作業系統：Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4 (Santiago)
資料庫版本：Release 11.2.0.4.0 + RAC + ASM
GI PSU：25476126 (11.2.0.4.170418)

一、升級OPatch工具
1、 OPatch 必須是 11.2.0.3.6 或之後的版本；

2、檢查grid,oracle軟體 OPatch工具版本：
su - grid
[grid@rac1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch version
OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.4

OPatch succeeded.

3、登入MOS，查詢patch 6880880 ，下載 11.2.0.0.0檔案p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip;

4、升級OPatch
4.1 備份OPatch目錄：分別對grid和oracle使用者下的OPatch目錄進行備份：
[root@rac1 ~]# su - grid
[grid@rac1 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/
[grid@rac1 grid]$mv OPatch OPatch_bak
[root@rac1 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/
[oracle@rac1 grid]$mv OPatch OPatch_bak

4.2、上傳檔案到/tmp
[root@rac1 tmp]# chmod grid:oinstall p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip
[root@rac1 tmp]# su - grid
[grid@rac1 ~]$ cd /tmp
[grid@rac1 tmp]$ unzip p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME/
[grid@rac1 tmp]$ /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch version
OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.16

OPatch succeeded.

[root@rac1 tmp]# chmod oracle:oinstall p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip
[root@rac1 tmp]# su - oracle
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ cd /tmp
[oracle@rac1 tmp]$ unzip p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME/
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/OPatch/opatch version
OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.16

OPatch succeeded.

二、建立OEM響應檔案
2.1、如果沒有配置OCM，按照下面的步驟執行：
[root@rac1 tmp]#su -grid
[grid@rac1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/ocm/bin/OPatch/ocm/bin/emocmrsp
#提示輸入郵箱，可直接按回車，然後輸入Y，即可在當前目錄下生成ocm.rsp檔案。

[root@rac1 tmp]#su - oracle
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/ocm/bin/emocmrsp
#提示輸入郵箱，可直接按回車，然後輸入Y，即可在當前目錄下生成ocm.rsp檔案。

三、開始升級GI 的PSU軟體包
3.1、上傳GI包p25476126_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip 到/home/grid，並解壓
chmod grid:oinstall p25476126_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip
unzip p25476126_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip

3.2、在安裝或者回滾PSU前必須用資料庫的屬主（一般為oracle）把EM agent停止
1、su - oracle
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole

3.3、檢視grid軟體補丁版本，輸出儲存，以便升級後對比；
su - grid
[grid@rac1 OPatch]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory

Oracle 中間補丁程式安裝程式版本 11.2.0.3.16
版權所有 (c) 2017, Oracle Corporation。保留所有權利。

Oracle Home : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.16
OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0
Log file location : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2017-06-14_22-32-23下午_1.log

Lsinventory Output file location : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2017-06-14_22-32-23下午.txt

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Machine Information::
Hostname: rac2
ARU platform id: 226
ARU platform description:: Linux x86-64

已安裝的頂級產品 (1):

Oracle Grid Infrastructure 11g 11.2.0.4.0
此 Oracle 主目錄中已安裝 1 個產品。

此 Oracle 主目錄中未安裝任何中間補丁程式。

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

OPatch succeeded.

3.4、檢視oracle軟體補丁版本
su - oracle
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory
Oracle 中間補丁程式安裝程式版本 11.2.0.3.16
版權所有 (c) 2017, Oracle Corporation。保留所有權利。

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.16
OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2017-06-14_16-59-32下午_1.log

Lsinventory Output file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2017-06-14_16-59-32下午.txt

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Machine Information::
Hostname: rac1
ARU platform id: 226
ARU platform description:: Linux x86-64

已安裝的頂級產品 (1):

Oracle Database 11g 11.2.0.4.0
此 Oracle 主目錄中已安裝 1 個產品。

此 Oracle 主目錄中未安裝任何中間補丁程式。

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

OPatch succeeded.

