MySQL Case-時間問題導致MySQL例項批次當機
資料庫當機資訊
客戶環境多套資料庫當機,error log資訊如下:
2021-08-17T13:17:18.033537+08:00 4 [Note] Got an error reading communication packets 2021-08-17T13:17:43.281992+08:00 5 [Note] Got an error reading communication packets 2021-08-17T13:32:21.657931+08:00 8 [Note] Aborted connection 8 to db: 'test' user: 'root' host: '127.0.0.1' (Got an error reading communication packets) 2021-08-17T13:32:27.918403+08:00 0 [Note] InnoDB: page_cleaner: 1000ms intended loop took 5250ms. The settings might not be optimal. (flushed=1465 and evicted=0, during the time.) 2021-08-17T14:24:21.727815+08:00 12 [Note] Aborted connection 12 to db: 'recover' user: 'root' host: 'localhost' (Got timeout reading communication packets) 2021-08-17T14:43:19.642209+08:00 14 [Note] Got an error reading communication packets 2021-08-17T15:43:40.972887+08:00 26 [Note] Got an error reading communication packets 2021-08-17T17:02:02.057400+08:00 0 [Note] InnoDB: page_cleaner: 1000ms intended loop took 10947ms. The settings might not be optimal. (flushed=408 and evicted=0, during the time.) 2021-08-17T17:02:29.974975+08:00 0 [Note] InnoDB: page_cleaner: 1000ms intended loop took 4875ms. The settings might not be optimal. (flushed=328 and evicted=0, during the time.) 2021-08-17T17:03:44.284632+08:00 0 [Note] InnoDB: page_cleaner: 1000ms intended loop took 7881ms. The settings might not be optimal. (flushed=4000 and evicted=0, during the time.) 2021-08-17T17:04:07.271494+08:00 0 [Note] InnoDB: page_cleaner: 1000ms intended loop took 8948ms. The settings might not be optimal. (flushed=4000 and evicted=0, during the time.) Status information: Current dir: /data/mysql_data/ Running threads: 2 Stack size: 262144 Current locks: lock: 0x7556b30: lock: 0x74ecee0: lock: 0x7494630: lock: 0x74d6910: lock: 0x74bdb70: lock: 0x74b73f0: lock: 0x74af850: lock: 0x211f760: lock: 0x211f680: lock: 0x211f5a0: lock: 0x211f4c0: lock: 0x211f3e0: lock: 0x211f300: lock: 0x211f220: lock: 0x211f140: lock: 0x211f060: lock: 0x211fd80: lock: 0x211c560: lock: 0x2120640: lock: 0x2120560: lock: 0x2120480: lock: 0x21203a0: lock: 0x21202c0: lock: 0x21201e0: lock: 0x2120100: lock: 0x2120020: lock: 0x211dce0: lock: 0x211f840: lock: 0x211e120: lock: 0x211e040: lock: 0x211df60: lock: 0x211de80: lock: 0x211ddc0: lock: 0x211ff40: lock: 0x211fe60: lock: 0x211e580: lock: 0x211e4a0: lock: 0x211e3c0: lock: 0x211e740: lock: 0x211bca0: lock: 0x211fca0: lock: 0x211cc60: lock: 0x211c9c0: lock: 0x211cb80: lock: 0x211c8e0: lock: 0x211caa0: lock: 0x211d200: lock: 0x211d2c0: lock: 0x211d380: lock: 0x211c480: lock: 0x211c3a0: lock: 0x211c800: lock: 0x211c2c0: lock: 0x211c720: lock: 0x211c1e0: lock: 0x211c640: lock: 0x211cfa0: lock: 0x211d060: lock: 0x211d120: lock: 0x211c100: lock: 0x211be60: lock: 0x211c020: lock: 0x211bd80: lock: 0x211bf40: lock: 0x211cd40: lock: 0x211ce00: lock: 0x211cec0: lock: 0x211f920: lock: 0x211fbc0: lock: 0x211fae0: lock: 0x211fa00: lock: 0x211ed40: lock: 0x211ec60: lock: 0x211eb80: lock: 0x211eaa0: lock: 0x211e9c0: lock: 0x211eec0: lock: 0x211e900: lock: 0x211e820: lock: 0x211ef80: lock: 0x211e660: lock: 0x211e200: lock: 0x211e2e0: lock: 0x211dc00: lock: 0x211db20: lock: 0x211d7a0: lock: 0x211da40: lock: 0x211d960: lock: 0x211d6c0: lock: 0x211d880: lock: 0x211d460: lock: 0x211d520: lock: 0x211d5e0: lock: 0x211ee00: Key caches: default Buffer_size: 8388608 Block_size: 1024 Division_limit: 100 Age_limit: 300 blocks used: 3 not flushed: 0 w_requests: 0 writes: 0 r_requests: 6 reads: 3 handler status: read_key: 15 read_next: 5050002 read_rnd 0 read_first: 17 write: 5050100 delete 0 update: 0 Table status: Opened tables: 123 Open tables: 108 Open files: 18 Open streams: 0 Memory status: <malloc version="1"> <heap nr="0"> <sizes> <size from="17" to="32" total="64" count="2"/> <size from="33" to="48" total="192" count="4"/> <size from="49" to="64" total="256" count="4"/> <size from="65" to="80" total="80" count="1"/> <size from="33" to="33" total="66" count="2"/> <size from="49" to="49" total="49" count="1"/> <size from="97" to="97" total="6596" count="68"/> <size from="113" to="113" total="791" count="7"/> <size from="145" to="145" total="290" count="2"/> <size from="273" to="273" total="546" count="2"/> <size from="353" to="353" total="1765" count="5"/> <size from="449" to="449" total="449" count="1"/> <size from="513" to="513" total="1026" count="2"/> <size from="8241" to="8241" total="24723" count="3"/> <size from="8753" to="8753" total="8753" count="1"/> <size from="16369" to="16369" total="49107" count="3"/> <size