簡介
在分散式檔案系統中，由於服務數量巨多，為了方便服務配置檔案統一管理，實時更新，所以需要分散式配置中心元件。在Spring Cloud中，有分散式配置中心元件spring cloud config，它支援配置服務放在配置服務的記憶體中（即本地），也支援放在遠端git倉庫中。在spring cloud config元件中，分兩個角色，一個是config server， 而是config client。
專案構建
建立一個springboot專案，取名為config-server
pom如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.SpringCloud</groupId>
<artifactId>config-server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>config-server</name>
<description>config-server-desc</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.13.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR3</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>在程式的入口Application類加上@EnableConfigServer註解開啟配置伺服器的功能，程式碼如下
@EnableConfigServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConfigServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
}
}程式的配置檔案application.yml檔案配置如下
server:
port:
8888
spring:
application:
name:
config-server
cloud:
config:
server:
git:
uri: https://github.com/EnzoFeng/SpringCloudConfig.git
search-paths: respo
username: EnzoFeng
password: *******
label: master
spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri: 配置Git倉庫地址
spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths：配置倉庫路徑
spring.cloud.config.label: 配置倉庫的分支
spring.cloud.config.server.git.username: 訪問git倉庫的使用者名稱
spring.cloud.config.server.git.password: 訪問git倉庫的密碼
如果git倉庫為公開倉庫，可以不填寫使用者名稱和密碼，如果是私有倉庫需要填寫
在git新加一個配置檔案內容如下
foo=foo version 3啟動程式，訪問http://localhost:8888/foo/dev
{"name":"foo","profiles":["dev"],"label":null,"version":"7e84320106fd4750fa1079934ee6cb88d46e9eb0","state":null,"propertySources":[]}證明配置服務中心可以從遠端程式獲取配置資訊
http請求地址和資原始檔對映如下
/{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{application}-{profile}.properties
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties構建一個config client
pom如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.SpringCloud</groupId>
<artifactId>config-client</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>config-client</name>
<description>config-client-desc</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.13.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR3</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>配置檔案如下
spring:
application:
name: config-client
cloud:
config:
label: master
profile: dev
uri: http://localhost:8888/
server:
port: 8881spring.cloud.config.label：指明遠端倉庫的分支
spring.cloud.config.profile
dev 開發環境配置檔案
test 測試環境配置檔案
pro 正式環境配置檔案
spring.cloud.config.uri=http://localhost:8888/ 指明配置服務中心的網址
程式的入口類，寫一個API介面”/hi”,返回從配置中心讀取的foo變數的值，程式碼如下
@RestController
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConfigClientApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args);
}
@Value("${foo}")
String foo;
@RequestMapping("/hi")
public String hi(){
return foo;
}
}啟動專案，請求http://localhost:8881/hi
說明config-client從config-server獲取了foo的屬性，而config-server是從git倉庫讀取的
