常用SQL查詢1

1、檢視錶空間的名稱及大小

select t.tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0) ts_size

from dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d

where t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name

group by t.tablespace_name;

 

2、檢視錶空間物理檔案的名稱及大小

select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,

round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space

from dba_data_files

order by tablespace_name;

 

3、檢視回滾段名稱及大小

select segment_name, tablespace_name, r.status, (initial_extent/1024) InitialExtent,

(next_extent/1024) NextExtent, max_extents, v.curext CurExtent

From dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v

Where r.segment_id = v.usn(+)

order by segment_name ;

 

4、檢視控制檔案

select name from v$controlfile;

 

5、檢視日誌檔案

select member from v$logfile;

 

6、檢視錶空間的使用情況

select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as free_space,tablespace_name

from dba_free_space

group by tablespace_name;

 

SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE,

(B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE"

FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE C

WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;

 

7、檢視資料庫庫物件

select owner, object_type, status, count(*) count#

from all_objects

group by owner, object_type, status;

 

8、檢視資料庫的版本　

Select version FROM Product_component_version

Where SUBSTR(PRODUCT,1,6)='Oracle';

 

9、檢視資料庫的建立日期和歸檔方式

Select Created, Log_Mode, Log_Mode From V$Database;

 

10、捕捉執行很久的SQL

column username format a12

column opname format a16

column progress format a8

 

select username,sid,opname, round(sofar*100 / totalwork,0) || '%' as progress, time_remaining,sql_text

from v$session_longops , v$sql

where time_remaining <> 0 and sql_address = address and sql_hash_value = hash_value

 

11。檢視資料表的引數資訊

SELECT   partition_name, high_value, high_value_length, tablespace_name,
         pct_free, pct_used, ini_trans, max_trans, initial_extent,
         next_extent, min_extent, max_extent, pct_increase, FREELISTS,
         freelist_groups, LOGGING, BUFFER_POOL, num_rows, blocks,
         empty_blocks, avg_space, chain_cnt, avg_row_len, sample_size,
         last_analyzed
FROM dba_tab_partitions
   --WHERE table_name = :tname AND table_owner = :towner
ORDER BY partition_position

 

12.檢視還沒提交的事務

select * from v$locked_object;

select * from v$transaction;

 

13。查詢object為哪些程式所用

select
p.spid,
s.sid,
s.serial# serial_num,
s.username user_name,
a.type  object_type,
s.osuser os_user_name,
a.owner,
a.object object_name,
decode(sign(48 - command),
1,
to_char(command), 'Action Code #' || to_char(command) ) action,
p.program oracle_process,
s.terminal terminal,
s.program program,
s.status session_status  
from v$session s, v$access a, v$process p  
where s.paddr = p.addr and
      s.type = 'USER' and       
      a.sid = s.sid   and
   a.object='SUBSCRIBER_ATTR'
order by s.username, s.osuser

 

14。回滾段檢視

select rownum, sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name Name, v$rollstat.extents Extents,

v$rollstat.rssize Size_in_Bytes, v$rollstat.xacts XActs, v$rollstat.gets Gets,

v$rollstat.waits Waits, v$rollstat.writes Writes, sys.dba_rollback_segs.status status

from v$rollstat, sys.dba_rollback_segs, v$rollname

where v$rollname.name(+) = sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name and
v$rollstat.usn (+) = v$rollname.usn order by rownum

 

15。耗資源的程式（top session）

select s.schemaname schema_name, decode(sign(48 - command), 1, to_char(command),

'Action Code #' || to_char(command) ) action, status session_status,

s.osuser os_user_name, s.sid, p.spid , s.serial# serial_num, 

nvl(s.username, '[Oracle process]') user_name, s.terminal terminal, s.program program,        st.value criteria_value 

from v$sesstat st,     v$session s  , v$process p  
where st.sid = s.sid and         st.statistic# = to_number('38') and ('ALL' = 'ALL' or s.status = 'ALL')

and p.addr = s.paddr

order by st.value desc,  p.spid asc, s.username asc, s.osuser asc

16。檢視鎖（lock）情況

select /*+ RULE */ ls.osuser os_user_name,     ls.username user_name, 
decode(ls.type, 'RW', 'Row wait enqueue lock', 'TM', 'DML enqueue lock', 'TX',
'Transaction enqueue lock', 'UL', 'User supplied lock') lock_type,      
o.object_name object,     decode(ls.lmode, 1, null, 2, 'Row Share', 3,
'Row Exclusive', 4, 'Share', 5, 'Share Row Exclusive', 6, 'Exclusive', null)
lock_mode,      o.owner,     ls.sid,  ls.serial# serial_num,       ls.id1,         ls.id2   
from sys.dba_objects o, (       select s.osuser,         s.username,               l.type,              
l.lmode,             s.sid,           s.serial#,            l.id1,           l.id2     from v$session s,           
v$lock l      where s.sid = l.sid ) ls  where o.object_id = ls.id1 and        o.owner
<> 'SYS'   order by o.owner, o.object_name

17。檢視等待（wait）情況

SELECT v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count count, SUM(v$sysstat.value) sum_value
FROM v$waitstat, v$sysstat WHERE v$sysstat.name IN ('db block gets',
'consistent gets') group by v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count

18。檢視sga情況

SELECT NAME, BYTES FROM SYS.V_$SGASTAT ORDER BY NAME ASC

19。檢視catched object

SELECT owner, name, db_link, namespace, 
        type, sharable_mem, loads, executions,  
        locks, pins, kept       

