Python如何使用tkinter編寫GUI程式

@(Python3中tkinter寫的HTTP測試工具程式碼支援正規表示式和XPATH)

程式非常簡單，暫時只支援GET方法，使用內建庫tkinter編寫GUI視窗，在Mac下執行效果圖如下，windows執行需要更改控制元件寬度高度等控制引數才能很好的顯示。

效果圖（使用XPATH匹配房天下網站）

程式碼如下，需要安裝requests和lxml第三方庫

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app.py.

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import scrolledtext
from tkinter import messagebox
import re
import requests
from lxml import etree
class Application(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master = master
        self.pack()
        self.create_widgets()
    def create_widgets(self):
        #bar
        self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self,width=980,height=65,bg='#ebf4ec')
        self.image_file = tk.PhotoImage(file='network.png')
        self.imag = self.canvas.create_image(50,0,anchor='n',image=self.image_file)
        self.canvas.create_text(480,35,text='HTTP測試工具',font=('Arial',35),)
        self.canvas.grid(row=0,columnspan=3)
        #method HTTP方法多選框
        self.var_method = tk.StringVar(self)
        self.var_method.set('GET')
        self.optionmenu = tk.OptionMenu(self,self.var_method,'GET','POST','PUT','PATCH','DELETE','HEAD','OPTIONS')
        .grid(row=1,column=0,padx=2,pady=2,ipadx=10,ipady=5)
        #url
        self.var_url = tk.StringVar(self)
        self.var_url.set('http://')
        self.url_entry = tk.Entry(self,font=('Arial',14),width=82,textvariable=self.var_url).grid(row=1,column=1,
        padx=1,pady=2,ipadx=10,ipady=5)
        #request button
        self.request_button = tk.Button(self, text='傳送請求', fg='#436EEE', command=self.request).grid(row=1,
        column=2,padx=2,pady=2,ipadx=10,ipady=5)
        #request header
        self.header_label = tk.Label(self,text='請求頭：').grid(row=3,column=0,padx=2,pady=2,ipadx=10,ipady=5)
        self.var_header = tk.StringVar(self)
        self.var_header.set('Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.12; rv:64.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/64.0')
        self.header_entry = tk.Entry(self,font=('Arial',14),width=82,textvariable=self.var_header).grid(row=3,
        column=1,padx=2,pady=2,ipadx=10,ipady=5)
        #regular expression
        self.re_header = tk.Label(self,text='正規表示式：').grid(row=4,column=0,padx=2,pady=2,ipadx=10,ipady=5)
        self.var_re = tk.StringVar(self)
        self.re_entry = tk.Entry(self,font=('Arial',14),width=82,textvariable=self.var_re).grid(row=4,column=1,
        padx=2,pady=2,ipadx=10,ipady=5)
        self.re_button = tk.Button(self, text='匹配全部',command=self.re_request).grid(row=4,column=2,padx=2,
        pady=2,ipadx=10,ipady=5)
        #xpath
        self.xpath_label = tk.Label(self,text='Xpath表示式：').grid(row=5,column=0,padx=2,pady=2,ipadx=10,ipady=5)
        self.var_xpath = tk.StringVar(self)
        self.xpath_entry = tk.Entry(self,font=('Arial',14),width=82,textvariable=self.var_xpath).grid(row=5,
        column=1,padx=2,pady=2,ipadx=10,ipady=5)
        self.xpath_button = tk.Button(self, text='匹配全部',command=self.xpath_request).grid(row=5,column=2,padx=2,
        pady=2,ipadx=10,ipady=5)
        #information
        self.var_status = tk.StringVar()
        self.var_status.set('當前狀態：未請求')
        self.information = tk.Label(self,textvariable=self.var_status,bg='#48D1CC',font=('Arial',14)).grid(row=6, 
        column=1, padx=2, pady=2, ipadx=10, ipady=5)
        #results
        self.textarea = tk.scrolledtext.ScrolledText(self,width=117,height=25,bg='black',fg='#00EE00',
        font=('Arial',14))
        self.textarea.grid(row=7,columnspan=3,pady=10)
    #xpath匹配
    def xpath_request(self):
        xpath = self.var_xpath.get()
        if xpath == '':
            messagebox.showinfo('警告', message='請輸入XPATH表示式！')
        else:
            url = self.var_url.get()
            header = self.var_header.get()
            headers = {'User-Agent':header}
            data = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers).text
            results = etree.HTML(data).xpath(xpath)
            self.textarea.delete('1.0', 'end')
            for i in results:
                self.textarea.insert('end',i.text + 'n')
    #正規表示式匹配
    def re_request(self):
        exp = self.var_re.get()
        if exp == '':
            messagebox.showinfo('警告',message='請輸入正規表示式！')
        else:
            url = self.var_url.get()
            header = self.var_header.get()
            headers = {'User-Agent':header}
            data = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers).text
            results = re.compile(exp).findall(data)
            self.textarea.delete('1.0', 'end')
            self.textarea.insert('end',results)
    def request(self):
        method = self.var_method.get()
        if method == 'GET':
            self.get_request()
        elif method == 'POST':
            self.post_request()
    def post_request(self):
        pass
        #還沒寫
    #傳送HTTP GET請求
    def get_request(self):
        self.textarea.delete('1.0','end')
        if self.var_header.get() == '':
            headers = {'User-Agent':''}
        else:
            headers = {'User-Agent':self.var_header.get()}
        url = self.var_url.get()
        data = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers)
        if (data.status_code == 200):
            self.var_status.set('當前狀態：'+ 'GET ' + url + '    '+ str(data.status_code)+' OK')
        elif (data.status_code == 404):
            self.var_status.set('當前狀態：' + str(data.status_code) + ' Not found')
        else:
            self.var_status.set('當前狀態：' + str(data.status_code))
        content = data.text
        self.textarea.insert('end',content)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = tk.Tk()
    root.title('KK HTTP測試工具')
    root.geometry('980x700')
    app = Application(master=root)
    app.mainloop()