Oracle 常用SQL查詢列表

germany006發表於2014-06-06
轉載地址:http://publish.it168.com/2005/1027/20051027003101.shtml

【IT168 伺服器學院】1、檢視錶空間的名稱及大小 
  select t.tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0) ts_size 
  from dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d 
  where t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name 
  group by t.tablespace_name; 
  
  2、檢視錶空間物理檔案的名稱及大小 
  select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name, 
  round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space 
  from dba_data_files 
  order by tablespace_name; 
  
  3、檢視回滾段名稱及大小 
  select segment_name, tablespace_name, r.status, 
  (initial_extent/1024) InitialExtent,(next_extent/1024) NextExtent, 
  max_extents, v.curext CurExtent 
  From dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v 
  Where r.segment_id = v.usn(+) 
  order by segment_name ; 
  
  4、檢視控制檔案 
  select name from v$controlfile; 
  
  5、檢視日誌檔案 
  select member from v$logfile; 
  
  6、檢視錶空間的使用情況 
  select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as free_space,tablespace_name 
  from dba_free_space 
  group by tablespace_name; 
  SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE, 
  (B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE" 
  FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE C 
  WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME; 
  
  7、檢視資料庫庫物件 
  select owner, object_type, status, count(*) count# from all_objects group by owner, object_type, status; 
  
  8、檢視資料庫的版本  
  Select version FROM Product_component_version 
  Where SUBSTR(PRODUCT,1,6)='Oracle'; 
  
  9、檢視資料庫的建立日期和歸檔方式 
  Select Created, Log_Mode, Log_Mode From V$Database; 
  
  10、捕捉執行很久的SQL 
  column username format a12 
  column opname format a16 
  column progress format a8 
  select username,sid,opname, 
      round(sofar*100 / totalwork,0) || '%' as progress, 
      time_remaining,sql_text 
  from v$session_longops , v$sql 
  where time_remaining <> 0 
  and sql_address = address 
  and sql_hash_value = hash_value 
  / 
  
  11。檢視資料表的引數資訊 
  SELECT  partition_name, high_value, high_value_length, tablespace_name, 
       pct_free, pct_used, ini_trans, max_trans, initial_extent, 
       next_extent, min_extent, max_extent, pct_increase, FREELISTS, 
       freelist_groups, LOGGING, BUFFER_POOL, num_rows, blocks, 
       empty_blocks, avg_space, chain_cnt, avg_row_len, sample_size, 
       last_analyzed 
    FROM dba_tab_partitions 
    --WHERE table_name = :tname AND table_owner = :towner 
  ORDER BY partition_position 
  
  12.檢視還沒提交的事務 
  select * from v$locked_object; 
  select * from v$transaction; 
  
  13。查詢object為哪些程式所用 
  select 
  p.spid, 
  s.sid, 
  s.serial# serial_num, 
  s.username user_name, 
  a.type object_type, 
  s.osuser os_user_name, 
  a.owner, 
  a.object object_name, 
  decode(sign(48 - command), 
  1, 
  to_char(command), 'Action Code #' || to_char(command) ) action, 
  p.program oracle_process, 
  s.terminal terminal, 
  s.program program, 
  s.status session_status  
  from v$session s, v$access a, v$process p  
  where s.paddr = p.addr and 
     s.type = 'USER' and  
     a.sid = s.sid  and 
    a.object='SUBSCRIBER_ATTR' 
  order by s.username, s.osuser 
  
  14。回滾段檢視 
  select rownum, sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name Name, v$rollstat.extents 
  Extents, v$rollstat.rssize Size_in_Bytes, v$rollstat.xacts XActs, 
  v$rollstat.gets Gets, v$rollstat.waits Waits, v$rollstat.writes Writes, 
  sys.dba_rollback_segs.status status from v$rollstat, sys.dba_rollback_segs, 
  v$rollname where v$rollname.name(+) = sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name and 
  v$rollstat.usn (+) = v$rollname.usn order by rownum 
  