from="24529" to="24529" total="98116" count="4"/> <size from="32689" to="32689" total="32689" count="1"/> <size from="7729857" to="7729857" total="7729857" count="1"/> </sizes> <total type="fast" count="11" size="592"/> <total type="rest" count="103" size="7954823"/> <system type="current" size="103022592"/> <system type="max" size="103022592"/> <aspace type="total" size="103022592"/> <aspace type="mprotect" size="103022592"/> </heap> <heap nr="1"> <sizes> <size from="33" to="33" total="132" count="4"/> <size from="81" to="81" total="81" count="1"/> <size from="145" to="145" total="145" count="1"/> <size from="161" to="161" total="161" count="1"/> <size from="273" to="273" total="273" count="1"/> <size from="353" to="353" total="353" count="1"/> <size from="417" to="417" total="417" count="1"/> <size from="433" to="433" total="433" count="1"/> <size from="449" to="449" total="449" count="1"/> <size from="465" to="465" total="465" count="1"/> <size from="881" to="881" total="881" count="1"/> <size from="897" to="897" total="897" count="1"/> <size from="1361" to="1361" total="1361" count="1"/> <size from="2241" to="2257" total="11221" count="5"/> <unsorted from="897" to="66225" total="2507439" count="303"/> </sizes> <total type="fast" count="0" size="0"/> <total type="rest" count="324" size="2524708"/> <system type="current" size="339668992"/> <system type="max" size="339668992"/> <aspace type="total" size="4124672"/> <aspace type="mprotect" size="4124672"/> </heap> <heap nr="2"> <sizes> <size from="81" to="96" total="96" count="1"/> <size from="33" to="33" total="297" count="9"/> <size from="49" to="49" total="147" count="3"/> <size from="65" to="65" total="260" count="4"/> <size from="129" to="129" total="129" count="1"/> <size from="145" to="145" total="145" count="1"/> <size from="481" to="481" total="481" count="1"/> <size from="513" to="513" total="513" count="1"/> <size from="545" to="545" total="545" count="1"/> <size from="561" to="561" total="561" count="1"/> <size from="577" to="577" total="1154" count="2"/> <size from="625" to="625" total="625" count="1"/> <size from="689" to="689" total="689" count="1"/> <size from="737" to="737" total="737" count="1"/> <size from="769" to="769" total="769" count="1"/> <size from="849" to="849" total="849" count="1"/> <size from="945" to="945" total="945" count="1"/> <size from="6257" to="6257" total="6257" count="1"/> <size from="55489" to="55489" total="55489" count="1"/> <unsorted from="33" to="33" total="33" count="1"/> </sizes> <total type="fast" count="1" size="96"/> <total type="rest" count="33" size="70625"/> <system type="current" size="3301376"/> <system type="max" size="3301376"/> <aspace type="total" size="3301376"/> <aspace type="mprotect" size="3301376"/> </heap> <heap nr="3"> <sizes> <size from="33" to="48" total="240" count="5"/> <size from="49" to="64" total="64" count="1"/> <size from="65" to="80" total="240" count="3"/> <size from="33" to="33" total="66" count="2"/> <size from="65" to="65" total="65" count="1"/> <size from="241" to="241" total="482" count="2"/> <size from="273" to="273" total="273" count="1"/> <size from="625" to="625" total="625" count="1"/> <size from="1009" to="1009" total="1009" count="1"/> <size from="1025" to="1025" total="1025" count="1"/> <size from="1249" to="1249" total="1249" count="1"/> <size from="1313" to="1313" total="1313" count="1"/> <size from="1585" to="1585" total="1585" count="1"/> <size from="2721" to="2721" total="2721" count="1"/> <size from="16417" to="16417" total="16417" count="1"/> </sizes> <total type="fast" count="9" size="544"/> <total type="rest" count="14" size="26830"/> <system type="current" size="151552"/> <system type="max" size="151552"/> <aspace type="total" size="151552"/> <aspace type="mprotect" size="151552"/> </heap> <heap nr="4"> <sizes> <size from="65" to="80" total="80" count="1"/> <size from="81" to="81" total="81" count="1"/> <size from="113" to="113" total="113" count="1"/> <size from="241" to="241" total="241" count="1"/> </sizes> <total type="fast" count="1" size="80"/> <total type="rest" count="3" size="435"/> <system type="current" size="135168"/> <system type="max" size="135168"/> <aspace type="total" size="135168"/> <aspace type="mprotect" size="135168"/> </heap> <heap nr="5"> <sizes> <size from="113" to="113" total="113" count="1"/> </sizes> <total type="fast" count="0" size="0"/> <total type="rest" count="1" size="113"/> <system type="current" size="135168"/> <system type="max" size="135168"/> <aspace type="total" size="135168"/> <aspace