寫給前端程式設計師的英文學習指南

前言

我是如何渡過這8天呢？

下圖展示的就是這8天過的情況（沸點）：

達達前端技術社群：囊括前端Vue、JavaScript、資料結構與演算法、實戰演練、Node全棧一線技術，緊跟業界發展步伐，一個熱愛前端的達達程式設計師。以下寫給程式設計師的英文學習指南，每天看一遍。

名詞

名詞：用來表示人，事物，地點，時間，事件以及抽象概念等名稱的詞。

名詞的分類：普通名詞（可數名詞：個體名詞，集體名詞，不可數名詞：物質名詞，抽象名詞），專有名稱。

個體名詞：university大學,worker工人,customer顧客,program節目。
集體名詞：audience聽眾,crew全體船員,family家庭,plice警察,staff全體員工。
物質名詞：air空氣,water水,coffee咖啡,meat肉,milk牛奶,paper紙,wool羊毛,ink墨水。
抽象名詞：childhood童年,confidence信心,patience耐心,pride自豪,strength力氣,wealth財富。
專有名詞：Beijing北京,Chinese中國人,Tuesday星期二,April四月。

可數名詞的複數變化

有規則的複數形式

一般在名詞後加-s,如kite-kites風箏,dog-dogs狗,pea-peas豌豆。
以-s,-sh,-ch,-x 等結尾的名詞加-es：bus-buses公交車,class-classes班級。
以“子音字母+o”結尾的名詞（多數情況下）加-es/以母音字母+o結尾的名詞一般加-s：potato-potatoes土豆，tomato-tomatoes蕃茄，radio-radios收音機,zoo-zoos動物園,photo-photos照片,kilo-kilos公斤,cargo-cargos,cargoes貨物，motto-mottos,mottes箴言,zero-zeros,zeroes零，mosquito-mosquitos,mosquitoes蚊子。
以-f或-fe結尾的名詞大多數把f或fe改為v再加-es：knife-knives刀子，leaf-leaves樹葉,life-lives生命,roof-roofs屋頂，cliff-cliffs懸崖,belief-beliefs信仰,scarf-scarfs,scarves圍巾。
以子音字母+y結尾的詞，變y為i再加-es以母音字母+y結尾的詞或以y結尾的專有名詞變複數時直接加-s：baby-babies嬰兒，city-cities城市,factory-factories工廠，study-studies書房;day-days日子,boy-boys男孩兒,toy-toys玩具。

不規則複數形式

單複數同形,deer-deer, sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
變母音字母,man-men, woman-women, Englishman-Englishmen, tooth-teeth, foot-feet, German-Germans
其他,child-children, phenomenon-phenomena

名詞的所有格

's所有格

一般情況下在名詞詞尾加's:James's study詹姆斯的書房,John's sister約翰的姐姐
以-s或-es結尾的複數名詞，直接在其後加"'":my parents's hometown我父母的故鄉
不以-s結尾的複數名詞，直接在其後加's:the children's books孩子們的書
複合名詞在詞尾加's：somebody else's umbrella別人的雨傘

特殊形式

neza's and dada's parents 哪吒的父母和達達的父母
neza and dada's parents 哪吒和達達的父母

of所有格

一般來說，無生命的名詞常用of所有格
of所有格有時也用於表示人和其他有生命的名詞
地名，交通工具名以及與人的活動有關的無生命名詞可用of所有格，也可用's所有格

The windows of the house face the sea.
That's the opinion of dada, not mine.
the girl's name / the name of the girl

名詞的修飾詞

可數名詞的修飾詞：few, a few, many, a number of, a great many, hundreds of
不可數名詞的修飾詞：little, a little, much, a great deal of, a large amount of, a bit of
既可修飾可數名詞也可修飾不可數名詞的詞：some, any, a lot of, plenty of, masses of, enough, all
修飾物質名詞的容量詞或單位詞：a cup of, a piece of news, a bag of rice

冠詞

冠詞是虛詞，是名詞的一種標誌。a, an稱為不定冠詞，the稱為定冠詞。

不定冠詞的用法

I have a beautiful backpack.

My mother is a worker.

A comrade is waiting for you outside.

a third

Take the medicine twice a day.

It's a wonderful coffee.

