使用Pipe來執行RMAN命令
RMAN Pipe介面是執行RMAN命令並接收命令輸出的一種替代方法。使用這種介面，RMAN使用dbms_pipe包來獲得命令併傳送輸出來代替作業系統shell。使用這種介面，可以編寫可移值的RMAN程式介面。
pipe介面是透過使用pipe命令列引數來進行呼叫的。RMAN使用兩種私有管道：一個用來接收命令，一個用來傳送輸出。管道名是用pipe引數來決定的。例如，執行下面的命令 ：
[oracle11@jingyong1 ~]$ rman PIPE abc TARGET / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Apr 17 10:38:53 2015 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
透過管道連線執行多個RMAN命令
假設想要透過管道來連續執行多個命令。在每一個命令傳送到管道執行並返回輸出後，RMAN會暫停並等待下一個命令。
1.以pipe選項來啟動RMAN並連線到目標資料庫:
[oracle11@jingyong1 ~]$ rman PIPE abc TARGET / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Apr 17 10:38:53 2015 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
也可以指定timeout選項，強制RMAN在指定的時間內沒有從輸入管道接收到命令就自動退出。
[oracle11@oracle11g ~]$ rman PIPE abc TARGET / TIMEOUT 60 Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Apr 17 14:51:12 2015 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. [oracle11@oracle11g ~]$ date Fri Apr 17 14:52:14 CST 2015
2.連線管目標資料庫並透過dbms_pipe.pack_message與dbms_pipe.send_message在輸入管道中輸入要執行的命令。當RMAN使用管道來代替標準RMAN輸入時會顯示訊息RMAN-00572,下面使用管道來顯示當前的RMAN配置資訊並對資料庫執行備份。
[oracle11@oracle11g ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Apr 17 11:49:25 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> set serverout on size 100000
SQL> declare
2 i_v varchar2(2000):='show all;';
3 o_v number;
4 begin
5 dbms_pipe.pack_message(i_v);
6 o_v:=dbms_pipe.send_message('ORA$RMAN_ABC_IN');
7 dbms_output.put_line(o_v);
8 commit;
9 end;
10 /
0
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
[oracle11@oracle11g ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Apr 17 11:49:30 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> set serverout on size 100000
SQL> declare
2 i_v varchar2(2000):='backup as backupset database plus archivelog;';
3 o_v number;
4 begin
5 dbms_pipe.pack_message(i_v);
6 o_v:=dbms_pipe.send_message('ORA$RMAN_ABC_IN');
7 dbms_output.put_line(o_v);
8 commit;
9 end;
10 /
0
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
3.使用dbms_pipe.receive_message和dbms_pipe.unpack_message來讀取RMAN的輸出資訊:
SQL> declare
2 output_v varchar2(4000);
3 o_v number:=0;
4 begin
5 while(o_v=0) loop
6 o_v:=dbms_pipe.receive_message('ORA$RMAN_ABC_OUT',5);
7 if o_v=0 then
8 dbms_pipe.unpack_message(output_v);
9 dbms_output.put_line(output_v);
10 end if;
11 end loop;
12 commit;
13 end;
14 /
connected to target database: DB (DBID=1640573015)
RMAN-00572: waiting for DBMS_PIPE input
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name DB are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR
LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO
'/u03/app/oracle/11.2.0/db/dbs/snapcf_db.f'; # default
RMAN-00572: waiting for DBMS_PIPE input
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> declare
2 output_v varchar2(4000);
3 o_v number:=0;
4 begin
5 while(o_v=0) loop
6 o_v:=dbms_pipe.receive_message('ORA$RMAN_ABC_OUT',600);
7 if o_v=0 then
8 dbms_pipe.unpack_message(output_v);
9 dbms_output.put_line(output_v);
10 end if;
11 end loop;
12 commit;
13 end;
14 /
Starting backup at 2015-04-17 12:21:43
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=18 RECID=11 STAMP=877175019
input archived log thread=1 sequence=19 RECID=12 STAMP=877175163
input archived log thread=1 sequence=20 RECID=13 STAMP=877212065
input archived log thread=1 sequence=21 RECID=14 STAMP=877253311
input archived log thread=1 sequence=22 RECID=15 STAMP=877262007
input archived log thread=1 sequence=23 RECID=16 STAMP=877262176
input archived log thread=1 sequence=24 RECID=17 STAMP=877262429
input archived log thread=1 sequence=25 RECID=18 STAMP=877262605
input archived log thread=1 sequence=26 RECID=19 STAMP=877262607
input archived log thread=1 sequence=27 RECID=20 STAMP=877262777
input archived log thread=1 sequence=28 RECID=21 STAMP=877263703
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:21:44
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:21:59
piece handle=/u03/app/oracle/11.2.0/db/dbs/1fq4juqn_1_1 tag=TAG20150417T122143
comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished backup at 2015-04-17 12:21:59
Starting backup at 2015-04-17 12:21:59
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u03/app/oracle/oradata/db/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u03/app/oracle/oradata/db/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u03/app/oracle/oradata/db/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u03/app/oracle/oradata/db/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u03/app/oracle/oradata/db/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:21:59
