引言
長話短說,今天聊一聊分散式定時任務,我的流水賬筆記:
- ASP.NET Core+Quartz.Net實現web定時任務
- AspNetCore結合Redis實踐訊息佇列
細心朋友稍一分析,就知道還有問題:
水平擴充套件後的WebApp的Quartz.net定時任務會多次觸發,
因為webapp例項使用的是預設的RAMJobStore
, 多例項在記憶體中都維護了Job和Trigger的副本.
我的定時任務是同步任務,多次執行倒是沒有太大問題,但對於特定業務的定時任務, 多次執行可能是致命問題。
基於此,來看看Quartz.net 分散式定時任務的姿勢
AdoJobStore
很明顯,水平擴充套件的多例項需要一個 獨立於web例項的機制來儲存Job和Trigger.
Quartz.NET提供ADO.NET JobStore來儲存任務資料。
- 先使用SQL指令碼在資料庫中生成指定的表結構
執行指令碼之後,會看到資料庫中多出幾個以 QRTZ_開頭的表
- 配置Quartz.net使用AdoJobStore
可採用編碼形式或者 quartz.config形式新增配置
快速實踐
1. 預先生成Job、Trigger表
從https://github.com/quartznet/quartznet/tree/master/database/tables 下載合適的資料庫表指令碼, 生成指定的表結構
2. 新增AdoJobStore
本次使用編碼方式新增AdoJobStore配置。
首次啟動會將程式碼中Job和Trigger持久化到sqlite,後面就直接從sqlite中載入Job和Trigger
using System;
using System.Collections.Specialized;
using System.Data;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Data.Sqlite;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Quartz;
using Quartz.Impl;
using Quartz.Impl.AdoJobStore.Common;
using Quartz.Spi;
namespace EqidManager
{
using IOCContainer = IServiceProvider;
public class QuartzStartup
{
public IScheduler Scheduler { get; set; }
private readonly ILogger _logger;
private readonly IJobFactory iocJobfactory;
public QuartzStartup(IOCContainer IocContainer, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
{
_logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<QuartzStartup>();
iocJobfactory = new IOCJobFactory(IocContainer);
DbProvider.RegisterDbMetadata("sqlite-custom", new DbMetadata()
{
AssemblyName = typeof(SqliteConnection).Assembly.GetName().Name,
ConnectionType = typeof(SqliteConnection),
CommandType = typeof(SqliteCommand),
ParameterType = typeof(SqliteParameter),
ParameterDbType = typeof(DbType),
ParameterDbTypePropertyName = "DbType",
ParameterNamePrefix = "@",
ExceptionType = typeof(SqliteException),
BindByName = true
});
var properties = new NameValueCollection
{
["quartz.jobStore.type"] = "Quartz.Impl.AdoJobStore.JobStoreTX, Quartz",
["quartz.jobStore.useProperties"] = "true",
["quartz.jobStore.dataSource"] = "default",
["quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix"] = "QRTZ_",
["quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateType"] = "Quartz.Impl.AdoJobStore.SQLiteDelegate, Quartz",
["quartz.dataSource.default.provider"] = "sqlite-custom",
["quartz.dataSource.default.connectionString"] = "Data Source=EqidManager.db",
["quartz.jobStore.lockHandler.type"] = "Quartz.Impl.AdoJobStore.UpdateLockRowSemaphore, Quartz",
["quartz.serializer.type"] = "binary"
};
var schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory(properties);
Scheduler = schedulerFactory.GetScheduler().Result;
Scheduler.JobFactory = iocJobfactory;
}
public async Task<IScheduler> ScheduleJob()
{
var _eqidCounterResetJob = JobBuilder.Create<EqidCounterResetJob>()
.WithIdentity("EqidCounterResetJob")
.Build();
var _eqidCounterResetJobTrigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()
.WithIdentity("EqidCounterResetCron")
.StartNow()
//每天凌晨0s
.WithCronSchedule("0 0 0 * * ?") Seconds,Minutes,Hours,Day-of-Month,Month,Day-of-Week,Year(optional field)
.Build();
// 這裡一定要先判斷是否已經從SQlite中載入了Job和Trigger
if (!await Scheduler.CheckExists(new JobKey("EqidCounterResetJob")) &&
!await Scheduler.CheckExists(new TriggerKey("EqidCounterResetCron")))
{
await Scheduler.ScheduleJob(_eqidCounterResetJob, _eqidCounterResetJobTrigger);
}
await Scheduler.Start();
return Scheduler;
}
public void EndScheduler()
{
if (Scheduler == null)
{
return;
}
if (Scheduler.Shutdown(waitForJobsToComplete: true).Wait(30000))
Scheduler = null;
else
{
}
_logger.LogError("Schedule job upload as application stopped");
}
}
}
上面是Quartz.NET 從sqlite中載入Job和Trigger的核心程式碼
這裡要提示兩點:
①. IOCJobFactory 是自定義JobFactory,目的是與ASP.NET Core原生依賴注入結合
②. 在排程任務的時候, 要先判斷是否已經從sqlite載入了Job和Trigger
3.新增Quartz.Net UI輪子
附贈Quartz.NET的排程UI: CrystalQuartz,方便在介面管理排程任務
① Install-Package CrystalQuartz.AspNetCore -IncludePrerelease
② Startup啟用CrystalQuartz
using CrystalQuartz.AspNetCore;
/*
* app is IAppBuilder
* scheduler is your IScheduler (local or remote)
*/
var quartz = app.ApplicationServices.GetRequiredService<QuartzStartup>();
var _schedule = await quartz.ScheduleJob();
app.UseCrystalQuartz(() => scheduler);
③ 在localhost:YOUR_PORT/quartz地址檢視排程
總結輸出
- Quartz.net以AdoJobStore支撐分散式定時任務,解決多例項多次觸發的問題
- 快速丟擲輪子:Quartz.Net UI庫