Oracle監聽器中的XDB、XPT和PLSExtProc服務

lhrbest發表於2019-07-29


Oracle監聽器中的XDB、XPT和PLSExtProc服務


資料庫在shutdown狀態下,僅有PLSExtProc服務,且處於未知狀態。


資料庫在nomount狀態下,有SID、SIDXDB、SID_XPT、PLSExtProc服務,其中,SID、SIDXDB、SID_XPT服務處於

就緒/準備狀態,PLSExtProc處於未知狀態。


下面分別介紹各個服務的作用:


SID:啟動資料庫例項的服務

SIDXDB:高效處理XML資料的服務,預設會佔用8080埠。

SID_XPT:Oracle 10g為DG準備的服務,DB BROKER會用到,如果不用DG可以刪掉。

PLSExtProc:PL/SQL呼叫外部介面(C、JAVA編寫的過程)的服務——容易受攻擊


觀察監聽在資料庫每個狀態下各個服務的啟動情況和狀態:


SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.


Services Summary...

Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully


注:資料庫在shutdown狀態下,僅有PLSExtProc服務,且處於未知狀態。


SQL> startup nomount;

ORACLE instance started.


Total System Global Area  826277888 bytes

Fixed Size      1222096 bytes

Variable Size    473958960 bytes

Database Buffers   348127232 bytes

Redo Buffers      2969600 bytes


Service "C2155" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "C2155", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "C2155_XPT" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "C2155", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully


注:資料庫在nomount狀態下,有SID、SID_XPT、PLSExtProc服務,其中,SID、SID_XPT服務處於封鎖狀態,PLSExtProc處於未知狀態。


SQL> alter database mount;


Database altered.


Services Summary...

Service "C2155" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "C2155", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "C2155_XPT" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "C2155", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully


注:資料庫在nomount狀態下,有SID、SID_XPT、PLSExtProc服務,其中,SID、SID_XPT服務處於就緒/準備狀態,PLSExtProc處於未知狀態。


SQL> alter database open;


Database altered.


Services Summary...

Service "C2155" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "C2155", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "C2155XDB" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "C2155", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "C2155_XPT" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "C2155", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully



【LISTENER】使用Oracle隱含引數禁止“_XPT”服務註冊到監聽器



在Oracle的10.2版本中,Oracle不僅會將資料庫的例項註冊到監聽器,與此同時還會註冊生成一個名為_XPT(以資料庫的SID開頭,以XPT結尾,中間是下劃線)的服務,這個服務是用於Data Guard環境,對正常資料庫連線沒有影響。鑑於_XPT服務的作用,我們完全有理由取消這個註冊。這裡給出禁止_XPT服務註冊到監聽器的方法。
  我們可以通過將隱含引數“__dg_broker_service_names”內容置空的方法達到這個目的。

1.“__dg_broker_service_names”隱含引數的含義
可以通過x$ksppi和x$ksppcv獲取隱含引數的當前值和說明資訊。查詢結果如下。
sys@ora10g> select a.ksppinm param_name,b.ksppstvl param_value,a.ksppdesc param_description from x$ksppi a,x$ksppcv b where a.indx = b.indx and a.ksppinm = '__dg_broker_service_names';

PARAM_NAME                 PARAM_VALUE   PARAM_DESCRIPTION
-------------------------- ------------- ----------------------------
__dg_broker_service_names  ora10g_XPT    service names for broker use

2.監聽器狀態資訊
ora10g@secdb /home/oracle$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 22-AUG-2011 21:19:58

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=secdb)(port=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                22-AUG-2011 21:19:12
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 46 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=secdb.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "ora10g" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora10g", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ora10g_XPT" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora10g", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully


其中“ora10g_XPT”便是我們所提到的_XPT服務。我們的目標就是去除這個註冊資訊。

3.將“__dg_broker_service_names”隱含引數置空
sys@ora10g> alter system set "__dg_broker_service_names" = '';

System altered.

注意,此隱含引數為動態引數,可以直接進行調整。

4.重啟監聽器後檢視監聽狀態
1)停止監聽器
LSNRCTL> stop
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=secdb)(port=1521)))
The command completed successfully

2)啟動監聽器
LSNRCTL> start
Starting /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=secdb.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=secdb)(port=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                22-AUG-2011 21:22:40
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=secdb.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully


3)等待資料庫例項註冊到監聽後檢視監聽器狀態
ora10g@secdb /home/oracle$ lsnrctl

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 22-AUG-2011 21:23:00

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information.

LSNRCTL> status
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=secdb)(port=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                22-AUG-2011 21:22:40
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 21 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=secdb.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "ora10g" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora10g", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully


此時ora10g_XPT服務已經不在監聽中註冊。任務完成。

5.小結
  在非Data Guard環境的Oracle 10.2版本及以上環境,我們都可以使用此方法實現禁止_XPT服務註冊到監聽器。消除一切疑惑的內容,將資料庫的執行狀態掌握在自己的手中。





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