She is a disappointment to us.

a lot, a pair of, a glass of, have a good time, in a hurry, as a matter of fact, take a walk, at a time, a little, a few

定冠詞的用法

The book in the desk is mine.

I saw a film last night. The film ended at 10p.m.

How do you like the film?

The earth turns round the sun.

He is the first one to come.

The city lies in the west of the country.

She is the most careful girl in class.

The Whites are kind to me.

I can play the piano.

The dog is an animal.

the Yellow River.

The wounded were brought to the hospital.

in the morning, on the right, at the age of, at the same time

零冠詞的用法

We are studying English.

Is that her book?

Summer is coming.

They are teachers.

When do you have lunch?

Football is very popular all over the world.

動詞

動詞，根據動詞的句法功能可以將動詞分：限定動詞和非限定動詞，根據意義可分：狀態動詞和動作動詞。

根據句法功能

限定動詞，主動詞：及物動詞（ask,buy,find,say），不及物動詞(arise,fall,die,arrive)，連繫動詞(be, become, get, turn, look, seem, sound, feel, taste, smell, appear)，助動詞：（be, do, have, shall, will），情態動詞：（can, could, may, might, shall, will, should, must）。
非限定動詞：to+v，to walk, to talk, to work, to smile；v-ing，talking, walking, working, smiling；v-ed，walked,talked,worked,smiled。

根據詞彙意義

狀態動詞:like, dislike, think, guess狀態詞；stand, lie, sit儀態詞
動作動詞：sit,stand,work, walk,learn,keep持續性動詞,finish,join,leave,come,go,die終止性動詞

動詞有五種基本形式，動詞原形，一般現在時第三人稱單數，過去式，過去分詞，現在分詞。

ask, asks, asked, asked, asking

study, studies, studied, studied, studying

stop stops stopped stopped stopping

一般現在時第三人稱單數：一般動詞加-s；以/s/f/tf/音素結尾和以字母-o結尾的動詞，加-es；以子音字母+y結尾的動詞，變y為i加-es

work works
read reads
wash washes
watch watches
do does
apply applies
carry carries

現在分詞構成:一般情況下直接加-ing;以不發音的-e結尾的動詞，去掉e再加-ing；已重讀閉音節結尾，且末尾只有一個子音字母的動詞，要雙寫這個子音字母再加ing;少數以-ie結尾的動詞，先變ie為y，再加-ing，以-oe,-ee,-ye結尾的動詞，直接加-ing。

ask asking, find finding, meet meeting

write writing, use using, ride riding

put putting, cut cutting, prefer preferring, refer referring

lie, die, tie -> lying dying tying

see seeing, agree agreeing

規則動詞過去式，過去分詞的構成：一般情況加-ed；以不發音的-e結尾的動詞，加-d；以子音字母+y結尾的動詞，變y為i,再加-ed;以重讀閉音節結尾，且結尾只有一個子音字母的動詞，雙寫這個子音字母后再加-ed。