3.5、檢查補丁衝突
3.5.1用grid使用者：
$ cd
[grid@rac1 grid]$ cd 25476126/
[grid@rac1 25476126]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir ./
Oracle 中間補丁程式安裝程式版本 11.2.0.3.16
版權所有 (c) 2017, Oracle Corporation。保留所有權利。

PREREQ session

Oracle Home : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.16
OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0
Log file location : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2017-06-14_17-02-55下午_1.log

Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"

Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.

OPatch succeeded.

3.5.2用oracle使用者：
$ cd
[oracle@rac1 grid]$ cd 25476126/
[oracle@rac1 25476126]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir ./

Oracle 中間補丁程式安裝程式版本 11.2.0.3.16
版權所有 (c) 2017, Oracle Corporation。保留所有權利。

PREREQ session

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.16
OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2017-06-14_17-09-34下午_1.log

Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"

Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.

OPatch succeeded.

3.6、升級前的PSU(oracle)
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ opatch lsinventory -bugs_fixed | grep 'PSU'
[oracle@rac1 OPatch]$ opatch lspatches
此 Oracle 主目錄中未安裝任何中間補丁程式 "/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1".

OPatch succeeded.

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
set line 9999
col action_time for a30
col action for a10
col namespace for a10
col version for a10
col bundle_series for a10
col comments for a30

SELECT to_char(action_time, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') action_time,
action,
namespace,
version,
id,
bundle_series,
comments
FROM dba_registry_history D;

ACTION_TIME ACTION NAMESPACE VERSION ID BUNDLE_SER COMMENTS
------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------------------
2013-08-24 12:03:45 APPLY SERVER 11.2.0.4 0 PSU Patchset 11.2.0.2.0
2016-09-26 03:02:19 APPLY SERVER 11.2.0.4 0 PSU Patchset 11.2.0.2.0

四、開始升級GI （GI PSU中包括了DB的PSU）
4.1、Case 1:: 適用於GI和DB的ORACLE_HOME都在本地盤，不在共享盤，而且沒有使用ACFS
#使用AUTO升級方式：必須用root身份安裝補丁(不需要停止GI)
[root@rac1 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch auto /home/grid/25476126/ -ocmrf /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/ocm/bin/ocm.rsp
Executing /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/bin/perl /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/crs/patch11203.pl -patchdir /home/grid -patchn 25476126 -ocmrf /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/ocm/bin/ocm.rsp -paramfile /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params

This is the main log file: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto2017-06-14_17-25-24.log

This file will show your detected configuration and all the steps that opatchauto attempted to do on your system:
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto2017-06-14_17-25-24.report.log

2017-06-14 17:25:24: Starting Clusterware Patch Setup
Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params

Stopping RAC /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 ...
Stopped RAC /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 successfully

patch /home/grid/25476126/24732075 apply successful for home /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
patch /home/grid/25476126/23054319/custom/server/23054319 apply successful for home /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

Stopping CRS...
Stopped CRS successfully

patch /home/grid/25476126/24732075 apply successful for home /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
patch /home/grid/25476126/23054319 apply successful for home /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
patch /home/grid/25476126/22502505 apply successful for home /u01/app/11.2.0/grid

Starting CRS...
Installing Trace File Analyzer
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.

Starting RAC /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 ...
Started RAC /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 successfully

opatch auto succeeded.
執行了這個命令後，會自動停止這個節點上的GI和所有資源；
然後在GI和DB的ORACLE_HOME下都安裝GI 和DB的PSU；
最後會將這個節點上的GI和資源都啟動。
##上面的所有步驟在一臺節點執行完後，在其他節點依次執行。千萬不要同時在兩個節點執行opatch auto 命令。

五、資料庫資料字典
5.1、在任意一臺節點用oracle使用者連線到資料庫上（只需在一臺節點執行一次，不需要所有節點都執行）：
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
sqlplus /nolog
SQL> CONNECT / AS SYSDBA
SQL> STARTUP
SQL> @catbundle.sql psu apply
SQL> QUIT