type="mprotect" size="135168"/> </heap> <heap nr="6"> <sizes> <size from="113" to="113" total="113" count="1"/> </sizes> <total type="fast" count="0" size="0"/> <total type="rest" count="1" size="113"/> <system type="current" size="135168"/> <system type="max" size="135168"/> <aspace type="total" size="135168"/> <aspace type="mprotect" size="135168"/> </heap> <heap nr="7"> <sizes> <size from="65" to="65" total="65" count="1"/> </sizes> <total type="fast" count="0" size="0"/> <total type="rest" count="1" size="65"/> <system type="current" size="135168"/> <system type="max" size="135168"/> <aspace type="total" size="135168"/> <aspace type="mprotect" size="135168"/> </heap> <heap nr="8"> <sizes> </sizes> <total type="fast" count="0" size="0"/> <total type="rest" count="0" size="0"/> <system type="current" size="389120"/> <system type="max" size="389120"/> <aspace type="total" size="389120"/> <aspace type="mprotect" size="389120"/> </heap> <total type="fast" count="22" size="1312"/> <total type="rest" count="480" size="10577712"/> <total type="mmap" count="81" size="362438656"/> <system type="current" size="447074304"/> <system type="max" size="447074304"/> <aspace type="total" size="111529984"/> <aspace type="mprotect" size="111529984"/> </malloc> Events status: LLA = Last Locked At LUA = Last Unlocked At WOC = Waiting On Condition DL = Data Locked Event scheduler status: State : INITIALIZED Thread id : 0 LLA : n/a:0 LUA : n/a:0 WOC : NO Workers : 0 Executed : 0 Data locked: NO Event queue status: Element count : 0 Data locked : NO Attempting lock : NO LLA : init_queue:103 LUA : init_queue:111 WOC : NO Next activation : never 2021-08-17T17:08:10.123540+08:00 0 [Note] InnoDB: page_cleaner: 1000ms intended loop took 8773ms. The settings might not be optimal. (flushed=0 and evicted=0, during the time.) 2021-08-17T17:08:27.584420+08:00 0 [Note] InnoDB: page_cleaner: 1000ms intended loop took 7896ms. The settings might not be optimal. (flushed=3417 and evicted=0, during the time.) 2021-08-17T17:08:27.871717+08:00 32 [Note] Aborted connection 32 to db: 'test' user: 'root' host: '127.0.0.1' (Got an error reading communication packets) 2021-08-17T17:43:32.012491+08:00 34 [Note] Got an error reading communication packets 2021-08-17T17:45:25.898084+08:00 35 [Note] Got packets out of order 2050-10-10T20:00:05.358937+08:00 36 [Warning] Current time has got past year 2038. Validating current time with 5 iterations before initiating the normal server shutdown process. 2050-10-10T20:00:05.385232+08:00 36 [Warning] Iteration 1: Current time obtained from system is greater than 2038 2050-10-10T20:00:05.385246+08:00 36 [Warning] Iteration 2: Current time obtained from system is greater than 2038 2050-10-10T20:00:05.385250+08:00 36 [Warning] Iteration 3: Current time obtained from system is greater than 2038 2050-10-10T20:00:05.385253+08:00 36 [Warning] Iteration 4: Current time obtained from system is greater than 2038 2050-10-10T20:00:05.385256+08:00 36 [Warning] Iteration 5: Current time obtained from system is greater than 2038 2050-10-10T20:00:05.408669+08:00 36 [ERROR] This MySQL server doesn't support dates later than 2038 2050-10-10T20:00:05.746302+08:00 0 [Note] Giving 0 client threads a chance to die gracefully 2050-10-10T20:00:05.746331+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down slave threads 2050-10-10T20:00:05.746340+08:00 0 [Note] Forcefully disconnecting 0 remaining clients 2050-10-10T20:00:05.770946+08:00 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Purging the queue. 0 events 2050-10-10T20:00:05.822777+08:00 0 [Note] Binlog end 2050-10-10T20:00:05.942614+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'ngram' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.948141+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'partition' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.948176+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'BLACKHOLE' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.948187+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'ARCHIVE' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.948192+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.964149+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MRG_MYISAM' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.964186+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MyISAM' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.967164+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_VIRTUAL' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.968176+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_DATAFILES' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.968196+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLESPACES' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.968200+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN_COLS' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.968204+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.968207+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FIELDS' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.968210+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_COLUMNS' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.968214+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_INDEXES' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.968217+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLESTATS' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.968220+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLES' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.968223+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_INDEX_TABLE' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.968226+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_INDEX_CACHE' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.968229+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_CONFIG' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.968232+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_BEING_DELETED' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.968235+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_DELETED' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972522+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972537+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_METRICS' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972545+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_TEMP_TABLE_INFO' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972549+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972554+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE_LRU' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972558+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972562+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX_RESET' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972568+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972576+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972580+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMPMEM' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972584+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_RESET' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972588+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972593+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_LOCK_WAITS' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972597+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_LOCKS' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972601+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_TRX' 2050-10-10T20:00:05.972606+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'InnoDB' 2050-10-10T20:00:06.009896+08:00 0 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting. 2050-10-10T20:00:06.010211+08:00 0 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 2050-10-10T20:00:06.111955+08:00 0 [Note] InnoDB: Dumping buffer pool(s) to /data/mysql_data/ib_buffer_pool 2050-10-10T20:00:06.135351+08:00 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) dump completed at 501010 20:00:06 2050-10-10T20:00:27.872226+08:00 0 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 3757316759 2050-10-10T20:00:27.881295+08:00 0 [Note] InnoDB: Removed temporary tablespace data file: "ibtmp1" 2050-10-10T20:00:27.881333+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MEMORY' 2050-10-10T20:00:27.883896+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'CSV' 2050-10-10T20:00:27.883923+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'sha256_password' 2050-10-10T20:00:27.883934+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_native_password' 2050-10-10T20:00:27.907348+08:00 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'binlog' 2050-10-10T20:00:27.945216+08:00 0 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Shutdown complete
[ERROR]ThisMySQLserverdoesn'tsupportdateslaterthan2038
從上述錯誤可以看出,超過MySQL支援的時間範圍,經過確認,當機的資料庫都為vmare上的虛擬機器,從下面可以看出,虛擬機器時間取自於宿主機,運維人員誤更改宿主機系統時間導致
那麼我們來看下為什麼時間不能超過2038年呢?