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:24:34
piece handle=/u03/app/oracle/11.2.0/db/dbs/1gq4jur7_1_1 tag=TAG20150417T122159
comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:36
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:24:42
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:24:43
piece handle=/u03/app/oracle/11.2.0/db/dbs/1hq4jv03_1_1 tag=TAG20150417T122159
comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2015-04-17 12:24:43
Starting backup at 2015-04-17 12:24:43
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=29 RECID=22 STAMP=877263883
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:24:44
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:24:45
piece handle=/u03/app/oracle/11.2.0/db/dbs/1iq4jv0c_1_1 tag=TAG20150417T122444
comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2015-04-17 12:24:45
RMAN-00572: waiting for DBMS_PIPE input
Starting backup at 2015-04-17 12:26:09
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=18 RECID=11 STAMP=877175019
input archived log thread=1 sequence=19 RECID=12 STAMP=877175163
input archived log thread=1 sequence=20 RECID=13 STAMP=877212065
input archived log thread=1 sequence=21 RECID=14 STAMP=877253311
input archived log thread=1 sequence=22 RECID=15 STAMP=877262007
input archived log thread=1 sequence=23 RECID=16 STAMP=877262176
input archived log thread=1 sequence=24 RECID=17 STAMP=877262429
input archived log thread=1 sequence=25 RECID=18 STAMP=877262605
input archived log thread=1 sequence=26 RECID=19 STAMP=877262607
input archived log thread=1 sequence=27 RECID=20 STAMP=877262777
input archived log thread=1 sequence=28 RECID=21 STAMP=877263703
input archived log thread=1 sequence=29 RECID=22 STAMP=877263883
input archived log thread=1 sequence=30 RECID=23 STAMP=877263969
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:26:10
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:26:25
piece handle=/u03/app/oracle/11.2.0/db/dbs/1jq4jv32_1_1 tag=TAG20150417T122610
comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished backup at 2015-04-17 12:26:25
Starting backup at 2015-04-17 12:26:25
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u03/app/oracle/oradata/db/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u03/app/oracle/oradata/db/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u03/app/oracle/oradata/db/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u03/app/oracle/oradata/db/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u03/app/oracle/oradata/db/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:26:26
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:29:21
piece handle=/u03/app/oracle/11.2.0/db/dbs/1kq4jv3i_1_1 tag=TAG20150417T122625
comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:55
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:29:24
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:29:27
piece handle=/u03/app/oracle/11.2.0/db/dbs/1lq4jv91_1_1 tag=TAG20150417T122625
comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 2015-04-17 12:29:27
Starting backup at 2015-04-17 12:29:27
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=31 RECID=24 STAMP=877264168
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:29:28
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015-04-17 12:29:29
piece handle=/u03/app/oracle/11.2.0/db/dbs/1mq4jv98_1_1 tag=TAG20150417T122928
comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2015-04-17 12:29:29
RMAN-00572: waiting for DBMS_PIPE input
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
4.如果啟動RMAN時使用了timeout選項，那麼RMAN在指定時間間隔內沒有接收到任何命令就會自動終止RMAN會話。為了強制RMAN立即終止RMAN會話可以傳送exit命令。
SQL> declare
2 i_v varchar2(2000):='exit;';
3 o_v number;
4 begin
5 dbms_pipe.pack_message(i_v);
6 o_v:=dbms_pipe.send_message('ORA$RMAN_ABC_IN');
7 dbms_output.put_line(o_v);
8 commit;
9 end;
10 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> declare
2 output_v varchar2(4000);
3 o_v number:=0;
4 begin
5 while(o_v=0) loop
6 o_v:=dbms_pipe.receive_message('ORA$RMAN_ABC_OUT',10);--10是超過時間為10秒
7 if o_v=0 then
8 dbms_pipe.unpack_message(output_v);
9 dbms_output.put_line(output_v);
10 end if;
11 end loop;
12 commit;
13 end;
14 /
Recovery Manager complete.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
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