Extended Window Manager Hints

譯序：最近要對matchbox的視窗管理器進行改造，並模擬WinCE的外觀實現一個桌面。外觀上要求與WinCE類似，但仍然要相容其它GTK+應用程式，把視窗管理系統的規範吃透是必不可少的，翻譯規範自然是一種比較好的選擇。

翻譯時才發現，一些在英語裡很自然的術語，在中文裡很難找到一個適當的對應。譯事之難，非一言難盡。比如Hint這個詞，在理解整個文件並閱讀視窗管理器的程式碼後，我才明白hint意思是給視窗管理器的提示，即告訴視窗管理器，你最好這樣做，但並不強制要求這樣做。這裡翻譯為提示，並沒有完全表達原文的意思，一時也想不出更好的對應。

筆者並無信心讓人能全部讀懂，建議讀者去讀原文吧。若有興趣，也可以翻譯一段，對比一下，找出文中不當之處。望大家賜教，謝謝。

擴充套件視窗管理器提示規範

X Desktop Group

Draft version 1.4.draft-1

Table of Contents

目錄

Introduction 介紹

Version 版本

What is this spec? 本規範是什麼？

Language used in this specification 本規範中的術語

Prerequisites for adoption of this specification 採用本規範的前提條件

Non-ICCCM features 非-ICCCM特性

Additional States 額外狀態

Modality 模態

Large Desktops 大桌面

Sticky windows 固定視窗

Virtual Desktops 虛擬桌面

Pagers 分頁顯示欄

Taskbars 工作列

Activation 啟用

Animated iconification 動畫圖示

Window-in-window MDI 視窗中的視窗 MDI

Layered stacking order 分層棧的順序

Scope of this spec 本規範的範圍

Root Window Properties (and Related Messages) 根視窗的屬性

_NET_SUPPORTED

_NET_CLIENT_LIST

_NET_NUMBER_OF_DESKTOPS

_NET_DESKTOP_GEOMETRY

_NET_DESKTOP_VIEWPORT

_NET_CURRENT_DESKTOP

_NET_DESKTOP_NAMES

_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW

_NET_WORKAREA

_NET_SUPPORTING_WM_CHECK

_NET_VIRTUAL_ROOTS

_NET_DESKTOP_LAYOUT

_NET_SHOWING_DESKTOP

Other Root Window Messages 根視窗的其它訊息

_NET_CLOSE_WINDOW

_NET_MOVERESIZE_WINDOW

_NET_WM_MOVERESIZE

_NET_RESTACK_WINDOW

_NET_REQUEST_FRAME_EXTENTS

Application Window Properties 應用程式視窗的屬性

_NET_WM_NAME

_NET_WM_VISIBLE_NAME

_NET_WM_ICON_NAME

_NET_WM_VISIBLE_ICON_NAME

_NET_WM_DESKTOP

_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE

_NET_WM_STATE

_NET_WM_ALLOWED_ACTIONS

_NET_WM_STRUT

_NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL

_NET_WM_ICON_GEOMETRY

_NET_WM_ICON

_NET_WM_PID

_NET_WM_HANDLED_ICONS

_NET_WM_USER_TIME

_NET_FRAME_EXTENTS

Window Manager Protocols 視窗管理協議

_NET_WM_PING

_NET_WM_SYNC_REQUEST

Implementation notes 實現注意事項

Desktop/workspace model 桌面/工作臺的模態

File Manager desktop 檔案管理器桌面

Implementing enhanced support for application transient windows 為應用程式的暫態視窗提供額外支援

Urgency 緊急視窗

Fixed size windows 固定大小的視窗

Pagers and Taskbars分頁顯示欄與任務條

Window Geometry 視窗的幾何性質

Window-in-Window MDI 視窗中的視窗 MDI

Killing Hung Processes 清除掛起的程式

Stacking order 棧順序

Source indication in requests 請求來源指示器

References 參考

Copyright 版本

Contributors 貢獻者

Change history 修改歷史

Changes since 1.2

Changes since 1.1

Changes since 1.0

Changes since 1.0pre5

Changes since 1.0pre4

Changes since 1.0pre3

Changes since 1.0pre2

Changes since 1.0pre1

Changes since 1.9f

Changes since 1.9e

Changes since 1.9d

Changes since 1.9c

Changes since 1.9b

Introduction 介紹

Version 版本

This is Draft version 1.4.draft-1 of the Extended Window Manager Hints (EWMH) spec, updated May 13, 2005. The canonical home for this document is http://www.freedesktop.org, which also contains directions for reporting bugs or contributing to future versions.

這是擴充套件視窗管理提示(EWMH)規範的草案版本1.4.draft-1，於2005/5/13更新。本文件的官方網站為http://www.freedesktop.org，裡面也有如何報告錯誤和如何為將來版本做貢獻的說明。

What is this spec?

本規範是什麼？

This spec defines interactions between window managers, applications, and the utilities that form part of a desktop environment. It builds on the Inter-Client Communication Conventions Manual [ICCCM], which defines window manager interactions at a lower level. The ICCCM does not provide ways to implement many features that modern desktop users expect. The GNOME and KDE desktop projects originally developed their own extensions to the ICCCM to support these features; this spec replaces those custom extensions with a standardized set of ICCCM additions that any desktop environment can adopt.

本規範定義了視窗管理器、應用程式和其它一些組成桌面系統的工具之間的互動方法。它構建於客戶端之間通訊約定手冊(ICCCM)之上。ICCCM定義了視窗管理器的底層互動，但它沒有提供途徑去實現現代桌面使用者期望的一些特性。為了支援這些特性，GNOME和KDE桌面專案最初都對ICCCM進行了自己擴充套件。本規範使用一些ICCCM標準的擴充套件來代替那些專用的擴充套件，這樣本規範就可以被其它一些桌面環境採用了。

Language used in this specification

本規範中的術語

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.

本文中的 "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", 和 "OPTIONAL" 等關鍵字，可以認為與RFC 2119裡的描述是一致的。

The key words "Window Manager" refer to a window manager which is adopting this specification. "Pager" refers to desktop utility applications, including pagers and taskbars. "Application" refers to other clients. "Clients" refers to Pagers and Applications ie. all X clients, except for the Window Manager.

“Window Manager”特指遵循本規範的視窗管理器。"Pager"指桌面工具應用程式，包括分頁顯示欄和任務條。"Application"指除此之外的其它客戶端。"Clients"是分頁器和應用程式等所有X Window客戶端應用程式，不包括視窗管理器本身。

Prerequisites for adoption of this specification

採用本規範的前提

Window Managers and Clients which aim to fulfill this specification MUST adhere to the ICCCM on which this specification builds. If this specification explicitly modifies the ICCCM Window Managers and Clients MUST fulfill these modifications.

視窗管理器和XWindow客戶端應用程式要完全滿足本規範，就必須遵循本規範的基礎協議ICCCM。如果本規範顯式的修改了ICCCM視窗管理器和客戶端的協議，則應以修改之後的為準。