ask asked asked
like liked
carry carried
plan planned

短語動詞

動詞+介詞：for, about, over, after, into, at, to, on, across, with

account for 解釋，說明 break into 強行闖入 call for 去接（人），需要

care for 喜歡；照顧  care about 在乎 come across 偶然碰到

deal with 處理；對付 get over 克服 laugh at 嘲笑

look after 照顧 look into 調查 look for 尋找

run into 撞到;偶然遇上 stand for 代表 stick to 堅持

wait for 等候 wait on 伺候

動詞+副詞：

break off 折斷；中止 bring in 引進；賺取 bring up 撫養；提出；嘔吐

call off 中止；叫停 carry out 執行 cut off 切斷

find out 查明; 查出 get in 收割 give away 捐贈

hold up 舉起；阻礙  point out 指出；指明 put off 推遲

put on 穿上；上演 put out 使熄滅 put up 舉起；張貼

pick up 撿起；接某人 take off 起飛 take up 舉起；開始從事

tear up 撕碎 turn away 打發走 turn off 關閉

turn down 調小 turn in 上交 turn up 調大；出現

動詞+名詞

lose heart 灰心 lose patience 失去耐心 lose weight 減肥

make sense 講得通 make the bed 整理床鋪 make a bet 打賭

make a bow 鞠躬 make faces 扮鬼臉 take action 採取行動

take aim 瞄準 take breath 歇口氣 take care 當心

take charge 看管 take one's time 慢慢來 take effect 生效

take exercise 做運動 take place 發生 take power 取得政權

take office 就職

動詞+副詞+介詞

come up with 提出 get away from 逃離 get along with 進展

get down to 開始認真做 go in for 喜歡 hold on to 抓住

keep away from 遠離 keep up with 跟上 live up to 不辜負

look down upon/on 蔑視 look forward to 期盼 look about for 到處尋找

look out of 從...往外看 make up for 彌補 put up with 容忍

settle down to 開始做某事 run out of 用光

動詞+介詞+名詞

動詞後需要帶賓語類

bring... to an end 使...結束
bring... under control 使...在掌控下
keep... in mind 牢記
keep... in touch 使保持聯絡
bear... in mind 牢記
put... at ease 使... 放鬆
put... into effect 使... 生效
learn... by heart 背熟
know... by heart 熟記
set... on fire 點火燒
take... into account 把...考慮在內
take... into consideration 把... 考慮在內

動詞後不能帶賓語類

burst into tears 突然大哭起來
come into being 形成
come into power 執政
come into use 開始被運用
come into effect 生效
go to bed 上床睡覺

動詞+名詞+介詞

make contributions to 對... 做出貢獻
make friends with 與... 交朋友
make fun of 取笑
make peace with 講和
make progress in 在...取得進步
make room for 為... 騰出空間
make sense of 理解，弄懂
make use of 利用
take account of 考慮
take advantage of 利用
take care of 照顧
take charge of 負責,看管
take delight in 以...為樂
take hold of 握住
take notice of 注意到
take part in 參加
take pride in 為...感到自豪

動詞時態

一般現在時：

表示現階段經常性，習慣性的動作或狀態：usually,often,always,sometimes,every day,once a week等時間狀態連用。Father always reads newspapers after supper
表示客觀真理，科學事實以及格言，警句：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太陽東昇西落。
表示十分確定會發生或按照時間表進行的事情，用一般現在時可以表示將來，句子中可以有將來時間，通常限於表示“運動”的短暫性動詞。The train leaves at 8:00 in the morning
在時間狀語從句中和條件狀語從句中，用一般現在時代替一般將來時，句子可以表示將來。Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Beijing
一般現在時用於倒裝句中可以表示正在發生的動作。Here comes the bus
人的心理活動和感官動作一般用一般現在時而不用現在進行時表示：I hope you have a good trip

現在進行時:

結構為“助動詞be(am/is/are)+現在分詞”，表示現在正在進行的動作。It's raining outside
表示現階段正發生而此刻不一定在進行的動作：He is writing a novel these days
表示即將發生的動作，一般指近期安排好的事情，常見的動詞有：I'm leaving early tomorrow morning
表示頻繁發生或反覆進行的動作，He is always losing keys
以下動詞通常不用於進行時：短暫性動詞，感官動詞，主觀意願動詞，存在動詞，佔有與從屬動詞，認知動詞。

一般將來時：

結構為“助動詞will/shall+動詞原形”，表示將來某一時刻的動作或狀態。I will leave for Canada tomorrow
現在進行時有時與某些瞬間動作的動詞連用可表示按計劃，安排將要發生的動作。I'm meeting Tom at the train station this afternoon
既定的時間如生日，日曆，課時安排，交通時刻表等通常用一般現在時表示將來的動作。The plane takes off at 4:00 p.m.
"am/is/are going to + 動詞原形" 表示打算或準備要做的事情，或者主觀判斷即將要發生的事情，而“am/is/are to + 動詞原形”表示安排或計劃中的動作。He is to get married next year
"be about to do" 表示馬上就要發生的事，一般不與具體的時間狀語連用。The film is about to start

現在完成時：

結構為助動詞have/has + 動詞的過去分詞，表示一個發生在過去的，對現在仍有影響的動作。I have never seen such fine pictures before
表示在過去開始一直延續到現在的動作或狀態。I have been away from my hometown for thirty years

現在完成進行時：

I have been working in the company for one year.

一般過去時：

表示過去發生的事或存在的狀態

He came here in 2009

表示過去一個階段中經常發生，反覆發生的事情

He never drank coffee.

過去進行時：

結構為“was/were+現在分詞”，表示過去某一時刻或某階段正在進行的動作。

He was watching TV this time yesterday.

