CentOS 6.9 升級 glibc 2.12 到 2.17（qbit）

qbit發表於2022-07-06
CentOS

前言

  • 當前日期是 2022.7.6，CentOS 6 停止維護更新日期是 2020.11.30，CentOS 6 已停止維護近兩年
  • 由於種種原因，qbit 需要在 CentOS 6.9 上通過 Miniconda 安裝 Python 3.8，發現 glibc 版本太舊裝不上，於是試驗升級了glibc

  • 初始環境

    CentOS 6.9 x86_64
glibc 2.12

升級步驟

  • 直接安裝 MiniConda3 報錯

    $ sh Miniconda3-py38_4.12.0-Linux-x86_64.sh 
WARNING:
  The installer is not compatible with the version of the Linux distribution
  installed on your system. The version of GLIBC is no longer supported.
  Found version 2.12, which is less than 2.17
Aborting installation.

  • 檢視當前 glibc 版本

    $ ldd --version
ldd (GNU libc) 2.12
Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
由 Roland McGrath 和 Ulrich Drepper 編寫。

  • 切換軟體倉庫（centos-vault源）

     curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-6.10.repo

  • 生成快取

    yum makecache

  • 用 github 上的指令碼升級 glibc，指令碼內容如下

    #!/bin/bash

# update glibc to 2.17 for CentOS 6

GLIBC=glibc
OS=el6
SERVER=https://copr-be.cloud.fedoraproject.org/results/mosquito/myrepo-el6
VERSION=2.17-55
FULL_VERSION=$GLIBC-$VERSION.fc20
X64=x86_64
I386=i386
I636=i686
REPO_32=epel-6-$I386
REPO_64=epel-6-$X64

SERVER_32=$SERVER/$REPO_32/$FULL_VERSION
RPM_32=$VERSION.$OS.$I636.rpm
SERVER_64=$SERVER/$REPO_64/$FULL_VERSION
RPM_64=$VERSION.$OS.$X64.rpm

# Packages
P_1=$GLIBC
P_2=$GLIBC-common
P_3=$GLIBC-devel
P_4=$GLIBC-headers
P_5=$GLIBC-static
P_6=$GLIBC-utils
P_7=nscd

# Required as dependency of glibc-utils
sudo yum install --assumeyes gd

# 64-bit
sudo rpm -Uvh --force $SERVER_64/$P_1-$RPM_64 $SERVER_64/$P_2-$RPM_64 $SERVER_64/$P_3-$RPM_64 $SERVER_64/$P_4-$RPM_64 $SERVER_64/$P_5-$RPM_64 $SERVER_64/$P_6-$RPM_64 $SERVER_64/$P_7-$RPM_64
# Print out versions
strings /lib64/libc.so.6 | grep GLIBC

  • 再次檢查當前 glibc 版本（不用重啟）

    $ ldd --version
ldd (GNU libc) 2.17
Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.

  • 正常安裝 Miniconda3

    $ sh Miniconda3-py38_4.12.0-Linux-x86_64.sh 

Welcome to Miniconda3 py38_4.12.0

In order to continue the installation process, please review the license
agreement.
Please, press ENTER to continue
>>>

後記

  • 安裝 Miniconda 後發現 pip3 不能安裝包，一直卡住不動

    $ pip3 install pipx -vvv
Using pip 21.2.4 from /home/centos/miniconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip (python 3.8)
Non-user install because site-packages writeable
Created temporary directory: /tmp/pip-ephem-wheel-cache-jyavgj8d
Created temporary directory: /tmp/pip-req-tracker-uag0fca1
Initialized build tracking at /tmp/pip-req-tracker-uag0fca1
Created build tracker: /tmp/pip-req-tracker-uag0fca1
Entered build tracker: /tmp/pip-req-tracker-uag0fca1
Created temporary directory: /tmp/pip-install-i3llrili
Looking in indexes: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
 1 location(s) to search for versions of pipx:
 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/pipx/
Fetching project page and analyzing links: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/pipx/
Getting page https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/pipx/
Found index url https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
Looking up "https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/pipx/" in the cache
Request header has "max_age" as 0, cache bypassed
Starting new HTTPS connection (1): mirrors.aliyun.com:443

  • 排查後發現是 Miniconda 的 openssl 有問題

    $ which openssl
~/miniconda3/bin/openssl
$ openssl version
OpenSSL 1.1.1n  15 Mar 2022
$ openssl s_client mirrors.aliyun.com:443
卡住...

  • 解決方式一，用 http 倉庫代替 https 倉庫

    pip3 config set global.index-url http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
pip3 config set global.trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com
本文出自qbit snap

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