Spring boot 2.1.9 + Dubbo 2.7.3 + Nacos 1.1.4 構建微服務系統

Dong滴個Dong發表於2020-03-04
Spring Boot微服務

Spring boot 2.1.9 + Dubbo 2.7.3 + Nacos 1.1.4 構建微服務系統

  • Spring boot 2.1.9 + Dubbo 2.7.3 + Nacos 1.1.4 構建微服務系統 , mydemo

    • 下載最新版本的 Nacos Server , 具體參見下面 註冊中心部分

      #啟動 Nacos 服務
sh startup.sh -m standalone

    • parent pom

          <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <modules>
        <module>dubbo-api</module>
        <module>dubbo-provider</module>
        <module>dubbo-consumer</module>
    </modules>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <spring-boot.version>2.1.9.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
        <dubbo.version>2.7.3</dubbo.version>
        <nacos-config-spring-boot.version>0.2.1</nacos-config-spring-boot.version>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--SpringBoot-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Apache Dubbo  -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo-dependencies-bom</artifactId>
                <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Dubbo Spring Boot Starter -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 下面這個依賴可以不需要，預設是 dubbo 是 2.7.3 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
                <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Dubbo Registry Nacos -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo-registry-nacos</artifactId>
                <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>nacos-config-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${nacos-config-spring-boot.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 如果沒有使用nacos配置中心，沒有新增 nacos-config-spring-boot-starter 依賴，則需要新增下面這個依賴 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId>
                <artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId>
                <version>1.1.4</version>
            </dependency>

            <!-- Interface -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.example</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
                <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <!-- 必須要，否則通過 mvn clean install -Dmaven.test.skip=true 無法執行，提示錯誤：jar中沒有主清單屬性 -->
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>repackage</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${maven.compiler.source}</source>
                    <target>${maven.compiler.target}</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
  </build>

    • 擴充套件：在 parent pom 檔案中為什麼需要定義 <build> 標籤？

      • 原因是：parent pom 檔案中沒有繼承 spring-boot-starter-parent pom 檔案，即沒有下面的配置

          <parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <version>2.1.9.RELEASE</version>
  </parent>

      • 如果沒有自定義上面的 <build> 標籤，則通過 mvn 打包的程式無法執行，提升錯誤：jar中沒有主清單屬性，根本原因是jar包中缺少main-class。檢視mvn倉庫關於spring-boot-starter-parent pom 檔案的內容，發現已經定於了 <build> 標籤，把相應的定義copy 過來，就解決問題了。

      • 為什麼不能繼承 spring-boot-starter-parent pom 檔案呢？ 原因是：interface / util 專案不需要繼承，只有真正需要執行的程式（無論是web 還是 console 程式，即有main函式的專案），才需要繼承 spring-boot-starter-parent pom 檔案

    • dubbo common , provider 和 consumer 共享模組

      <parent>
    <artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.jianzh5</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-common</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

      // 定義介面
public interface HelloService {
    String sayHello();
}

    • dubbo provider : 注意，不需要 spring-boot-starter-web 依賴，它不是 web api專案，不對外提供服務

        <parent>
        <artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>dubbo-provider</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Dubbo -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Dubbo Registry Nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-registry-nacos</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId>
            <artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

      #配置檔案
dubbo.scan.base-packages=com.example.demo.user.service
dubbo.application.name = dubbo-provider
dubbo.registry.address = nacos://192.168.136.129:8848
dubbo.protocol.port=20881
dubbo.protocol.name=dubbo

      // 介面實現
@Service
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {
    public String sayHello() {
        Return "welcome to WeChat public address: JAVA RI Zhi Lu".
    }
}

    • @EnableDubbo 註解的作用 ：通過 @EnableDubbo 可以在指定的包名下（通過 scanBasePackages），或者指定的類中（通過 scanBasePackageClasses）掃描 Dubbo 的服務提供者（以 @Service 標註）以及 Dubbo 的服務消費者（以 Reference 標註），它是 @EnableDubboConfig 和 @DubboComponentScan兩者組合的便捷表達方式。

      @SpringBootApplication
@EnableDubbo
public class PrivoderApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PrivoderBootstrap.class, args);
    }
}

    • dubbo consumer : 注意，需要 spring-boot-starter-web 依賴，因為它是web api 專案，讓外部訪問

        <parent>
        <artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>dubbo-consumer</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Dubbo -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Dubbo Registry Nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-registry-nacos</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId>
            <artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

      #配置檔案
dubbo.scan.base-packages=com.example.demo.consumer
spring.application.name=dubbo-consumer
dubbo.registry.address = nacos://192.168.136.129:8848
server.port=9090

      @RestController
public class HelloController {
    @Reference
    private HelloService helloService;

    @GetMapping("/sayHello")
    public String sayHello(){
        return helloService.sayHello();
    }
}

      // 測試結果：如果沒有 @EnableDubbo 註解，也是可以 run 的，但是如果provider沒有此註解，就無法run，不知道為什麼？
// 為了和官方文件一致，還是加上吧
@EnableDubbo
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerBootstrap.class, args);
    }
}

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