實驗五

實驗任務三

程式碼

task3.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include "pets.hpp"

void test() {
    using namespace std;

    vector<MachinePets *> pets;

    pets.push_back(new PetCats("miku"));
    pets.push_back(new PetDogs("da huang"));

    for(auto &ptr: pets)
        cout <<ptr->get_nickname() << " says " << ptr->talk() << endl;
}

int main() {
    test();
}

pets.hpp

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::string;

// 機器寵物類：MachinePets（抽象類）
class MachinePets {
public:
    MachinePets(const string &s = ""); // 建構函式
    virtual string talk() const = 0; // 純虛擬函式，作為介面繼承
    string get_nickname() const; // 獲取寵物暱稱
protected:
    string nickname; // 寵物的暱稱
};

// MachinePets 建構函式實現
MachinePets::MachinePets(const string &s) : nickname{s} {
}

// 獲取寵物的暱稱
string MachinePets::get_nickname() const {
    return nickname;
}

// 電子寵物貓類：PetCats
class PetCats : public MachinePets {
public:
    PetCats(const string &s = ""); // 建構函式
    string talk() const override; // 實現叫聲介面
};

// PetCats 建構函式實現
PetCats::PetCats(const string &s) : MachinePets{s} {
}

// 實現寵物貓的叫聲
string PetCats::talk() const {
    return "Meow";
}

// 電子寵物狗類：PetDogs
class PetDogs : public MachinePets {
public:
    PetDogs(const string &s = ""); // 建構函式
    string talk() const override; // 實現叫聲介面
};

// PetDogs 建構函式實現
PetDogs::PetDogs(const string &s) : MachinePets{s} {
}

// 實現寵物狗的叫聲
string PetDogs::talk() const {
    return "Woof";
}

編譯結果

實驗任務四

程式碼

film.hpp

#ifndef FILM_HPP
#define FILM_HPP

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class Film {
private:
    string title;
    string director;
    string country;
    int year;

public:
    Film() : title(""), director(""), country(""), year(0) {}
    friend istream& operator>>(istream& is, Film& film) {
        cout << "錄入片名: ";
        is.ignore(); 
        getline(is, film.title);

        cout << "錄入導演: ";
        getline(is, film.director);

        cout << "錄入製片國家/地區: ";
        getline(is, film.country);

        cout << "錄入上映年份: ";
        is >> film.year;

        return is;
    }

    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Film& film) {
        os << film.title << "\t" << film.director << "\t" << film.country << "\t" << film.year;
        return os;
    }

    int get_year() const {
        return year;
    }
};

bool compare_by_year(const Film& a, const Film& b) {
    return a.get_year() < b.get_year();
}

#endif // FILM_HPP

film.cpp

#include "film.hpp"

task4.cpp

#include "film.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

void test() {
    using namespace std;
    
    int n;
    cout << "輸入電影數目: ";
    cin >> n;

    cout << "錄入" << n << "部影片資訊" << endl;
    vector<Film> film_lst;
    for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        Film f;
        cout << string(20, '-') << "第" << i+1 << "部影片錄入" << string(20, '-') << endl;
        cin >> f;
        film_lst.push_back(f);
    }

    // 按發行年份升序排序
    sort(film_lst.begin(), film_lst.end(), compare_by_year);

    cout << string(20, '=') + "電影資訊(按發行年份)" +  string(20, '=')<< endl;
    for(auto &f: film_lst)
        cout << f << endl;
}

int main() {
    test();
}

編譯結果

實驗任務5

程式碼

complex.hpp

#ifndef COMPLEX_HPP
#define COMPLEX_HPP

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath> 
using namespace std;

template<typename T>
class Complex {
private:
    T real;
    T imag;

public:
    Complex(T r = 0, T i = 0) : real(r), imag(i) {}

    T get_real() const { return real; }
    T get_imag() const { return imag; }

    Complex& operator+=(const Complex& other) {
        real += other.real;
        imag += other.imag;
        return *this;
    }