表示從過來某一時間看將要發生的動作，常表示過去“漸漸”“快要”“馬上”等。

We were running out of rice.

表示過去一個階段頻繁發生或反覆進行的動作

He was always helping others when he lived here.

過去完成時：

結構為助動詞had + 動詞的過去分詞，表示過去某一時間或某一動作發生之前已經完成的動作，即過去完成時所表示的時間是“過去的過去”。I had just finished half of the work by yesterday
表示過去未曾實現的願望，打算或意圖: I had hoped to be back last night, but I didn't catch the bus

過去將來時

結構為助動詞should(第一人稱)或would(第二，第三人稱)+動詞原形，表示在過去預計將要發生的動作或存在的狀態。He was seventy-eight and in two years, he would be eighty
表示純粹的將來時用would或should，表示打算或主觀認為的事情用was/were going to +動詞原形.You were going to give me your telephone number, but you didn't
表示一個過去經常性的動作：When it rained in the day, he would bring an umbrella with him

將來進行時

結構為助動詞will/shall+be+現在分詞，通常和某一時刻連用，表示將來某一時間正在進行的動作。This time tomorrow we will be flying to Beijing

將來完成時

結構為will/shall+have+過去分詞，表示到將來某個時間即將完成的動作，常跟由be,when,before等引導的時間狀語連用。The project will have been completed before the end of the year

將來完成進行時

結構為will/shall+have been+現在分詞，表示一個連續的或經常性的動作到將來某個時間完成時還將繼續進行。By the end of the month he will have been working here for ten years

情態動詞

can/could

能，會，表能力，She can dance

有時會 My hometown can be very cold.

表推測，往往用於否定句或疑問句中 The man can't be Mr.Da - he's gone to Beijing.

表示請求和允許，Can/Could I have a look at your new design?

表驚異，懷疑，，不相信的態度 How can you believe him?

may/minght

表示允許，許可： May I listen to music while doing homework? No, you mustn't

表示請求允許時，might比may 的語氣更委婉些。 May/Might I trouble you to pass me the book?

表示可能性的推測。might比may的語氣顯得更加不肯定。I must go home at once. Mary might visit me

will/would

表示意志或意願。 will 現在 would 過去 I will tell you about it.

用於第二人稱表示請求，建議，用would 比 will 委婉，客氣。 Would you come this way, please?

表示習慣性動作，慣於，I would swim in the lake after school.

表示規律的“註定會”用will, Man will die without air.

need表示需要必要。做情態動詞，僅用於否定句和疑問句。Need I go now? Yes, you must
dare 表示敢，敢於。做情態動詞，主要用於疑問句，否定句，和條件從句中，一般不用於肯定句中。Dare he tell them what he knows?
must

表示必須，必要，語氣比should, ought to強烈，其否定形式mustn't表示不準，不應該，禁止 Drivers mustn't drive after drinking 

Must I finish my homework before eight?

表示有把握的推測，意為一定，準是，用於肯定句：He must be watching TV

ought to

表示應該，同should ; Humans ought to/should stop polluting nature
表示推測，意為想必。He ought to get to France by now

shall

用於第一，第三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人徵求對方的意見和向對方請示。Shall he go there with us tomorrow
用於表示推測，意為可能，應該。He should pass the math exam.
why/how+should結構表示說話人對某事不能理解，感到意外，驚異，意為竟會。Don't ask me.How should I know?

被動語態

動詞的被動語態

1.一般現在時（am/is/are+done）You are wanted on the phone.

2.一般過去時（was/were+done）The library was built in 2000.

3.一般將來時（will be + done）They will be invited to your birthday party.

4.現在進行時（am/is/are being + done）The car is being repaired.

5.現在完成時（have/has been + done）如：The work has been finished.

6.過去將來時（would be + done）The worker said that the tree would be planted.

7.過去進行時（was/were being + done）The door was being painted then.

8. 過去完成時（had been + done）He had a good rest after the work had been finished.

被動語態的基本用法

當強調動作的承受者，將承受者作為談話的中心時用被動語態。

This book was written by Lu Xun.

當沒有必要說出動作的執行者或根本不知道動作的執行者是誰時常用被動語態。

All the work has been finished by now.

當動作的執行者不是人而是無生命的事物時常用被動語態。

The window glass was broken by a stone.

