控制檔案對於Oracle資料庫來說是至關重要的，這裡簡單的介紹幾種在RMAN中對控制檔案的備份方法。

1.進入RMAN命令列介面
secooler@secDB /oracle/oradata$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed Dec 16 16:39:15 2009

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: SECOOLER (DBID=21803462)

RMAN>

2.修改控制檔案備份方式為自動備份
RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;

new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

3.確認引數是否修改成功，成功。
RMAN> show CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP;

RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

4.修改控制檔案的備份檔案的存放位置，這裡注意一下其中的“%F”不可或缺。
RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/orabackup/%F';

new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/orabackup/%F';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

5.確認一下備份檔案備份位置引數是否修改成功。成功。
RMAN> show controlfile autobackup format;

RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/orabackup/%F';

6.此時使用“backup database”命令可以出發控制檔案的備份
RMAN> backup database;

Starting backup at 2009-12-16 16:54:21
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=146 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=/oracle/oradata/secooler/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/oracle/oradata/secooler/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/oracle/oradata/secooler/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile fno=00004 name=/oracle/oradata/secooler/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2009-12-16 16:54:22
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2009-12-16 16:54:25
piece handle=/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SECOOLER/backupset/2009_12_16/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20091216T165421_5lk81y4j_.bkp tag=TAG20091216T165421 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 2009-12-16 16:54:25

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2009-12-16 16:54:25
piece handle=/orabackup/c-21803462-20091216-00 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2009-12-16 16:54:26

7.在RMAN中使用“backup current controlfile”亦可完成控制檔案的備份。
RMAN> backup current controlfile;

Starting backup at 2009-12-16 22:34:31
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=141 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2009-12-16 22:34:31
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2009-12-16 22:34:32
piece handle=/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SECOOLER/backupset/2009_12_16/o1_mf_ncnnf_TAG20091216T223431_5lkvzqp6_.bkp tag=TAG20091216T223431 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2009-12-16 22:34:32

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2009-12-16 22:34:32
piece handle=/orabackup/c-21803462-20091216-01 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2009-12-16 22:34:33

8.在RMAN中得到曾經備份過的控制檔案資訊
RMAN> list backup of controlfile;

List of Backup Sets
===================

BS Key Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
2       Full    6.80M      DISK        00:00:00     2009-12-16 16:54:25
        BP Key: 2   Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20091216T165425
        Piece Name: /orabackup/c-21803462-20091216-00
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 742397       Ckp time: 2009-12-16 16:54:25

BS Key Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
3       Full    6.77M      DISK        00:00:00     2009-12-16 22:34:31
        BP Key: 3   Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20091216T223431
        Piece Name: /oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SECOOLER/backupset/2009_12_16/o1_mf_ncnnf_TAG20091216T223431_5lkvzqp6_.bkp
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 763491       Ckp time: 2009-12-16 22:34:31

BS Key Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
4       Full    6.80M      DISK        00:00:00     2009-12-16 22:34:32
        BP Key: 4   Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20091216T223432
        Piece Name: /orabackup/c-21803462-20091216-01
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 763495       Ckp time: 2009-12-16 22:34:32

9.使用RMAN的copy命令亦完成可對控制檔案的備份任務
RMAN> copy current controlfile to '/orabackup/rman_copy_controlfile.ctl';

Starting backup at 2009-12-16 22:42:47
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
copying current control file
output filename=/orabackup/rman_copy_controlfile.ctl tag=TAG20091216T224247 recid=1 stamp=705796967
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2009-12-16 22:42:48

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2009-12-16 22:42:48
piece handle=/orabackup/c-21803462-20091216-02 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2009-12-16 22:42:50

10.小結
以上僅是羅列了幾種在RMAN中備份控制檔案的方法，途徑很多，適用就好，具體環境下使用順手的備份方法便可。誠然，備份的根本目的是為恢復，任何一種備份方法在緊要關頭只要可用便是王道。

Good luck.

secooler
10.01.26

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【備份】RMAN中對控制檔案的幾種備份方法

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