    Complex operator+(const Complex& other) const {
        return Complex(real + other.real, imag + other.imag);
    }

    bool operator==(const Complex& other) const {
        return real == other.real && imag == other.imag;
    }

    friend istream& operator>>(istream& is, Complex& c) {
        is >> c.real >> c.imag;
        return is;
    }

    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Complex& c) {
        os << c.real << (c.imag < 0 ? " - " : " + ") << std::abs(c.imag) << "i";
        return os;
    }
};

#endif

task5.cpp

#include "Complex.hpp"
#include <iostream>

using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::boolalpha;

void test1() {
    Complex<int> c1(2, -5), c2(c1);

    cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
    cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
    cout << "c1 + c2 = " << c1 + c2 << endl;
    
    c1 += c2;
    cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
    cout << boolalpha << (c1 == c2) << endl;
}

void test2() {
    Complex<double> c1, c2;
    cout << "Enter c1 and c2: ";
    cin >> c1 >> c2;
    cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
    cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;

    cout << "c1.real = " << c1.get_real() << endl;
    cout << "c1.imag = " << c1.get_imag() << endl;
}

int main() {
    cout << "自定義類别範本Complex測試1: " << endl;
    test1();

    cout << endl;

    cout << "自定義類别範本Complex測試2: " << endl;
    test2();
}

編譯結果

實驗任務6

程式碼

account.cpp

#include "account.h"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
 
int main() {
    Date date(2008, 11, 1);
    SavingsAccount sa1(date, "S3755217", 0.015);
    SavingsAccount sa2(date, "02342342", 0.015);
    CreditAccount ca(date, "C5392394", 10000, 0.0005, 50);
    Account* accounts[] = { &sa1, &sa2, &ca };
    const int n = sizeof(accounts) / sizeof(Account*);
    cout << "(d)deposit (w)withdraw (s)show (c)change day (n)next month (e)exit" << endl;
    char cmd;
    do {
        date.show();
        cout << "\tTotal:" << Account::getTotal() << "\tcommand>";
        int index, day;
        double amount;
        string desc;
        cin >> cmd;
        switch (cmd) {
        case 'd':
            cin >> index >> amount;
            getline(cin, desc);
            accounts[index]->deposit(date, amount, desc);
            break;
        case 'w':
            cin >> index >> amount;
            getline(cin, desc);
            accounts[index]->withdraw(date, amount, desc);
            break;
        case 's':
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                cout << "[" << i << "]";
                accounts[i]->show();
                cout << endl;
 
            }
            break;
        case 'c':
            cin >> day;
            if (day < date.getDay()) {
                cout << "You cannot specify a previous day";
 
            }
            else if (day > date.getMaxDay())
                cout << "Invalid day";
            else date = Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth(), day);
            break;
        case 'n':
            if (date.getMonth() == 12)
                date = Date(date.getYear() + 1, 1, 1);
            else
            {
                date = Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth() + 1, 1);
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                accounts[i]->settle(date);
 
            }
            break;
 
        }
 
    } while (cmd != 'e');
    return 0;
 
}

account.h

#pragma once
#include "date.h"
#include "accumulator.h"
#include <string>
using namespace std;
 
class Account {
private:
    string id;
    double balance;
    static double total;
protected:
    Account(const Date& date, const string& id);
    void record(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
    void error(const string& msg) const;
 
public:
    const string& getId() { return id; }
    double getBalance() const { return balance; }
    static double getTotal() { return total; }
    virtual void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) = 0;
    virtual void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) = 0;
    virtual void settle(const Date& date) = 0;
    virtual void show() const;
 
};
 
class SavingsAccount : public Account {
private:
    Accumulator acc;
    double rate;
public:
    SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double rate);
    double getRate() const { return rate; }
    void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
    void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
    void settle(const Date& date);
 
};
 
class CreditAccount : public Account {
private:
    Accumulator acc;
    double credit;
    double rate;
    double fee;
    double getDebt() const {
        double balance = getBalance();
        return (balance < 0 ? balance : 0);
 