FROM v$db_object_cache
          
20。檢視V$SQLAREA

SELECT SQL_TEXT, SHARABLE_MEM, PERSISTENT_MEM, RUNTIME_MEM,

SORTS, VERSION_COUNT, LOADED_VERSIONS, OPEN_VERSIONS,

USERS_OPENING, EXECUTIONS, USERS_EXECUTING, LOADS,

FIRST_LOAD_TIME, INVALIDATIONS, PARSE_CALLS, DISK_READS,

BUFFER_GETS, ROWS_PROCESSED

FROM V$SQLAREA
 
21。檢視object分類數量

select decode (o.type#,1,'INDEX' , 2,'TABLE' , 3 , 'CLUSTER' , 4, 'VIEW' , 5 ,
'SYNONYM' , 6 , 'SEQUENCE' , 'OTHER' ) object_type , count(*) quantity from
sys.obj$ o where o.type# > 1 group by decode (o.type#,1,'INDEX' , 2,'TABLE' , 3
, 'CLUSTER' , 4, 'VIEW' , 5 , 'SYNONYM' , 6 , 'SEQUENCE' , 'OTHER' ) union select
'COLUMN' , count(*)

from sys.col$ union select 'DB LINK' , count(*) from

22。按使用者檢視object種類

select u.name schema, sum(decode(o.type#, 1, 1, NULL)) indexes,

sum(decode(o.type#, 2, 1, NULL)) tables, sum(decode(o.type#, 3, 1, NULL))  clusters,         sum(decode(o.type#, 4, 1, NULL)) views, sum(decode(o.type#, 5, 1, NULL)) synonyms,         sum(decode(o.type#, 6, 1, NULL)) sequences,

sum(decode(o.type#, 1, NULL, 2, NULL, 3, NULL, 4, NULL, 5, NULL, 6, NULL, 1)) others  

from sys.obj$ o, sys.user$ u  

where o.type# >= 1 and u.user# = o.owner# and u.name <> 'PUBLIC'  

group by u.name   

order by sys.link$

union

select 'CONSTRAINT' , count(*) from sys.con$

23。有關connection的相關資訊

1）檢視有哪些使用者連線

select s.osuser os_user_name,      decode(sign(48 - command), 1, to_char(command),
 'Action Code #' || to_char(command) ) action,             p.program oracle_process,           
status session_status,     s.terminal terminal,         s.program program,       
s.username user_name,          s.fixed_table_sequence activity_meter,     '' query,     
0 memory,        0 max_memory,     0 cpu_usage,   s.sid,    s.serial# serial_num   
from v$session s,     v$process p   where s.paddr=p.addr and       s.type = 'USER' 
 order by s.username, s.osuser
2）根據v.sid檢視對應連線的資源佔用等情況

select n.name,
              v.value,
              n.class,
              n.statistic# 
from  v$statname n,
              v$sesstat v
where v.sid = 71 and
              v.statistic# = n.statistic#
order by n.class, n.statistic#
3）根據sid檢視對應連線正在執行的sql

select /*+ PUSH_SUBQ */
              command_type,
              sql_text,
              sharable_mem,
              persistent_mem,
              runtime_mem,
              sorts,
              version_count,
              loaded_versions,
              open_versions,
              users_opening,
              executions,
              users_executing,
              loads,
              first_load_time,
              invalidations,
              parse_calls,
              disk_reads,
              buffer_gets,
              rows_processed,
              sysdate start_time,
              sysdate finish_time,
              '>' || address sql_address,
              'N' status
from v$sqlarea
where address = (select sql_address from v$session where sid = 71)

 

24．查詢表空間使用情況

select a.tablespace_name "表空間名稱",

       100-round((nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/a.bytes_alloc)*100,2) "佔用率(%)",

       round(a.bytes_alloc/1024/1024,2) "容量(M)",

       round(nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/1024/1024,2) "空閒(M)",

       round((a.bytes_alloc-nvl(b.bytes_free,0))/1024/1024,2) "使用(M)",

       Largest "最大擴充套件段(M)",

       to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') "取樣時間"

from  (select f.tablespace_name,

                sum(f.bytes) bytes_alloc,

                sum(decode(f.autoextensible,'YES',f.maxbytes,'NO',f.bytes)) maxbytes

       from dba_data_files f

       group by tablespace_name) a,

       (select  f.tablespace_name,

                 sum(f.bytes) bytes_free

       from dba_free_space f

       group by tablespace_name) b,

       (select round(max(ff.length)*16/1024,2) Largest,

                ts.name tablespace_name

       from sys.fet$ ff, sys.file$ tf,sys.ts$ ts

       where ts.ts#=ff.ts# and ff.file#=tf.relfile# and ts.ts#=tf.ts#

       group by ts.name, tf.blocks) c

where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name and a.tablespace_name = c.tablespace_name

 

25. 查詢表空間的碎片程度

select tablespace_name,count(tablespace_name) from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name

having count(tablespace_name)>10;

 

alter tablespace name coalesce;

alter table name deallocate unused;

 

create or replace view ts_blocks_v as

select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,'free space' segment_name from dba_free_space

union all

select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,segment_name from dba_extents;

 

select * from ts_blocks_v;

 

select tablespace_name,sum(bytes),max(bytes),count(block_id) from dba_free_space

group by tablespace_name;

 

26。查詢有哪些資料庫例項在執行

select inst_name from v$active_instances;

 

 

 

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