  15。耗資源的程式(top session) 
  select s.schemaname schema_name,  decode(sign(48 - command), 1, 
  to_char(command), 'Action Code #' || to_char(command) ) action,  status 
  session_status,  s.osuser os_user_name,  s.sid,     p.spid ,     s.serial# serial_num,  
  nvl(s.username, '[Oracle process]') user_name,  s.terminal terminal,  
  s.program program,  st.value criteria_value from v$sesstat st,  v$session s , v$process p  
  where st.sid = s.sid and  st.statistic# = to_number('38') and  ('ALL' = 'ALL' 
  or s.status = 'ALL') and p.addr = s.paddr order by st.value desc, p.spid asc, s.username asc, s.osuser asc 
  
  16。檢視鎖(lock)情況 
  select /*+ RULE */ ls.osuser os_user_name,  ls.username user_name,  
  decode(ls.type, 'RW', 'Row wait enqueue lock', 'TM', 'DML enqueue lock', 'TX', 
  'Transaction enqueue lock', 'UL', 'User supplied lock') lock_type,  
  o.object_name object,  decode(ls.lmode, 1, null, 2, 'Row Share', 3, 
  'Row Exclusive', 4, 'Share', 5, 'Share Row Exclusive', 6, 'Exclusive', null) 
  lock_mode,  o.owner,  ls.sid,  ls.serial# serial_num,  ls.id1,  ls.id2   
  from sys.dba_objects o, (  select s.osuser,  s.username,  l.type,  
  l.lmode,  s.sid,  s.serial#,  l.id1,  l.id2  from v$session s,  
  v$lock l  where s.sid = l.sid ) ls where o.object_id = ls.id1 and  o.owner 
  <> 'SYS'  order by o.owner, o.object_name 
  
  17。檢視等待(wait)情況 
  SELECT v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count count, SUM(v$sysstat.value) sum_value 
  FROM v$waitstat, v$sysstat WHERE v$sysstat.name IN ('db block gets', 
  'consistent gets') group by v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count 
  
  18。檢視sga情況 
  SELECT NAME, BYTES FROM SYS.V_$SGASTAT ORDER BY NAME ASC 
  
  19。檢視catched object 
  SELECT owner,       name,       db_link,       namespace,  
        type,       sharable_mem,       loads,       executions,  
        locks,       pins,       kept    FROM v$db_object_cache 
        
  20。檢視V$SQLAREA 
  SELECT SQL_TEXT, SHARABLE_MEM, PERSISTENT_MEM, RUNTIME_MEM, SORTS, 
  VERSION_COUNT, LOADED_VERSIONS, OPEN_VERSIONS, USERS_OPENING, EXECUTIONS, 
  USERS_EXECUTING, LOADS, FIRST_LOAD_TIME, INVALIDATIONS, PARSE_CALLS, DISK_READS, 
   BUFFER_GETS, ROWS_PROCESSED FROM V$SQLAREA 
   
  21。檢視object分類數量 
  select decode (o.type#,1,'INDEX' , 2,'TABLE' , 3 , 'CLUSTER' , 4, 'VIEW' , 5 , 
  'SYNONYM' , 6 , 'SEQUENCE' , 'OTHER' ) object_type , count(*) quantity from 
  sys.obj$ o where o.type# > 1 group by decode (o.type#,1,'INDEX' , 2,'TABLE' , 3 
  , 'CLUSTER' , 4, 'VIEW' , 5 , 'SYNONYM' , 6 , 'SEQUENCE' , 'OTHER' ) union select 
  'COLUMN' , count(*) from sys.col$ union select 'DB LINK' , count(*) from 
  
