如何透過 Geth、Node.js 和 UNIX/PHP 訪問以太坊節點

geeker發表於2019-01-07
Node.jsPHP

本文旨在說明透過Geth、Node.js如何訪問以太坊節點和UNIX下PHP如何訪問以太坊節點。

說明如何透過RPC使用此（A）以太坊節點

對於以太坊主網路使用RPC url：http://85.214.51.53:8545

對於Ropsten測試網路使用RPC url：http://85.214.51.53:8546

透過本地系統上的“geth”訪問節點：

  • 1.確保你的本地IP已在你的使用者配置檔案中註冊。使用RPC服務時，不會阻止從此IP訪問。
  • 2.在本地系統上安裝geth二進位制檔案約30MB，geth二進位制檔案包。
  • 3.查詢geth目錄位置
  • 4.使用命令./geth attach rpc:http://85.214.51.53:8545連線並啟動JavaScript環境，參考文件。
  • 5.控制檯正在啟動，你會看到>作為輸入提示符。
  • 6.寫eth.getBlock(10000)並獲取塊資訊作為結果，參考文件。

你的系統在幾分鐘內執行，無需安裝已經500GB以上的以太坊區塊鏈！

故障排除：

  • 安裝正確的geth二進位制檔案。
  • 驗證geth在本地系統上是否可用。
  • 檢查使用者配置檔案中的IP。
  • 確認沒有個人防火牆阻止你的傳送出去請求。

嘗試Ropsten測試網路：

透過本地系統或伺服器上的node.js訪問節點

  • 1.這將返回一個webserver響應並輸出一個html檔案。
  • 2.在node.js系統中透過NPM或其他方式安裝web3。
  • 3.將伺服器檔案指向app.js。

這將為你帶來一個帳戶餘額（錢包）的輸出。

檔案：app.js

const http = require('http');
const walletAddress = '0xDED5f23C157aCef931946D9A695cAc3eF1AaaA8D';

var Web3 = require('web3');
var web3 = new Web3();

web3.setProvider(new web3.providers.HttpProvider('http://85.214.51.53:8545'));

var balance = web3.eth.getBalance('0xDED5f23C157aCef931946D9A695cAc3eF1AaaA8D');

http.createServer(function(request, response) {
    response.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/html'});
    response.end("<!DOCTYPE html>\n" +
        "<html lang=\"en\">\n" +
        "<head>\n" +
        "    <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n" +
        "    <title>ethernode.biz</title>\n" +
        "</head>\n" +
        "<body>\n" +
        "<p>ethernode.biz</p>" +
        "<center>\n" +
        "</center>\n " +
        "<p> Ethereum balance : " + balance +"</p>\n" +
        "</body>\n" +
        "</html>\n");
}).listen(process.env.PORT);

在Unix系統上透過PHP訪問節點

  • 1.確保你的geth透過RPC正常工作。
  • 2.在geth_rpc_getblock.js下的Unix系統上儲存以下shell指令碼。確保你具有執行它的正確許可權。
  • 3.在指令碼中調整geth命令的路徑。
  • 4.檢查命令./geth_rpc_getblock.js是否會帶來一些正確的輸出。它應返回類似Data::QBIT=27867000000;WETH=0;ETH=0.002650772的內容。
  • 5.將下面儲存在同一目錄下的geth_access.phpPHP指令碼。
  • 6.將$shellstring中的路徑調整為指令碼檔案位置。
  • 7.php指令碼應該回顯指令碼的輸出。Data::QBIT=27867000000;WETH=0;ETH=0.002650772。

你說對了！請記住，從長遠來看，使用php shell_exec命令訪問geth並不是很省事。

檔案：geth_rpc_getblock.js

#!/bin/sh
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Qubitica.net
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Don't define PARAM to use the standard IPC comms
# Use below to connect to RPC port

PARAM="rpc:http://85.214.51.53:8545"

/var/www/vhosts/ethernode.info/php/geth attach $PARAM << EOF | grep "Data:" | sed "s/Data: //"

var erc20ABI = [{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"name","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"string"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"_spender","type":"address"},{"name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"approve","outputs":[{"name":"success","type":"bool"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"totalSupply","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"_from","type":"address"},{"name":"_to","type":"address"},{"name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"transferFrom","outputs":[{"name":"success","type":"bool"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"decimals","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint8"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"burn","outputs":[{"name":"success","type":"bool"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"name":"balanceOf","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"_from","type":"address"},{"name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"burnFrom","outputs":[{"name":"success","type":"bool"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"symbol","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"string"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"_to","type":"address"},{"name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"transfer","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"_spender","type":"address"},{"name":"_value","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_extraData","type":"bytes"}],"name":"approveAndCall","outputs":[{"name":"success","type":"bool"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"},{"name":"","type":"address"}],"name":"allowance","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"name":"from","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"name":"to","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Transfer","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"name":"from","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Burn","type":"event"}];

//var QBITWalletAddress = "$1"; You may pass a parameter from the php call into this $1.

var QBITContractAddress1 = "0xCb5ea3c190d8f82DEADF7ce5Af855dDbf33e3962";
var QBITContractAddress2 = "0xc02aaa39b223fe8d0a0e5c4f27ead9083c756cc2";

var QBITWalletAddress = "0x842286ea00502f8e5b1ea40d17ebc4b70becda08";

var QBITContract1= web3.eth.contract(erc20ABI).at(QBITContractAddress1);
var QBITContract2= web3.eth.contract(erc20ABI).at(QBITContractAddress2);

var acctBal = web3.fromWei(eth.getBalance(QBITWalletAddress), "ether");
totalBal += parseFloat(acctBal);

var QBITbalanceOf = QBITContract1.balanceOf(QBITWalletAddress);
var WETHbalanceOf = QBITContract2.balanceOf(QBITWalletAddress);

console.log("Data:"+":QBIT="+  QBITbalanceOf +";WETH="+  WETHbalanceOf +";ETH="+  acctBal);

exit;
<<<<< New File

PHP指令碼：geth_access.php

<?php
$shellstring= "./geth_rpc_getblock.js";
$output=shell_exec($shellstring);
echo "$output";
?>

故障排除

  • shell指令碼對Windows換行符很敏感或返回\n\lf
  • 檢查許可權

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匯智網原創翻譯，轉載請標明出處。這裡是原文如何透過Geth、Node.js和UNIX/PHP訪問以太坊節點

本作品採用《CC 協議》，轉載必須註明作者和本文連結

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