使用外部表檢視ORACLE報警日誌
目得：首先了解什麼是外部表，與其它表的區別，建立一個簡單的外部表（主要看操作過程），最後我們用外部表檢視ORACLE報警日誌
1．瞭解oracle外部表
外部表定義：結構被存放在資料字典，而表資料被放在OS檔案中的表
作用：在資料庫中查詢OS檔案的資料，還可以將OS檔案資料裝載到資料庫中
與其它表的區別：在外部表上不能執行DML操作，也不能在外部表上建索引，只能執行select操用
2．建一個簡單的外部表
1．建一個OS上的檔案
因為外部表主要是檢視OS上的檔案，首先在OS上建一個檔案
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mkdir -p /oracle/ext
vi /oracle/ext/ext.dat
10,20,30
40,50,60
70,80,90
|
2．授予使用者許可權，並建立目錄物件
在此我們先建一個新使用者
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create user test identified by “
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使用者授權
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SQL> grant create any directory to test;
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建立目錄物件
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SQL> conn test / 123
Connected.
SQL> create directory ext as `/oracle/ext`;
Directory created.
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3.建立外部表
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SQL> create table exttable(
id number,name varchar2(10),i number
)organization external
(type oracle_loader
default directory ext
access parameters
(records delimited by newline
fields terminated by `,`
)location(`ext.dat`)
);
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4.測試
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SQL> select * from exttable;
ID NAME I
———- ———- ———-
10 20 30
40 50 60
70 80 90
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測試成功,可見在資料庫中可以查詢OS檔案的資料
2. 使用外部表檢視oracle報警日誌
由於在上面實驗中已建立了一個使用者,並賦相應的許可權,而且也有了OS檔案(即報警檔案alert_SID.log),所以在此直接建立目錄物件並建立外部表就可以了。
1．建立目錄物件
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SQL> conn test / 123
Connected.
SQL> create directory bdump as `/oracle/u01/app/oracle/admin/db2/bdump`;
Directory created.
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2．建立外部表
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SQL> create table alert_log(
text varchar2(400)
)organization external
(type oracle_loader
default directory bdump
access parameters
(records delimited by newline
)location(`alert_db2.log`)
);
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3．測試
首先檢視能否查到alert_db2.log的內容
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SQL> select * from alert_log where rownum < 10;
TEXT
——————————————————————————–
Thu Jun 11 00:51:46 2009
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
Cannot determine all dependent dynamic libraries for /proc/self/exe
Unable to find dynamic library libocr10.so in search paths
RPATH = /ade/aime1_build2101/oracle/has/lib/:/ade/aime1_build2101/oracle/lib/:/a
de/aime1_build2101/oracle/has/lib/:
LD_LIBRARY_PATH is not set!
The default library directories are /lib and /usr/lib
Unable to find dynamic library libocrb10.so in search paths
Unable to find dynamic library libocrutl10.so in search paths
9 rows selected.
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測試成功
然後我們測試查報警資訊’ORA-%’
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SQL> select * from alert_log where text like `ORA-%`;
TEXT
——————————————————————————–
ORA-00202: control file: `/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/
.dbf`
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
ORA-205 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT…
ORA-00301: error in adding log file `/home/oracle/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo01.l
og` – file cannot be created
ORA-27040: file create error
ORA-1501 signalled during: CREATE DATABASE db2
ORA-00200: control file could not be created
TEXT
——————————————————————————–
ORA-00202: control file: `/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/
.dbf`
ORA-27038: created file already exists
ORA-1501 signalled during: CREATE DATABASE db2
ORA-00200: control file could not be created
ORA-00202: control file: `/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/
.dbf`
ORA-27038: created file already exists
ORA-1501 signalled during: CREATE DATABASE db2
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測試成功,
可見我們可以使用外部表來方便的檢視ORACLE的報警資訊.