  22。按使用者檢視object種類 
  select u.name schema,  sum(decode(o.type#, 1, 1, NULL)) indexes,  
  sum(decode(o.type#, 2, 1, NULL)) tables,  sum(decode(o.type#, 3, 1, NULL)) 
  clusters,  sum(decode(o.type#, 4, 1, NULL)) views,  sum(decode(o.type#, 5, 1, 
  NULL)) synonyms,  sum(decode(o.type#, 6, 1, NULL)) sequences,  
  sum(decode(o.type#, 1, NULL, 2, NULL, 3, NULL, 4, NULL, 5, NULL, 6, NULL, 1)) 
  others  from sys.obj$ o, sys.user$ u  where o.type# >= 1 and  u.user# = 
  o.owner# and  u.name <> 'PUBLIC'  group by u.name  order by 
  sys.link$ union select 'CONSTRAINT' , count(*) from sys.con$ 
  
  23。有關connection的相關資訊 
  1)檢視有哪些使用者連線 
  select s.osuser os_user_name,  decode(sign(48 - command), 1, to_char(command), 
   'Action Code #' || to_char(command) ) action,   p.program oracle_process,   
  status session_status,  s.terminal terminal,  s.program program,  
  s.username user_name,  s.fixed_table_sequence activity_meter,  '' query,  
  0 memory,  0 max_memory,   0 cpu_usage,  s.sid,  s.serial# serial_num   
  from v$session s,  v$process p  where s.paddr=p.addr and  s.type = 'USER'  
   order by s.username, s.osuser 
   
  2)根據v.sid檢視對應連線的資源佔用等情況 
  select n.name, 
  v.value, 
  n.class, 
  n.statistic#  
  from v$statname n, 
  v$sesstat v 
  where v.sid = 71 and 
  v.statistic# = n.statistic# 
  order by n.class, n.statistic# 
  
  3)根據sid檢視對應連線正在執行的sql 
  select /*+ PUSH_SUBQ */ 
  command_type, 
  sql_text, 
  sharable_mem, 
  persistent_mem, 
  runtime_mem, 
  sorts, 
  version_count, 
  loaded_versions, 
  open_versions, 
  users_opening, 
  executions, 
  users_executing, 
  loads, 
  first_load_time, 
  invalidations, 
  parse_calls, 
  disk_reads, 
  buffer_gets, 
  rows_processed, 
  sysdate start_time, 
  sysdate finish_time, 
  '>' || address sql_address, 
  'N' status 
  from v$sqlarea 
  where address = (select sql_address from v$session where sid = 71) 
  
  24.查詢表空間使用情況select a.tablespace_name "表空間名稱", 
  100-round((nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/a.bytes_alloc)*100,2) "佔用率(%)", 
  round(a.bytes_alloc/1024/1024,2) "容量(M)", 
  round(nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/1024/1024,2) "空閒(M)", 
  round((a.bytes_alloc-nvl(b.bytes_free,0))/1024/1024,2) "使用(M)", 
  Largest "最大擴充套件段(M)", 
  to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') "取樣時間" 
  from (select f.tablespace_name, 
   sum(f.bytes) bytes_alloc, 
   sum(decode(f.autoextensible,'YES',f.maxbytes,'NO',f.bytes)) maxbytes 
  from dba_data_files f 
  group by tablespace_name) a, 
  (select f.tablespace_name, 
    sum(f.bytes) bytes_free 
  from dba_free_space f 
  group by tablespace_name) b, 
  (select round(max(ff.length)*16/1024,2) Largest, 
   ts.name tablespace_name 
  from sys.fet$ ff, sys.file$ tf,sys.ts$ ts 
  where ts.ts#=ff.ts# and ff.file#=tf.relfile# and ts.ts#=tf.ts# 
  group by ts.name, tf.blocks) c 
  where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name and a.tablespace_name = c.tablespace_name 
  
  25. 查詢表空間的碎片程度 
  select tablespace_name,count(tablespace_name) from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name 
  having count(tablespace_name)>10; 
  alter tablespace name coalesce; 
  alter table name deallocate unused; 
  create or replace view ts_blocks_v as 
  select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,'free space' segment_name from dba_free_space 
  union all 
  select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,segment_name from dba_extents; 
  select * from ts_blocks_v; 
  select tablespace_name,sum(bytes),max(bytes),count(block_id) from dba_free_space 
  group by tablespace_name; 
  
  26.檢視有哪些例項在執行: 
  select * from v$active_instances;

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