在閱讀這篇文章之前,建議先閱讀一下我之前寫的兩篇文章,對理解這篇文章很有幫助,特別是Mybatis新手:
mybatis底層原理學習(一):SqlSessionFactory和SqlSession的建立過程
如果你想獲得更好的閱讀體驗,可以點選這裡:Mybatis底層原理學習(二):從原始碼角度分析一次查詢操作過程
(1)在使用Mybatis運算元據庫的時候,每一次的CRUD操作都會去獲取一次對映配置檔案(mapper xml檔案)對應的sql對映。每一個sql對映在記憶體快取中(建立SqlSessionFactory之前就快取在記憶體中了)都會有唯一ID,就是sql對映所在xml檔案的名稱空間加上sql對映配置節點的id值。
(2)Mapper xml檔案的名稱空間使用的是類的全路徑名,這樣做的好處是可以全域性唯一,又可以通過反射獲取對應的Mapper類。可以理解成每一個mapper xml檔案對應一個Mapper類。
(3)mapper xml檔案每一個sql對映節點的id屬性值對應類的一個方法。我們在配置sql對映的時候也必須這樣做,因為Mybatis的底層就是使用反射機制來獲取執行方法的全路徑作為ID來獲取sql的對映配置的。
(4)每一個和mapper xml檔案關聯的類,都是Mapper類,在執行過程,通過動態代理,執行對應的方法。Mybatis是如何判斷哪些類是Mapper類的呢?其實只有在執行時才會知道。在載入Mybatis配置檔案中,通過解析mapper xml檔案快取了所有的sql對映配置,在呼叫SqlSession的getMapper方法獲取Mapper類的時候才會生成代理類。
現在,我們來從原始碼角度分析Mapper代理類的建立過程,demo原始碼在後面給出 demo示例:
public class Main {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Main.class);
public static void main(String[] args) {
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
ArticleMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ArticleMapper.class);
Article article = mapper.selectOne(1);
LOGGER.info("title:" + article.getTitle() + " " + "content:" + article.getContent());
}
}
複製程式碼
我們在這行程式碼處搭上斷點:
ArticleMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ArticleMapper.class);
複製程式碼
Debug進去,執行下面程式碼:
public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type) {
return configuration.<T>getMapper(type, this);
}
複製程式碼
configuration持有Mybatis的基本配置資訊,繼續看看getMapper方法的執行:
public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type, SqlSession sqlSession) {
return mapperRegistry.getMapper(type, sqlSession);
}
複製程式碼
mapperRegistry快取了所有的SQL對映配置資訊,在載入解析Mybatis配置檔案(例子是mybatis)和mapper xml檔案的時候完成快取的,繼續看getMapper的執行:
public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type, SqlSession sqlSession) {
// 這裡首先會獲取Mapper代理類工廠,拿到代理工廠就建立代理類
final MapperProxyFactory<T> mapperProxyFactory = (MapperProxyFactory<T>) knownMappers.get(type);
if (mapperProxyFactory == null) {
throw new BindingException("Type " + type + " is not known to the MapperRegistry.");
}
try {
// 建立Mapper代理類
return mapperProxyFactory.newInstance(sqlSession);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new BindingException("Error getting mapper instance. Cause: " + e, e);
}
}
複製程式碼
通過動態代理機制建立Mapper代理類
protected T newInstance(MapperProxy<T> mapperProxy) {
return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(mapperInterface.getClassLoader(), new Class[] { mapperInterface }, mapperProxy);
}
複製程式碼
到這裡,動態代理類建立完成。 通過分析了原始碼執行過程,Mapper代理類的建立過程弄清楚了,大體就是通過從快取中獲取sql對映配置的id(類全路徑名+方法名)來通過動態代理機制建立代理類,實際執行的CRUD是執行動態代理類的方法。 執行CRUD操作的時候,我們都會執行到動態代理類的invoke方法:
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
try {
if (Object.class.equals(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
return method.invoke(this, args);
} else if (isDefaultMethod(method)) {
return invokeDefaultMethod(proxy, method, args);
}
} catch (Throwable t) {
throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(t);
}
final MapperMethod mapperMethod = cachedMapperMethod(method);
return mapperMethod.execute(sqlSession, args);
}
複製程式碼
最後找到對映的方法,執行mapperMethod.execute(sqlSession, args)
。
通過程式碼我們可以看到,會根據執行方法的操作型別(CRUD)執行不同的邏輯處理。
public Object execute(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args) {
Object result;
switch (command.getType()) {
case INSERT: {
Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.insert(command.getName(), param));
break;
}
case UPDATE: {
Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.update(command.getName(), param));
break;
}
case DELETE: {
Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.delete(command.getName(), param));
break;
}
case SELECT:
if (method.returnsVoid() && method.hasResultHandler()) {
executeWithResultHandler(sqlSession, args);
result = null;
} else if (method.returnsMany()) {
result = executeForMany(sqlSession, args);
} else if (method.returnsMap()) {
result = executeForMap(sqlSession, args);
} else if (method.returnsCursor()) {
result = executeForCursor(sqlSession, args);
} else {
Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
result = sqlSession.selectOne(command.getName(), param);
}
break;
case FLUSH:
result = sqlSession.flushStatements();
break;
default:
throw new BindingException("Unknown execution method for: " + command.getName());
}
if (result == null && method.getReturnType().isPrimitive() && !method.returnsVoid()) {
throw new BindingException("Mapper method '" + command.getName()
+ " attempted to return null from a method with a primitive return type (" + method.getReturnType() + ").");
}
return result;
}
複製程式碼
我們分析一下查詢select:
if (method.returnsVoid() && method.hasResultHandler()) {
executeWithResultHandler(sqlSession, args);
result = null;
} else if (method.returnsMany()) {
result = executeForMany(sqlSession, args);
} else if (method.returnsMap()) {
result = executeForMap(sqlSession, args);
} else if (method.returnsCursor()) {
result = executeForCursor(sqlSession, args);
} else {
Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
result = sqlSession.selectOne(command.getName(), param);
}
複製程式碼
首先根據方法返回型別的不同執行不同的邏輯,最終會呼叫SqlSession的selectXXX方法,
public <T> T selectOne(String statement, Object parameter) {
// Popular vote was to return null on 0 results and throw exception on too many.