千年蟲2038年問題
和21世紀初的千年蟲(the Millennium bug)問題類似,32位的Unix作業系統和Linux作業系統時間溢位問題又稱為 (the Year 2038 problem)。如果你想知道什麼是2038問題的話,你需要知道一些技術上的東西。這個bug是由用來寫Unix/Linux的C語言引起的,C語言中用 time_t 來代表時間和日期,time_t 是整數(int)型的,它用來記載從1970年1月1日到2000年所經歷的秒數。
這個資料是以32位儲存的,第一位是符號位,其餘的31位用來存數字,而這31位數字可以儲存的最大數字為2147483647。
從1970年開始計算,這31位的數字可以表示的秒數最多可以用到2038年01月19日03時14分07秒,當時間到達這個數字的時候系統將會出現問題,到時候數字不會自動增加,而是會變為-2147483648,而這串數字代表的時間是1901年12月13日20時45分52秒,這會導致很多的程式出現問題,甚至崩潰。
2038年問題不僅比千年蟲更隱蔽,而且比之前千年蟲問題更具有破壞力,因為千年蟲問題只會導致應用層的程式出現問題,比如信用卡支付系統,或者管理系統。而2038這個bug,將會影響系統最底層的時間控制的功能。
要解決這個問題,最簡單的方式是擴充套件Unix時間的長度,用64位數字來表示它。64位二進位制數的實際可用位數是63位,最大表示到公曆的UTC時間292,277,026,596年12月4日15時30分08秒. 如果那個時候人類文明還存在的話,公元紀年很可能已經因為太難用而被拋棄了. 理想的情況是到2038年,64位系統已經成為主流,從而避免特意去修正這個問題所需要的大量開銷。否則,人們就必須把新的64位時間拆分成兩部分並分別儲存在兩個變數裡,這是一個麻煩而且效率低下的選擇.
8.0.26版本仍然有這個問題
if (thd->killed == THD::KILL_QUERY) thd->killed = THD::NOT_KILLED; thd->set_time(); if (is_time_t_valid_for_timestamp(thd->query_start_in_secs()) == false) { /* If the time has gone past 2038 we need to shutdown the server. But there is possibility of getting invalid time value on some platforms. For example, gettimeofday() might return incorrect value on solaris platform. Hence validating the current time with 5 iterations before initiating the normal server shutdown process because of time getting past 2038. */ const int max_tries = 5; LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CONFIRMING_THE_FUTURE, max_tries); int tries = 0; while (++tries <= max_tries) { thd->set_time(); if (is_time_t_valid_for_timestamp(thd->query_start_in_secs()) == true) { LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_BACK_IN_TIME, tries); break; } LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_FUTURE_DATE, tries); } if (tries > max_tries) { /* If the time has got past 2038 we need to shut this server down We do this by making sure every command is a shutdown and we have enough privileges to shut the server down TODO: remove this when we have full 64 bit my_time_t support */
從以上這兩段註釋來看, MySQL 內部變數 my_time_t 不支援 64 位,在到達2038年之後,MySQL 無法執行任何命令,直接關閉。
從mysql_time.h中可以看到TEMESTAMP時間最大值定義為int32
constexpr const int TIMESTAMP_MAX_VALUE = std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max();constexpr const int TIMESTAMP_MIN_VALUE = 1;
時間欄位選擇
在MySQL中時間欄位,timestamp最大值也為2038年,這也是由於timestamp實際儲存的是int值,
可以看到在一些開發規範中也是要使用datetime型別。
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/datetime.html
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作者:姚崇 Oracle OCM、 OCP、Oceanbase OBCA、PingCAP PCTA認證,擅長基於Oracle、 Performance Turning及多種關係型 NoSQL 。
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