4.有時出於禮貌，不便提到動作的執行之，可用被動語態。

Enough has been done for you, but you've made little progress.

動詞不定式

做主語：

To see is to believe

It be 名詞 to do

It takes sb. + some time + to do

It be 形容詞 + for sb. + to do

It be 形容詞 + of sb. + to do

It seems(appears) + 形容詞 + to do

It seems necessary to make a plan for studying this course.

做賓語：

1。跟動詞不定式做賓語的動詞有：afford,aim,appear,agree,arrange,ask,decide,bother,care,choose,
come,dare,demand,desire,determine,expect,endeavor,hope,fail,happen,help,hesitate,learn,long,mean,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tend,wait,want,wish,undertake.

2。用疑問句+to+動詞原形結構做賓語的動詞有：decide,know,consider,forget,learn,remember,show,understand,see,wonder,hear,find out,explain,tell等.

Please show us how to do that.

3。當複合賓語中的賓語是不定式時，先用形式賓語it代替不定式，把不定式置於補語之後。主語+動詞+it+補語+to do 句式。

We think it important for us to learn a foreign language well.

3.做賓語補足語和主語補足語：

see,hear,look at,watch,notice,observe,feel

I heard she open the door.

get sb to do sth, leave sb to do sth 通常要加to,只有have,let,make等跟不帶to的動詞不定式做賓語補足語。

You don't have to make Paul learn. He always works hard.

He was often heard to read Enghlish.

做表語：

不定式可放在be動詞或其他連繫動詞後面，做表語。

The only thing to do is write to him.

做定語：

1.表示將來的動作：I have many letters to type.

2.與被修飾詞之間有動賓關係，如是不及物動詞，則需加介詞：Please give me some books to read.

3.In English study, we still have a long way to go.

做目的狀語：

To succeed, you must first of all believe in yourself.

做結果狀語：

so... as to...
such... as to...
enough...to... 
only to ...
too ... to...

The child is old enough to dress himself.

做原因狀語：

I'm sorry to hear that.

不定式的主動形式和被動形式

The book is said to have been translated into many languages.

不帶to的不定式的幾種情況

Why not go out for a walk?

She helped her mother to prepare for supper.

Last night I did nothing but watch TV.

Since she is angry, we had better leave her alone.

現在分詞和動名詞

現在分詞和動名詞的時態和語態

I found him lying on the ground.

Jack denied having broken the cup.

The bird missed being caught.

過去分詞

過去分詞構成：eat-eaten,leave-left,go-gone,come-come
做表語：I was amazed at the news
做定語：used books,fallen leaves,cooked food
做補語：I'll have my house painted tomorrow
做狀語：Asked about her telephone number, she didn't respond.
獨立主格結構：The test finished, we'll have our summer vacation

代詞

this(這個) these(這些)
that(那個) those(那些)
both neither(二者都不) either二者之一 one...the other 一個。。。另一個
many,much 許多 some, 一些 a few, a little 有一點兒 few, little 很少
who, whom, whose, waht, which

介詞及介詞短語

簡單介詞：about,above,across,at,in,on,from,for,beside,between,with

合成介詞：nearby,into,within,without,throughout,outside,inside

短語介詞: according to, instead of, in front of, because of, out of

雙重介詞：from behind, until after

時間介詞：in, on, at, till, until, since, before, after, during, over, by, throughout

表方式的介詞：in, by, through, with, without

I live near my school
The boy with long hair is Jack
We are of the same age.
Make yourself at home

with+複合賓語

with + 名詞/代詞 + 形容詞
with + 名詞/代詞 + 副詞
with + 名詞/代詞 + 現在分詞
with + 名詞/代詞 + 不定式
with + 名詞/代詞 + 過去分詞
with + 名詞/代詞 + 介詞短語
with + 名詞/代詞 + 名詞

He just sat there with his mouth open.
He fell asleep with the light still on.
With so many people watching, she felt at a loss.
With nothing to do, he slept the whole day.
He stood for an instant with his hand raised.
The old man walked with a stick in his hand.
He died with his daughter yet a school girl.

1.marry結婚，在表達get/be+married(與。。。結婚)這個意義時介詞要用to，不用with

2.表示和...相同時，英語不用with,而用as，表示...和...不同時，用from。
A is the same as B.
A is different from B.

