寫在前面
經過前面三篇關於.NET Core Configuration的文章之後,本篇文章主要討論如何擴充套件一個Configuration元件出來。如果前面三篇文章沒有看到,可以點選如下地址訪問
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.NET Core 3.0之深入原始碼理解Configuration(一)
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.NET Core 3.0之深入原始碼理解Configuration(二)
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.NET Core 3.0之深入原始碼理解Configuration(三)
瞭解了Configuration的原始碼後,再去擴充套件一個元件就會比較簡單,接下來我們將在.NET Core 3.0-preview5的基礎上建立一個基於Consul的配置元件。
相信大家對Consul已經比較瞭解了,很多專案都會使用Consul作為配置中心,此處也不做其他闡述了,主要是講一下,建立Consul配置擴充套件的一些思路。使用Consul配置功能時,我們可以將資訊轉成JSON格式後再儲存,那麼我們在讀取的時候,在體驗上就像是從讀取JSON檔案中讀取一樣。
開發前的準備
初始化Consul
假設你已經安裝並啟動了Consul,我們開啟Key/Value功能介面,建立兩組配置選項出來,分別是commonservice和userservice,如下圖所示
配置值採用JSON格式
實現思路
我們知道在Configuration整個的設計框架裡,比較重要的類ConfigurationRoot,內部又有一個IConfigurationProvider集合屬性,也就是說我們追加IConfigurationProvider例項最終也會被放到到該集合中,如下圖所示
該專案中,我使用到了一個已經封裝好的Consul(V0.7.2.6)類庫,同時基於.NET Core關於Configuration的設計風格,做如下的框架設計
考慮到我會在該元件內部建立ConsulClient例項,所以對ConsulClient建構函式的一部分引數做了抽象提取,並新增到了IConsulConfigurationSource中,以增強該元件的靈活性。
之前說過,Consul中的配置資訊是以JSON格式儲存的,所以此處使用到了Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json.JsonConfigurationFileParser,用以將JSON格式的資訊轉換為Configuration的通用格式Key/Value。
核心程式碼
IConsulConfigurationSource
1: /// <summary>
2: /// ConsulConfigurationSource
3: /// </summary>
4: public interface IConsulConfigurationSource : IConfigurationSource
5: {
6: /// <summary>
7: /// CancellationToken
8: /// </summary>
9: CancellationToken CancellationToken { get; }
10:
11: /// <summary>
12: /// Consul建構函式例項,可自定義傳入
13: /// </summary>
14: Action<ConsulClientConfiguration> ConsulClientConfiguration { get; set; }
15:
16: /// <summary>
17: /// Consul建構函式例項,可自定義傳入
18: /// </summary>
19: Action<HttpClient> ConsulHttpClient { get; set; }
20:
21: /// <summary>
22: /// Consul建構函式例項,可自定義傳入
23: /// </summary>
24: Action<HttpClientHandler> ConsulHttpClientHandler { get; set; }
25:
26: /// <summary>
27: /// 服務名稱
28: /// </summary>
29: string ServiceKey { get; }
30:
31: /// <summary>
32: /// 可選項
33: /// </summary>
34: bool Optional { get; set; }
35:
36: /// <summary>
37: /// Consul查詢選項
38: /// </summary>
39: QueryOptions QueryOptions { get; set; }
40:
41: /// <summary>
42: /// 重新載入延遲時間,單位是毫秒
43: /// </summary>
44: int ReloadDelay { get; set; }
45:
46: /// <summary>
47: /// 是否在配置改變的時候重新載入
48: /// </summary>
49: bool ReloadOnChange { get; set; }
50: }
ConsulConfigurationSource
該類提供了一個建構函式,用於接收ServiceKey和CancellationToken例項
1: public ConsulConfigurationSource(string serviceKey, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
2: {
3: if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(serviceKey))
4: {
5: throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(serviceKey));
6: }
7:
8: this.ServiceKey = serviceKey;
9: this.CancellationToken = cancellationToken;
10: }
其build()方法也比較簡單,主要是初始化ConsulConfigurationParser例項
1: public IConfigurationProvider Build(IConfigurationBuilder builder)
2: {
3: ConsulConfigurationParser consulParser = new ConsulConfigurationParser(this);
4:
5: return new ConsulConfigurationProvider(this, consulParser);
6: }
ConsulConfigurationParser
該類比較複雜,主要實現Consul配置的獲取、監控以及容錯處理,公共方法原始碼如下
1: /// <summary>
2: /// 獲取並轉換Consul配置資訊
3: /// </summary>
4: /// <param name="reloading"></param>
5: /// <param name="source"></param>
6: /// <returns></returns>
7: public async Task<IDictionary<string, string>> GetConfig(bool reloading, IConsulConfigurationSource source)
8: {
9: try
10: {
11: QueryResult<KVPair> kvPair = await this.GetKvPairs(source.ServiceKey, source.QueryOptions, source.CancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
12: if ((kvPair?.Response == null) && !source.Optional)