    }
public:
    CreditAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double credit, double rate, double fee);
    double getCredit() const { return credit; }
    double getRate() const { return rate; }
    double getFee() const { return fee; }
    double getAvailableCredit() const {
        if (getBalance() < 0) return credit + getBalance();
        else return credit;
 
    }
    void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
    void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
    void settle(const Date& date);
    void show() const;
 
};

accumulator.h

#pragma once
#include "date.h"
 
class Accumulator {
private:
    Date lastDate;
    double value;
    double sum;
 
public:
 
    double getSum(const Date& date) const {
        return sum + value * (date - lastDate);
 
    }
    Accumulator(const Date& date, double value) : lastDate(date), value(value), sum{ 0 } {}
 
    void change(const Date& date, double value) {
        sum = getSum(date);
        lastDate = date;
        this->value = value;
 
    }
 
    void reset(const Date& date, double value) {
        lastDate = date;
        this->value = value;
        sum = 0;
    }
 
};

date.cpp

#include "date.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
 
namespace {
    const int DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[] = { 0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334, 365 };
 
}
 
Date::Date(int year, int month, int day) : year(year), month(month), day(day) {
    if (day <= 0 || day > getMaxDay()) {
        cout << "Invalid date: ";
        show();
        cout << endl;
        exit(1);
 
    }
    int years = year - 1;
    totalDays = years * 365 + years / 4 - years / 100 + years / 400 + DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1] + day;
    if (isLeapYear() && month > 2) totalDays++;
 
}
 
int Date::getMaxDay() const {
    if (isLeapYear() && month == 2)
        return 29;
    else return DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month] - DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1];
 
}
 
void Date::show() const {
    cout << getYear() << "-" << getMonth() << "-" << getDay();
 
}

date.h

#pragma once
 
 class Date {
 private:
        int year;
        int month;
        int day;
        int totalDays;
 
 public:
        Date(int year, int month, int day);
        int getYear() const { return year; }
        int getMonth() const { return month; }
        int getDay() const { return day; }
        int getMaxDay() const;
        bool isLeapYear() const {
                return year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0;
 
    }
         void show() const;
        int operator-(const Date & date) const {
                return totalDays - date.totalDays;
 
    }
 
};

task6.cpp

#include "account.h"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
 
int main() {
    Date date(2008, 11, 1);
    SavingsAccount sa1(date, "S3755217", 0.015);
    SavingsAccount sa2(date, "02342342", 0.015);
    CreditAccount ca(date, "C5392394", 10000, 0.0005, 50);
    Account* accounts[] = { &sa1, &sa2, &ca };
    const int n = sizeof(accounts) / sizeof(Account*);
    cout << "(d)deposit (w)withdraw (s)show (c)change day (n)next month (e)exit" << endl;
    char cmd;
    do {
        date.show();
        cout << "\tTotal:" << Account::getTotal() << "\tcommand>";
        int index, day;
        double amount;
        string desc;
        cin >> cmd;
        switch (cmd) {
        case 'd':
            cin >> index >> amount;
            getline(cin, desc);
            accounts[index]->deposit(date, amount, desc);
            break;
        case 'w':
            cin >> index >> amount;
            getline(cin, desc);
            accounts[index]->withdraw(date, amount, desc);
            break;
        case 's':
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                cout << "[" << i << "]";
                accounts[i]->show();
                cout << endl;
 
            }
            break;
        case 'c':
            cin >> day;
            if (day < date.getDay()) {
                cout << "You cannot specify a previous day";
 
            }
            else if (day > date.getMaxDay())
                cout << "Invalid day";
            else date = Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth(), day);
            break;
        case 'n':
            if (date.getMonth() == 12)
                date = Date(date.getYear() + 1, 1, 1);
            else
            {
                date = Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth() + 1, 1);
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                accounts[i]->settle(date);
 
            }
            break;
 
        }
 
    } while (cmd != 'e');
    return 0;
 
}

編譯結果