3.表示在。。。幫助下，英語用with,不用under。 with the help of the teacher.

4.表示在廣播，電視，電話裡時，英語用on the radio/on TV/on the telephone

5.表示孔，洞，窗戶在牆上時，英語用in表示，但表示影像等在牆上時，用on表示。He made holes in the wall.

介詞與動詞的常用搭配

v + to

adjust to 適應
attend to 處理
agree to 贊同
belong to 屬於
come to 達到
drink to 為...乾杯
lead to 通向
occur to 想起

v + at

call at 訪問某地
laugh at 嘲笑
shoot at 朝。。。射擊
arrive at 到達
wonder at 對...感到吃驚

v + in

believe in 信任
bring in 引進
hand in 上交
break in 闖入
fill in 填充
involve in 涉及

v + from

come from 來自
date from 始於
die from 死於
escape from 逃出
result from 起因於
suffer from 受苦

v + for

account for 說明;解釋
stand for 象徵
care for 在意
apply for 申請
long for 盼望
search for 搜尋

形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高階

一般情況下直接加-er,-est:long-longer-longest
以字母-e結尾的加-r,-st:nice-nicer-nicest
以子音字母+y結尾的，將y改為i加-er，-est，如happy-happier-happiest
以重讀閉音節結尾的，雙寫結尾子音字母加-er,-est:big-bigger-biggest
特殊形式：good/well-better-best many/much-more-most ill/bad-worse-worst little-less-least old-older-oldest far-farther-farthest
多音節的形容詞，副詞的比較級，最高階：比較級在形容詞，副詞前面加more最高階在形容詞，副詞前面加most:beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
形容詞加ly變成的副詞的比較級和最高階用more和most，如slowly-more slowly-most slowly
由動詞的過去分詞轉化為成的形容詞，用more和most表示比較級和最高階，如tired-more tired-most tired

形容詞，副詞比較等級的用法

表示A超過B

A+謂語+形容詞比較級+than+B
A+謂語+副詞比較級+than+B

I'm older than her.

表示A不及B

A+謂語的否定式+形容詞/副詞比較級+than+B
A+謂語+less+形容詞/副詞原級+than+B
A+謂語的否定式+so(as)+形容詞/副詞原級+as+B

He doesn't run faster than his sister.

表示A和B程度相同

A+謂語+as+形容詞/副詞原級+as+B

He runs as fast as I

其他比較語句：

the+比較級...the+比較級
比較級+and+比較級（越來越...）
the+比較級+of the two+
特殊疑問句+be+形容詞比較級,A or B
特殊疑問句+實義動詞+副詞比較級，A or B

The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.

As summer is coming, the day is becoming longer and longer.

The taller of the two girls is my sister.

Which is more difficult, Lesson One or Lesson Three?

Who runs faster, da or dada?

倍數比較級的幾種句式

A + 謂語 + 倍數 + the size
A + 謂語 + 倍數 + as big as B
A + 謂語 + 倍數 + 比較級 + than + B

The new teaching building is twice the size of the old one.

比較等級的常見修飾語

1. 修飾原級： fairly, quite, rather, so, very, too 等。I am very lucky.

2. 修飾比較等級：much,even,far,rather,still,any,no,a bit, a little, a great deal, a lot, by far等

3. 修飾最高階：by far, almost, 序數詞等。Tom works by far the best in his factory.

表示最高階意義的幾種常見結構

the+最高階+of/among/in

This is the oldest theatre in China.

be one of/among + the + 最高階 + 複數名詞

Beijing is among the greatest cities in the world.

比較級+than+any other+名詞

Tom is taller than any other student in his class.

比較級+than+(any of)+the other+名詞（複數）

DA  works harder than (any of) the other students in his class.

比較級+than+all other+名詞

John does better than all other boys here.

比較級+than+anyone+else

He is more interested in English than anyone else in his class.

比較級+than(+any of)+the others

She is younger than the others.

在含有never,nobody或no的句子中使用“不定冠詞+比較級”

I have never seen a better film.

虛擬語氣

與現在事實相反：

虛擬條件句：
If + 主語 + 動詞的過去式（be動詞用were）

主句：
主語+should/would/could/might+動詞原形

例句：
If I had time, I would attend the party.

If I were you, I should try again.