13: {
14: if (!reloading)
15: {
16: throw new FormatException(Resources.Error_InvalidService(source.ServiceKey));
17: }
18:
19: return new Dictionary<string, string>();
20: }
21:
22: if (kvPair?.Response == null)
23: {
24: throw new FormatException(Resources.Error_ValueNotExist(source.ServiceKey));
25: }
26:
27: this.UpdateLastIndex(kvPair);
28:
29: return JsonConfigurationFileParser.Parse(source.ServiceKey, new MemoryStream(kvPair.Response.Value));
30: }
31: catch (Exception exception)
32: {
33: throw exception;
34: }
35: }
36:
37: /// <summary>
38: /// Consul配置資訊監控
39: /// </summary>
40: /// <param name="key"></param>
41: /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param>
42: /// <returns></returns>
43: public IChangeToken Watch(string key, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
44: {
45: Task.Run(() => this.RefreshForChanges(key, cancellationToken), cancellationToken);
46:
47: return this.reloadToken;
48: }
另外,關於Consul的監控主要利用了QueryResult.LastIndex屬性,該類快取了該屬性的值,並與實獲取的值進行比較,以判斷是否需要重新載入記憶體中的快取配置
ConsulConfigurationProvider
該類除了實現Load方法外,還會根據ReloadOnChange屬性,在建構函式中註冊OnChange事件,用於重新載入配置資訊,原始碼如下:
1: public sealed class ConsulConfigurationProvider : ConfigurationProvider
2: {
3: private readonly ConsulConfigurationParser configurationParser;
4: private readonly IConsulConfigurationSource source;
5:
6: public ConsulConfigurationProvider(IConsulConfigurationSource source, ConsulConfigurationParser configurationParser)
7: {
8: this.configurationParser = configurationParser;
9: this.source = source;
10:
11: if (source.ReloadOnChange)
12: {
13: ChangeToken.OnChange(
14: () => this.configurationParser.Watch(this.source.ServiceKey, this.source.CancellationToken),
15: async () =>
16: {
17: await this.configurationParser.GetConfig(true, source).ConfigureAwait(false);
18:
19: Thread.Sleep(source.ReloadDelay);
20:
21: this.OnReload();
22: });
23: }
24: }
25:
26: public override void Load()
27: {
28: try
29: {
30: this.Data = this.configurationParser.GetConfig(false, this.source).ConfigureAwait(false).GetAwaiter().GetResult();
31: }
32: catch (AggregateException aggregateException)
33: {
34: throw aggregateException.InnerException;
35: }
36: }
37: }
呼叫及執行結果
此處呼叫在Program中實現
1: public class Program
2: {
3: public static void Main(string[] args)
4: {
5: CancellationTokenSource cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
6:
7: WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder(args).ConfigureAppConfiguration(
8: (hostingContext, builder) =>
9: {
10: builder.AddConsul("userservice", cancellationTokenSource.Token, source =>
11: {
12: source.ConsulClientConfiguration = cco => cco.Address = new Uri("http://localhost:8500");
13: source.Optional = true;
14: source.ReloadOnChange = true;
15: source.ReloadDelay = 300;
16: source.QueryOptions = new QueryOptions
17: {
18: WaitIndex = 0
19: };
20: });
21:
22: builder.AddConsul("commonservice", cancellationTokenSource.Token, source =>
23: {
24: source.ConsulClientConfiguration = cco => cco.Address = new Uri("http://localhost:8500");
25: source.Optional = true;
26: source.ReloadOnChange = true;
27: source.ReloadDelay = 300;
28: source.QueryOptions = new QueryOptions
29: {
30: WaitIndex = 0
31: };
32: });
33: }).UseStartup<Startup>().Build().Run();
34: }
35: }
執行結果,如下圖所示,我們已經載入到了兩個ConsulProvider例項,這與我們在Program中新增的兩個Consul配置一致,其中所載入到的值也和.NET Core Configuration的Key/Value風格相一致,所載入到的值也會Consul中所儲存的相一致
總結
基於原始碼擴充套件一個配置元件出來,還是比較簡單的,另外需要說明的是,該元件關於JSON的處理主要基於.NET Core原生元件,位於名稱空間內的System.Text.Json中,所以該元件無法在.NET Core 3.0之前的版本中執行,需要引入額外的JSON元件輔助處理。
原始碼已經託管於GitHub,地址:https://github.com/littlehorse8/Navyblue.Extensions.Configuration.Consul,記得點個小星星哦