List<T> list = this.<T>selectList(statement, parameter);
if (list.size() == 1) {
return list.get(0);
} else if (list.size() > 1) {
throw new TooManyResultsException("Expected one result (or null) to be returned by selectOne(), but found: " + list.size());
} else {
return null;
}
}
複製程式碼
List<T> list = this.<T>selectList(statement, parameter);
這行程式碼邏輯處理:
public <E> List<E> selectList(String statement, Object parameter) {
return this.selectList(statement, parameter, RowBounds.DEFAULT);
}
複製程式碼
繼續進去:
public <E> List<E> selectList(String statement, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds) {
try {
MappedStatement ms = configuration.getMappedStatement(statement);
return executor.query(ms, wrapCollection(parameter), rowBounds, Executor.NO_RESULT_HANDLER);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error querying database. Cause: " + e, e);
} finally {
ErrorContext.instance().reset();
}
}
複製程式碼
到這一步,是呼叫執行器Executor的query方法:
public <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler) throws SQLException {
BoundSql boundSql = ms.getBoundSql(parameterObject);
CacheKey key = createCacheKey(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, boundSql);
return query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
}
複製程式碼
進去query方法:
public <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql)
throws SQLException {
Cache cache = ms.getCache();
if (cache != null) {
flushCacheIfRequired(ms);
if (ms.isUseCache() && resultHandler == null) {
ensureNoOutParams(ms, parameterObject, boundSql);
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
List<E> list = (List<E>) tcm.getObject(cache, key);
if (list == null) {
list = delegate.<E> query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
tcm.putObject(cache, key, list); // issue #578 and #116
}
return list;
}
}
return delegate.<E> query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
}
複製程式碼
繼續進去query方法:
public <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException {
ErrorContext.instance().resource(ms.getResource()).activity("executing a query").object(ms.getId());
if (closed) {
throw new ExecutorException("Executor was closed.");
}
if (queryStack == 0 && ms.isFlushCacheRequired()) {
clearLocalCache();
}
List<E> list;
try {
queryStack++;
list = resultHandler == null ? (List<E>) localCache.getObject(key) : null;
if (list != null) {
handleLocallyCachedOutputParameters(ms, key, parameter, boundSql);
} else {
list = queryFromDatabase(ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
}
} finally {
queryStack--;
}
if (queryStack == 0) {
for (DeferredLoad deferredLoad : deferredLoads) {
deferredLoad.load();
}
// issue #601
deferredLoads.clear();
if (configuration.getLocalCacheScope() == LocalCacheScope.STATEMENT) {
// issue #482
clearLocalCache();
}
}
return list;
}
複製程式碼
真正訪問資料庫的是這行程式碼:list = queryFromDatabase(ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
private <E> List<E> queryFromDatabase(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException {
List<E> list;
localCache.putObject(key, EXECUTION_PLACEHOLDER);
try {
list = doQuery(ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
} finally {
localCache.removeObject(key);
}
localCache.putObject(key, list);
if (ms.getStatementType() == StatementType.CALLABLE) {
localOutputParameterCache.putObject(key, parameter);
}
return list;
}
複製程式碼
查詢操作由doQuery方法處理,這段程式碼就接近原生JDBC操作了,首先會獲取語句處理器,然後開始執行語句,執行完,還會對結果進行結果集處理,返回處理的結果集,這裡就不多分析了
public <E> List<E> doQuery(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException {
Statement stmt = null;
try {
Configuration configuration = ms.getConfiguration();
StatementHandler handler = configuration.newStatementHandler(wrapper, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
stmt = prepareStatement(handler, ms.getStatementLog());
return handler.<E>query(stmt, resultHandler);
} finally {
closeStatement(stmt);
}
}
複製程式碼
我們在使用Mybatis進行CRUD操作的時候,大體過程是這樣:
- 解析基本配置檔案和Sql對映配置檔案(mapper xml)檔案,快取配置檔案節點內容在記憶體(一般此步驟只會執行一次,多次呼叫都會複用快取結果)
- 獲取SqlSession,通過SqlSession來獲取Mapper類,生成Mapper類的代理
- 執行CRUED操作
當然,這個過程Mybatis還做了很多事情,Sql的解析,結果集的處理……等操作我們在這篇文章不分析,後面會有文章分析。這篇文章目的是分析Mapper代理類的建立過程和簡單分析一個查詢操作的過程。
學習更多原始碼分析文章,歡迎關注微信公眾號:深夜程猿
【福利】關注公眾號回覆關鍵字,還可獲得視訊學習資源,求職簡歷模板