與過去事實相反

虛擬條件句：
If + 主語 + had + 過去分詞

主句：
主語+should/would/could/might+have+過去分詞

例句：
If you had taken my advice, you would have passed the English exam.

與將來事實相反

虛擬條件句：
If + 主語 + 動詞的過去式
If + 主語 + were to + 動詞原形
If + 主語 + should + 動詞原形

主句：
主語+should/would/could/might+動詞原形

例句：
If you came tomorrow, we would meet again.

If it were to rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.

If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday.

倒裝和省略

常見的完全倒裝：

come, go, rush, run 等不及物動詞的句子裡：in, out, up, down, away, off, over, next, such, back等副詞做的狀語置於句首。

Out rushed the students the moment the bell rang.

On the desk lie  piles of books.

常見倒裝句

Do you like jazz?

Only in this way can you solve this probeam.

Seldom do I go to work on foot.

I saw the film last week.So did she.
so/neither/nor置於句首時，表示前者的情況也適用於後者或者具備兩種情況

Were I you, I would do so.

So dark is the room that I can hardly see anything.

狀語從句

時間狀語從句

時間狀語從句從放在句首，句中，句尾
從屬連詞when,while,as 都可用來引導時間狀語從句，意味當。。。的時候
until/till是指某一持續性行為持續到某一時間點
表示時間的名詞短語也可引導狀語從句
表示“一。。。就。。。”的時間狀語很多
在時間狀語從句中，用一般現在時代替一般將來時，一般過去時代替過去將來時

I'll let you know as soon as he arrives.

地點狀語從句

地點狀語從句可置於句首，句中，或句尾
Leave the book in the place where it is

原因狀語從句

Since he has come, you needn't go

比較狀語從句

同級比較：as...as...
不同級比較：not as/so... as...結構
差級或高階比較：...than...結構，I can run faster than he
比較遞進關係的狀語從句：the+比較級...,the+比較級...

The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.

條件狀語從句

條件狀語從句可置於句首或句尾：Take an umbrella with you in case it rains.
在條件狀語從句中，用一般現在時代替一般將來時，一般過去時代替過去將來時。

You'll fail the exam unless you study hard.

目的狀語從句

目的狀語從句可置於句首，句中，句尾。

He got up early so that he could get there in time.

在目的狀語從句中常含有情態動詞
當主句和從句的主語一致時，目的狀語從句可以與表示目的的不定式或介詞短語轉換。

結果狀語從句

so + 形容詞/副詞 + that
so many/few/much/little + 相應形式的名詞 + that ...
so + 形容詞 + a/an + 可數名詞單數 + that...

such... that... 的用法：

such+a/an+形容詞+可數名詞單數+that...
such+形容詞+可數名詞複數+that...
such+形容詞+不可數名詞+that...

讓步狀語從句

讓步狀語從句可置於句首，句中，句尾
though/although

方式狀語從句

引導句：as, as if, as though：When at Rome, do as the Romans do
Look at the clouds in the sky and it looks as if/as though it is going to rain
He speaks English as if he were an Englishman

名詞性從句

連線詞：That he will come to visit us this afternoon is certain now
連線代詞：What we should do next remains unknown.
連線副詞：Why she did that wasn't clear她為什麼那麼做還不清楚。

It is + 形容詞 + that從句
It is + 名詞 +that從句
It + 不及物動詞 + that從句
It is + 過去分詞 + that從句

連線詞：主語從句裡的連線詞都可用於表語從句

主語+be+that/wh-從句
主語+連繫動詞+that/as if

節日

New Year's Day 元旦(1月1日）
New Year's Eve 除夕（農曆臘月三十）
Spring Festival; Chinese New Year's Day 春節（農曆正月初一）
Lantern Festival 元宵節（農曆正月十五）
International Working Women's Day 國際勞動婦女節（3月8日）
Arbor Day 植樹節（3月12日）
Tomb Sweeping Day; Pure Brightness Festival 清明節（4月4日至4月6日中的一天）
International Labour Day 國際勞動節（5月1日）
Youth Day 青年節（5月4日）
Nurses' Day 護士節（5月12日）
Dragon Boat Festival 端午節（農曆五月初五）
International Children's Day 國際兒童節（6月1日）
Army Day 建軍節（9月10日）
Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋節（農曆八月十五）
Teachers' Day 教師節（9月10日）
Double Ninth Festival 重陽節（農曆九月初九）
National Day 國慶節（10月1日）

