt

[root@ora10g mnt]# ls

blafdoc.css eula.py README-en.html Server

Cluster GPL RELEASE-NOTES-en supportinfo

ClusterStorage images RELEASE-NOTES-en.html TRANS.TBL

EULA isolinux RPM-GPG-KEY VT

eula.en_US README-en RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle

[root@ora10g mnt]# cd Server/

[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh openmotif22-2.2.3-18.i386.rpm

warning: openmotif22-2.2.3-18.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:openmotif22 ########################################### [100%]

[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh compat-gcc-34-

compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm

compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm

[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm

warning: compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

package compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386 is already installed

[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm

warning: compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

package compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.i386 is already installed

[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm

warning: compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:compat-db ########################################### [100%]

[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm

warning: compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

package compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386 is already installed

[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-

compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-138.i386.rpm compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm

[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.106-3.2.i386.rpm

warning: libaio-0.3.106-3.2.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

package libaio-0.3.106-3.2.i386 is already installed

15解壓縮剛上傳上來的介質

[root@ora10g Server]# su - oracle

[oracle@ora10g ~]$ ls

10201_database_linux32.zip

[oracle@ora10g ~]$ unzip 10201_database_linux32.zip

Archive: 10201_database_linux32.zip

creating: database/

creating: database/doc/

creating: database/doc/dcommon/

…….中間過程太多，已經省略

creating: database/stage/fastcopy/

inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/setperms1.sh

inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_EE_1.xml

inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_EE_exp_1.xml

inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_EE_dirs.lst

inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_EE_filemap.jar

inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_SE_1.xml

inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_SE_exp_1.xml

inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_SE_dirs.lst

inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_SE_filemap.jar

inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_Custom_1.xml

inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_Custom_exp_1.xml

inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_Custom_dirs.lst

inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_Custom_filemap.jar

inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/racfiles.jar

inflating: database/stage/oracle.server.10_2_0_1_0_1120187896349.bak

inflating: database/stage/oracle.server.10_2_0_1_0_dep_default.properties

inflating: database/stage/oracle.server.10_2_0_1_0_1120187896411.bak

inflating: database/stage/fastcopy.xml

inflating: database/welcome.html

16、配置顯示終端：

[oracle@ora10g ~]$ export DISPLAY=192.168.5.1:0.0

[oracle@ora10g ~]$ xclock

Warning: Missing charsets in String to FontSet conversion

[oracle@ora10g ~]$ ls

c10201_database_linux32.zip database

[oracle@ora10g ~]$ rm -rf 10201_database_linux32.zip

[oracle@ora10g ~]$ cd database/

[oracle@ora10g database]$ ls

doc install response runInstaller stage welcome.html

17、開始正式安裝，加上-ignoreSysPreReqs該引數的目的是忽略系統版本好檢測。

[oracle@ora10g database]$ export LC_ALL=en_US

[oracle@ora10g database]$ ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPreReqs

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking installer requirements...

Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2

Passed

All installer requirements met.

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2011-11-17_12-16-27AM. Please wait ...[oracle@ora10g database]$ Oracle Universal Installer, Version 10.2.0.1.0 Production

詳細安裝過程見連線

Oracle Linux 5.5 安裝Oracle 10g

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