拼音搜尋在中文搜尋環境中是經常使用的一種功能，使用者只需要輸入關鍵詞的拼音全拼或者拼音首字母，搜尋引擎就可以搜尋出相關結果。在國內，中文輸入法基本上都是基於漢語拼音的，這種在符合使用者輸入習慣的條件下縮短使用者輸入時間的功能是非常受歡迎的；
一、安裝拼音搜尋外掛
下載對應版本的elasticsearch-analysis-pinyin外掛；
https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-pinyin/releases/download/v7.9.2/elasticsearch-analysis-pinyin-7.9.2.zip
在elasticsearch安裝目錄下的的plugin目錄新建analysis-pinyin目錄，並解壓下載的安裝包；
重啟elasticsearch，可以看到已經正常載入拼音外掛
[2022-01-13T20:37:25,368][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [mango] loaded plugin [analysis-pinyin]
二、使用拼音外掛
試一下分詞效果，可以看到除了每個詞的全頻，還有每個字的首字母縮寫；
POST _analyze
{
"analyzer": "pinyin",
"text": "我愛你,中國"
}
{
"tokens" : [
{
"token" : "wo",
"start_offset" : 0,
"end_offset" : 0,
"type" : "word",
"position" : 0
},
{
"token" : "wanzg",
"start_offset" : 0,
"end_offset" : 0,
"type" : "word",
"position" : 0
},
{
"token" : "ai",
"start_offset" : 0,
"end_offset" : 0,
"type" : "word",
"position" : 1
},
{
"token" : "ni",
"start_offset" : 0,
"end_offset" : 0,
"type" : "word",
"position" : 2
},
{
"token" : "zhong",
"start_offset" : 0,
"end_offset" : 0,
"type" : "word",
"position" : 3
},
{
"token" : "guo",
"start_offset" : 0,
"end_offset" : 0,
"type" : "word",
"position" : 4
}
]
}
自定義pinyin filter，並建立mapping；
PUT /milk
{
"settings": {
"analysis": {
"filter": {
"pinyin_filter":{
"type":"pinyin",
"keep_separate_first_letter" : false,
"keep_full_pinyin" : true,
"keep_original" : true,
"limit_first_letter_length" : 16,
"lowercase" : true,
"remove_duplicated_term" : true
}
},
"analyzer": {
"ik_pinyin_analyzer":{
"tokenizer":"ik_max_word",
"filter":["pinyin_filter"]
}
}
}
},
"mappings": {
"properties": {
"brand":{
"type": "text",
"analyzer": "ik_pinyin_analyzer"
},
"series":{
"type": "text",
"analyzer": "ik_pinyin_analyzer"
},
"price":{
"type": "float"
}
}
}
}
批量索引文件；
POST _bulk
{"index":{"_index":"milk", "_id":1}}}
{"brand":"蒙牛", "series":"特侖蘇", "price":60}
{"index":{"_index":"milk", "_id":2}}}
{"brand":"蒙牛", "series":"真果粒", "price":40}
{"index":{"_index":"milk", "_id":3}}}
{"brand":"華山牧", "series":"華山牧", "price":49.90}
{"index":{"_index":"milk", "_id":4}}}
{"brand":"伊利", "series":"安慕希", "price":49.90}
{"index":{"_index":"milk", "_id":5}}}
{"brand":"伊利", "series":"金典", "price":49.90}
搜尋tls，可以看到已經匹配到對應的記錄；
POST milk/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase_prefix": {
"series": "tl"
}
}
}
{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 6.691126,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "milk",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 6.691126,
"_source" : {
"brand" : "蒙牛",
"series" : "特侖蘇",
"price" : 60
}
}
]
}
}
可以看到查詢直接使用MultiPhraseQuery來實現對兩個位置字元的定位；
POST milk/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase_prefix": {
"series": "tl"
}
},
"highlight": {
"fields": {
"series": {}
}
}
}
{
"profile" : {
"shards" : [
{
"id" : "[OoNXoregTmKQAFotUgOeaA][milk][0]",
"searches" : [
{
"query" : [
{
"type" : "MultiPhraseQuery",
"description" : "series:\"(t tl) (li l lun)\"",
"time_in_nanos" : 177400,
"breakdown" : {
"set_min_competitive_score_count" : 0,
"match_count" : 1,
"shallow_advance_count" : 0,
"set_min_competitive_score" : 0,
"next_doc" : 5400,
"match" : 12800,
"next_doc_count" : 1,
"score_count" : 1,
"compute_max_score_count" : 0,
"compute_max_score" : 0,
"advance" : 9200,
"advance_count" : 1,
"score" : 3900,
"build_scorer_count" : 2,
"create_weight" : 40800,
"shallow_advance" : 0,
"create_weight_count" : 1,
"build_scorer" : 105300
}
}
],
"rewrite_time" : 45700,
"collector" : [
{
"name" : "SimpleTopScoreDocCollector",
"reason" : "search_top_hits",
"time_in_nanos" : 14500
}
]
}
],
"aggregations" : [ ]
}
]
}
}
查詢也可以返回高亮資訊
POST milk/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase_prefix": {
"series": "tl"
}
},
"highlight": {
"fields": {
"series": {}
}
}
}
{
"took" : 2,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 6.691126,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "milk",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 6.691126,
"_source" : {
"brand" : "蒙牛",
"series" : "特侖蘇",
"price" : 60
},
"highlight" : {
"series" : [
"<em>特</em><em>侖</em>蘇"
]
}
}
]
}
}