SharePoint REST API - 列表和列表項

Justin-Liu發表於2017-08-23
RESTAPI

部落格地址：http://blog.csdn.net/FoxDave

本篇主要講述如何用SharePoint REST操作列表和列表項。閱讀本篇時請先了解前面講述的REST介紹和基本操作。

廢話不多說了，下面開始。

用REST獲取列表屬性

當你知道一個列表的GUID時，你可以用下面的請求來獲取這個列表物件。

url: http://site url/_api/web/lists(guid'list GUID'),
method: GET
Headers:
    Authorization: "Bearer " + accessToken
    accept: "application/json;odata=verbose" or "application/atom+xml"
如果你知道一個列表的標題，那麼可以用下面的請求。

url: http://site url/_api/web/lists/GetByTitle('Test')
method: GET
Headers:
    Authorization: "Bearer " + accessToken
    accept: "application/json;odata=verbose" or "application/atom+xml"
下面是一個通過請求返回的XML結果示例，基本是跟API的屬性對應的，就不做過多講解了。

<content type="application/xml">
    <m:properties>
        <d:AllowContentTypes m:type="Edm.Boolean">true</d:AllowContentTypes> 
        <d:BaseTemplate m:type="Edm.Int32">100</d:BaseTemplate> 
        <d:BaseType m:type="Edm.Int32">0</d:BaseType> 
        <d:ContentTypesEnabled m:type="Edm.Boolean">false</d:ContentTypesEnabled> 
        <d:Created m:type="Edm.DateTime">2012-06-26T23:15:58Z</d:Created> 
        <d:DefaultContentApprovalWorkflowId m:type="Edm.Guid">00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000</d:DefaultContentApprovalWorkflowId> 
        <d:Description>A list created by Project Based Retention used to store Project Policy Items.</d:Description> 
        <d:Direction>none</d:Direction> 
        <d:DocumentTemplateUrl m:null="true" /> 
        <d:DraftVersionVisibility m:type="Edm.Int32">0</d:DraftVersionVisibility> 
        <d:EnableAttachments m:type="Edm.Boolean">true</d:EnableAttachments> 
        <d:EnableFolderCreation m:type="Edm.Boolean">false</d:EnableFolderCreation> 
        <d:EnableMinorVersions m:type="Edm.Boolean">false</d:EnableMinorVersions> 
        <d:EnableModeration m:type="Edm.Boolean">false</d:EnableModeration> 
        <d:EnableVersioning m:type="Edm.Boolean">false</d:EnableVersioning> 
        <d:EntityTypeName>ProjectPolicyItemList</d:EntityTypeName> 
        <d:ForceCheckout m:type="Edm.Boolean">false</d:ForceCheckout> 
        <d:HasExternalDataSource m:type="Edm.Boolean">false</d:HasExternalDataSource> 
        <d:Hidden m:type="Edm.Boolean">true</d:Hidden> 
        <d:Id m:type="Edm.Guid">74de3ff3-029c-42f9-bd2a-1e9463def69d</d:Id> 
        <d:ImageUrl>/_layouts/15/images/itgen.gif</d:ImageUrl> 
        <d:IrmEnabled m:type="Edm.Boolean">false</d:IrmEnabled> 
        <d:IrmExpire m:type="Edm.Boolean">false</d:IrmExpire> 
        <d:IrmReject m:type="Edm.Boolean">false</d:IrmReject> 
        <d:IsApplicationList m:type="Edm.Boolean">false</d:IsApplicationList> 
        <d:IsCatalog m:type="Edm.Boolean">false</d:IsCatalog> 
        <d:IsPrivate m:type="Edm.Boolean">false</d:IsPrivate> 
        <d:ItemCount m:type="Edm.Int32">0</d:ItemCount> 
        <d:LastItemDeletedDate m:type="Edm.DateTime">2012-06-26T23:15:58Z</d:LastItemDeletedDate> 
        <d:LastItemModifiedDate m:type="Edm.DateTime">2012-06-26T23:15:59Z</d:LastItemModifiedDate> 
        <d:ListItemEntityTypeFullName>SP.Data.ProjectPolicyItemListItem</d:ListItemEntityTypeFullName> 
        <d:MultipleDataList m:type="Edm.Boolean">false</d:MultipleDataList> 
        <d:NoCrawl m:type="Edm.Boolean">true</d:NoCrawl> 
        <d:ParentWebUrl>/</d:ParentWebUrl> 
        <d:ServerTemplateCanCreateFolders m:type="Edm.Boolean">true</d:ServerTemplateCanCreateFolders> 
        <d:TemplateFeatureId m:type="Edm.Guid">00bfea71-de22-43b2-a848-c05709900100</d:TemplateFeatureId> 
        <d:Title>Project Policy Item List</d:Title> 
    </m:properties>
  </content>
注意ListItemEntityTypeFullName這個屬性，它重要的原因是當你需要建立或更新列表項時，必須傳遞該引數作為後設資料metadata中的type屬性。