句子

impact 影響 kidney 腎 juvenile 青少年 diabetes 糖尿病 donor 捐贈者 decline 下降

The chorus was singing The Ode to Joy.合唱隊在演唱《歡樂頌》。

Customers and the public should be aware of that problem 客戶和公眾應該意識到這一問題。

The saint had a lowly heart. 聖人有謙誠之心。 lowly 地位低的，不重要的，無足輕重的。

He came in search of wealth, status, and power. 他來尋找財富，名望和權力。 status威望，地位。

in chorus 一起；一齊；同時。Thank you, they said in chorous

blushing and gazing 為現在分詞作伴隨狀語。

The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking happily 孩子們跑進屋，邊笑邊說，很是快樂。

blush臉紅 to blush with embarrassment 尷尬得面頰緋紅 gaze 注視，盯著

She gazed at him in amazement 她驚異地注視著他。

grin 露齒笑，咧嘴笑 He always had this grin 他總是這樣咧嘴笑。

He started to applaud and the others joined in. 他開始鼓掌，其他人也跟著鼓起掌來。

loudly 大聲地：She screamed as loudly as she could她聲嘶力竭地尖叫著。

applause 鼓掌，喝彩 Give her a big round of applause! 為她熱烈鼓掌！

a series of 一系列：The incident caused a whole series of events that nobody had expected 那一事件引發出一連串誰都沒有料到的事。

accompany 伴隨，與。。。同時發生 He stepped up the stage accompanied by enthusiastic applause. 伴隨著熱烈的掌聲，他走向了舞臺。

His wife accompanied him on the trip 那次旅行他由妻子陪同

The singer was accompanied on the piano by her sister 女歌手由她姐姐鋼琴伴奏。

一種... 的感覺 a sence of 一種...的感覺

Colors like red convey a sense of energy and strength 紅色之類的顏色可以給人充滿活力和力量的感覺。

Much to her embarrassment she realized that everybody had been listening to her singing她意識到大家一直在聽她唱歌，感到很不好意思。

I didn't want to embarrass him by kissing him in front of his friends我並沒想當著他的朋友吻他會使他感到難堪。

He felt embarrassed at being the center of attention 他因自己成為眾人矚目的中心而感到很尷尬。

embarrassing令人尷尬的。an embarrassing situation令人難堪的處境

不可避免地，必然地：inevitably ：新聞界照例又誇大了這件事Inevitably,the press exaggerated the story

那是這個決定的必然後果。It was an inevitable consequence of the decision

善意的，好心的,well-meaning 他是一個很善良的領導者He is a well-meaning leader

特別的事情：occasion 要把每一頓飯都弄得特別一些。Turn every meal into a special occasion

He was nominated for the best actor award 他獲得最佳演員獎提名。

on this occasion這次 I enjoy an occasional glass of wine.我喜歡偶爾喝一杯紅酒。

She was awarded the prize for both films 她的臉部電影雙雙獲獎。

ambivalence矛盾情緒，很多人以矛盾的態度對待電視及其對生活的影響。Many people feel some ambivalence towards television and its effect on our lives.

矛盾情緒的ambivalent ，她似乎對新工作喜憂參半。She seems to feel ambivalent about her new job.

symbolize象徵He came to symbolize his country's struggle for independence他逐漸成為祖國為爭取獨立而鬥爭的象徵。

symbol象徵：White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures在西方文化中，白色一向象徵純潔。

symbolic象徵性的：The dove is symbolic of peace鴿子是和平的象徵。

triumph打敗，戰勝，成功：France triumphed 3-0 in the final

die of死於... die from 死於... It is a race against time to stop people dying from starvation為搶救那些即將餓死的人而分秒必爭。

She appeared to be in her late thirties看樣子她快四十歲了。

We appear to be a good couple, but actually we are not我們看上去似乎是不錯的一對，但事實上卻不是。She appears sick她好像病了。

點關注，不迷路

好了各位，以上就是這篇文章的全部內容，能看到這裡的人都是人才。我後面會不斷更新技術相關的文章，如果覺得文章對你有用，歡迎給個“贊”，也歡迎分享，感謝大家！！