將樹莓派配置成路由器

blabla發表於2019-11-27
樹莓派路由器

安裝pppoe撥號上網軟體

sudo apt install pppoe pppoeconf pppstatus

更新系統

sudo apt update 
sudo apt dist-update

安裝hostapd和dhcp

sudo apt install hostapd isc-dhcp-server

修改/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 配置檔案

  • 註釋以下兩行 
    # option domain-name "example.org";
# option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;
  • 取消註釋下面這行 
    #authoritative;
  • 在行尾加上 
    subnet 192.168.42.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    range 192.168.42.10 192.168.42.50;
    option broadcast-address 192.168.42.255;
    option routers 192.168.42.1;
    default-lease-time 600;
    max-lease-time 7200;
    option domain-name "local";
    option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114, 114.114.115.115;
}

修改/etc/default/isc-dhcp-server配置檔案

  • 更改INTERFACESv4並註釋INTERFACESv6 
    INTERFACESv4="wlan0"
#INTERFACESv6=""
  • 關閉wlan0介面 
    sudo ifdown wlan0

修改/etc/network/interfaces配置檔案

  • 將下面行放到檔案末尾 
    auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
iface eth0 inet dhcp
allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
address 192.168.42.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
post-up iw dev $IFACE set power_save off
  • 強行更改ip 
    sudo ifconfig wlan0 192.168.42.1

建立/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf配置檔案設定wifi

  • 寫入如下行 
    interface=wlan0
ssid=wifiname
hw_mode=g
channel=6
macaddr_acl=0
auth_algs=1
ignore_broadcast_ssid=0
wpa=2
wpa_passphrase=password
wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
wpa_pairwise=TKIP
rsn_pairwise=CCMP

修改/etc/sysctl.conf配置檔案將pppoe與wifi連線起來實現wifi上網

  • 在檔案最後加上 
    net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
  • 刷一下iptables 
    sudo sh -c "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward"
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i ppp0 -o wlan0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlan0 -o ppp0 -j ACCEPT

    或

    sudo sh -c "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward"
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i ppp0 -o wlan0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlan0 -o ppp0 -j ACCEPT
  • 加入啟動項全家通 
    sudo sh -c "iptables-save > /etc/iptables.ipv4.nat"
  • 最後在檔案/etc/network/interfaces後加入如下行 
    up iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.ipv4.nat

最後

sudo service hostapd start
sudo service isc-dhcp-server start
sudo reboot
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