使用REST操作列表

建立一個列表的請求如下所示。

url: http://site url/_api/web/lists
method: POST
body: { '__metadata': { 'type': 'SP.List' }, 'AllowContentTypes': true, 'BaseTemplate': 100,
 'ContentTypesEnabled': true, 'Description': 'My list description', 'Title': 'Test' }
Headers: 
    Authorization: "Bearer " + accessToken
    X-RequestDigest: form digest value
    accept: "application/json;odata=verbose"
    content-type: "application/json;odata=verbose"
    content-length:length of post body
下面的程式碼演示瞭如何通過MERGE方法更新列表。

url: http://site url/_api/web/lists(guid'list GUID')
method: POST
body: { '__metadata': { 'type': 'SP.List' }, 'Title': 'New title' }
Headers: 
    Authorization: "Bearer " + accessToken
    X-RequestDigest: form digest value
    IF-MATCH": etag or "*"
    X-HTTP-Method: MERGE,
    accept: "application/json;odata=verbose"
    content-type: "application/json;odata=verbose"
    content-length:length of post body
接下來的程式碼演示瞭如何向一個列表中新增自定義欄位。

Url: url: http://site url/_api/web/lists(guid'list GUID')/Fields
Method:POST
Body: { '__metadata': { 'type': 'SP.Field' }, 'Title': 'field title', 'FieldTypeKind': FieldType value,'Required': 'true/false', 'EnforceUniqueValues': 'true/false','StaticName': 'field name'}
Headers: 
    Authorization: "Bearer " + accessToken
    X-RequestDigest: form digest value
    content-type: "application/json;odata=verbose"
    content-length:length of post body
接下來是如何刪除一個列表。
url: http://site url/_api/web/lists(guid'list GUID')
method: POST
Headers: 
    Authorization: "Bearer " + accessToken
    X-RequestDigest: form digest value
    IF-MATCH: etag or "*"
    X-HTTP-Method: DELETE
使用REST操作列表項
下面的示例展示瞭如何獲取列表中所有的列表項。

url: http://site url/_api/web/lists/GetByTitle('Test')/items
method: GET
headers:
    Authorization: "Bearer " + accessToken
    accept: "application/json;odata=verbose" or "application/atom+xml"
注意在查詢列表項時，$skip需要改用$skiptoken。

下面的示例展示瞭如何通過列表項ID獲取指定的列表項。

url: http://site url/_api/web/lists/GetByTitle('Test')/items(item id)
method: GET
headers:
    Authorization: "Bearer " + accessToken
    accept: "application/json;odata=verbose" or "application/atom+xml"
下面的XML是一個請求返回的示例。

<content type="application/xml">
<m:properties> 
<d:FileSystemObjectType m:type="Edm.Int32">0</d:FileSystemObjectType>
<d:Id m:type="Edm.Int32">1</d:Id>
<d:ID m:type="Edm.Int32">1</d:ID>
<d:ContentTypeId>0x010049564F321A0F0543BA8C6303316C8C0F</d:ContentTypeId>
<d:Title>an item</d:Title>
<d:Modified m:type="Edm.DateTime">2012-07-24T22:47:26Z</d:Modified>
<d:Created m:type="Edm.DateTime">2012-07-24T22:47:26Z</d:Created>
<d:AuthorId m:type="Edm.Int32">11</d:AuthorId>
<d:EditorId m:type="Edm.Int32">11</d:EditorId>
<d:OData__UIVersionString>1.0</d:OData__UIVersionString>
<d:Attachments m:type="Edm.Boolean">false</d:Attachments>
<d:GUID m:type="Edm.Guid">eb6850c5-9a30-4636-b282-234eda8b1057</d:GUID>
</m:properties>
</content>
下面的程式碼演示如何建立一個列表項。

url: http://site url/_api/web/lists/GetByTitle('Test')/items
method: POST
body: { '__metadata': { 'type': 'SP.Data.TestListItem' }, 'Title': 'Test'}
headers:
    Authorization: "Bearer " + accessToken
     X-RequestDigest: form digest value
    accept: "application/json;odata=verbose"
    content-type: "application/json;odata=verbose"
    content-length:length of post body
注意這裡你需要知道上面提到的ListItemEntityTypeFullName值並把它作為type引數傳遞。
下面的程式碼展示瞭如何更新一個列表項。
url: http://site url/_api/web/lists/GetByTitle('Test')/items(item id)
method: POST
body: { '__metadata': { 'type': 'SP.Data.TestListItem' }, 'Title': 'TestUpdated'}
headers:
    Authorization: "Bearer " + accessToken
     X-RequestDigest: form digest value
    "IF-MATCH": etag or "*"
    "X-HTTP-Method":"MERGE",
    accept: "application/json;odata=verbose"
    content-type: "application/json;odata=verbose"
    content-length:length of post body
接下來是刪除列表項。
url: http://site url/_api/web/lists/GetByTitle('Test')/items(item id)
method: POST
headers:
    Authorization: "Bearer " + accessToken
     X-RequestDigest: form digest value
    "IF-MATCH": etag or "*"
    "X-HTTP-Method":"DELETE"
另外說明一點，在用REST操作列表項時，如何需要考慮版本，可以使用ETag屬性，具體可以到必應搜尋瞭解一下，這裡不做過多闡述了。

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