5.2、OJVM PSU如果應用過之前的PSU，執行catbundle.sql指令碼會看到無效的JAVA類。如果這樣執行utlrp.sql指令碼，重新驗證這些java類。
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
sqlplus /nolog
SQL> CONNECT / AS SYSDBA
SQL> @utlrp.sql
Check the following log files in $ORACLE_BASE/cfgtoollogs/catbundle for any errors:

5.3、檢查$ORACLE_BASE/cfgtoollogs/catbundle 下任何錯誤日誌檔案：
catbundle_PSU_<database SID>_APPLY_<TIMESTAMP>.log
catbundle_PSU_<database SID>_GENERATE_<TIMESTAMP>.log

5.4 這個補丁包含OJVM Mitigation patch (Patch:19721304)，如果OJVM補丁已經安裝或計劃安裝，沒有必要在進行下一步操作。
否則，需要啟用OJVM補丁工作，需要以SYSDBA從admin目錄中執行以下操作：
SQL > @dbmsjdev.sql
SQL > exec dbms_java_dev.disable

5.5、如果您使用了RMAN，需要將您的RMAN catalog庫升級一下，執行：
$ rman catalog username/password@alias
RMAN> UPGRADE CATALOG;

六、升級後的版本檢查
6.1、檢查gi軟體版本（第五位）
[root@rac1 ~]# su - grid
[grid@rac1 OPatch]$ /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch lspatches
22502505;ACFS Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.160419 (22502505)
23054319;OCW Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.160719 (23054319)
24732075;Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.170418 (24732075)

6.2、檢查oracle軟體版本（第五位）
[root@rac1 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch lspatches
23054319;OCW Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.160719 (23054319)
24732075;Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.4.170418 (24732075)

OPatch succeeded.
到此，GI、Oracle軟體版本完成更新，同樣檢查rac2節點；

6.3、檢查資料字典
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Jun 15 16:52:38 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> set line 9999
SQL> col action_time for a30
SQL> col action for a10
SQL> col namespace for a10
SQL> col version for a10
SQL> col bundle_series for a10
SQL> col comments for a30

SQL> SELECT to_char(action_time, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') action_time,
2 action,
3 namespace,
4 version,
5 id,
6 bundle_series,
7 comments
8 FROM dba_registry_history D;

ACTION_TIME ACTION NAMESPACE VERSION ID BUNDLE_SER COMMENTS
------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------------------
2013-08-24 12:03:45 APPLY SERVER 11.2.0.4 0 PSU Patchset 11.2.0.2.0
2016-09-26 03:02:19 APPLY SERVER 11.2.0.4 0 PSU Patchset 11.2.0.2.0
2017-06-14 23:24:26 APPLY SERVER 11.2.0.4 170418 PSU PSU 11.2.0.4.170418

資料字典更新完成，至此，RAC 11.2.0.4.0 完成PSU更新。

###補丁解除安裝：
案例1：GI、Database 不是共享檔案系統
1、使用root使用者在叢集的每個節點執行以下命令：
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch auto /home/grid/25476126/ -rollback -ocmrf /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/ocm/bin/ocm.rsp

2、啟動所有資料庫例項：以下步驟都在5.1執行的節點執行
2.1、依次進入每個資料庫例項的oracle_home，以SYSDBA身份連線SQL*Plus
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
sqlplus /nolog
SQL> CONNECT / AS SYSDBA
SQL> STARTUP
SQL> @catbundle_PSU_<database SID PREFIX>_ROLLBACK.sql
SQL> QUIT

2.2、執行utlrp.sql重新驗證這些java類
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
sqlplus /nolog
SQL> CONNECT / AS SYSDBA
SQL> @utlrp.sql

3、檢查回退日誌中是否是報錯
cd $ORACLE_BASE/cfgtoollogs/catbundle
atbundle_PSU_<database SID>_ROLLBACK_<TIMESTAMP>.log

4、驗證回滾結果
$ opatch lsinventory

###遇到問題
報錯：unable to get oracle owner for
解決：export LANG=C

【Oracle】RAC 11.2.0.4.0 PSU 11.2.0.4.170418

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