實際上，為了解決threadLocal潛在的記憶體洩漏的問題，Josh Bloch and Doug Lea大師已經做了一些改進。在threadLocal的set和get方法中都有相應的處理。下文為了敘述，針對key為null的entry，原始碼註釋為stale entry，直譯為不新鮮的entry，這裡我就稱之為“髒entry”。比如在ThreadLocalMap的set方法中：
private void set(ThreadLocal<?> key, Object value) {
// We don't use a fast path as with get() because it is at
// least as common to use set() to create new entries as
// it is to replace existing ones, in which case, a fast
// path would fail more often than not.
Entry[] tab = table;
int len = tab.length;
int i = key.threadLocalHashCode & (len-1);
for (Entry e = tab[i];
e != null;
e = tab[i = nextIndex(i, len)]) {
ThreadLocal<?> k = e.get();
if (k == key) {
e.value = value;
return;
}
if (k == null) {
replaceStaleEntry(key, value, i);
return;
}
}
tab[i] = new Entry(key, value);
int sz = ++size;
if (!cleanSomeSlots(i, sz) && sz >= threshold)
rehash();
}
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/* @param i a position known NOT to hold a stale entry. The
* scan starts at the element after i.
*
* @param n scan control: {@code log2(n)} cells are scanned,
* unless a stale entry is found, in which case
* {@code log2(table.length)-1} additional cells are scanned.
* When called from insertions, this parameter is the number
* of elements, but when from replaceStaleEntry, it is the
* table length. (Note: all this could be changed to be either
* more or less aggressive by weighting n instead of just
* using straight log n. But this version is simple, fast, and
* seems to work well.)
*
* @return true if any stale entries have been removed.
*/
private boolean cleanSomeSlots(int i, int n) {
boolean removed = false;
Entry[] tab = table;
int len = tab.length;
do {
i = nextIndex(i, len);
Entry e = tab[i];
if (e != null && e.get() == null) {
n = len;
removed = true;
i = expungeStaleEntry(i);
}
} while ( (n >>>= 1) != 0);
return removed;
}
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/**
* Expunge a stale entry by rehashing any possibly colliding entries
* lying between staleSlot and the next null slot. This also expunges
* any other stale entries encountered before the trailing null. See
* Knuth, Section 6.4
*
* @param staleSlot index of slot known to have null key
* @return the index of the next null slot after staleSlot
* (all between staleSlot and this slot will have been checked
* for expunging).
*/
private int expungeStaleEntry(int staleSlot) {
Entry[] tab = table;
int len = tab.length;
//清除當前髒entry
// expunge entry at staleSlot
tab[staleSlot].value = null;
tab[staleSlot] = null;
size--;
// Rehash until we encounter null
Entry e;
int i;
//2.往後環形繼續查詢,直到遇到table[i]==null時結束
for (i = nextIndex(staleSlot, len);
(e = tab[i]) != null;
i = nextIndex(i, len)) {
ThreadLocal<?> k = e.get();
//3. 如果在向後搜尋過程中再次遇到髒entry，同樣將其清理掉
if (k == null) {
e.value = null;
tab[i] = null;
size--;
} else {
//處理rehash的情況
int h = k.threadLocalHashCode & (len - 1);
if (h != i) {
tab[i] = null;
// Unlike Knuth 6.4 Algorithm R, we must scan until
// null because multiple entries could have been stale.
while (tab[h] != null)
h = nextIndex(h, len);
tab[h] = e;
}
}
}
return i;
}
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/*
* @param key the key
* @param value the value to be associated with key
* @param staleSlot index of the first stale entry encountered while
* searching for key.
*/
private void replaceStaleEntry(ThreadLocal<?> key, Object value,
int staleSlot) {
Entry[] tab = table;
int len = tab.length;
Entry e;
// Back up to check for prior stale entry in current run.
// We clean out whole runs at a time to avoid continual
// incremental rehashing due to garbage collector freeing
// up refs in bunches (i.e., whenever the collector runs).
//向前找到第一個髒entry
int slotToExpunge = staleSlot;
for (int i = prevIndex(staleSlot, len);
(e = tab[i]) != null;
i = prevIndex(i, len))
if (e.get() == null)
1. slotToExpunge = i;
// Find either the key or trailing null slot of run, whichever
// occurs first
for (int i = nextIndex(staleSlot, len);
(e = tab[i]) != null;
i = nextIndex(i, len)) {
ThreadLocal<?> k = e.get();
// If we find key, then we need to swap it
// with the stale entry to maintain hash table order.
// The newly stale slot, or any other stale slot
// encountered above it, can then be sent to expungeStaleEntry
// to remove or rehash all of the other entries in run.
if (k == key) {
//如果在向後環形查詢過程中發現key相同的entry就覆蓋並且和髒entry進行交換
2. e.value = value;
3. tab[i] = tab[staleSlot];
4. tab[staleSlot] = e;
// Start expunge at preceding stale entry if it exists
//如果在查詢過程中還未發現髒entry，那麼就以當前位置作為cleanSomeSlots
//的起點
if (slotToExpunge == staleSlot)
5. slotToExpunge = i;
//搜尋髒entry並進行清理
6. cleanSomeSlots(expungeStaleEntry(slotToExpunge), len);
return;
}
// If we didn't find stale entry on backward scan, the
// first stale entry seen while scanning for key is the
// first still present in the run.
//如果向前未搜尋到髒entry，則在查詢過程遇到髒entry的話，後面就以此時這個位置
//作為起點執行cleanSomeSlots
if (k == null && slotToExpunge == staleSlot)
7. slotToExpunge = i;
}
// If key not found, put new entry in stale slot
//如果在查詢過程中沒有找到可以覆蓋的entry，則將新的entry插入在髒entry
8. tab[staleSlot].value = null;
9. tab[staleSlot] = new Entry(key, value);
// If there are any other stale entries in run, expunge them
10. if (slotToExpunge != staleSlot)
//執行cleanSomeSlots
11. cleanSomeSlots(expungeStaleEntry(slotToExpunge), len);
}
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該方法的邏輯請看註釋，下面我結合各種情況詳細說一下該方法的執行過程。首先先看這一部分的程式碼：
int slotToExpunge = staleSlot;
for (int i = prevIndex(staleSlot, len);
(e = tab[i]) != null;
i = prevIndex(i, len))
if (e.get() == null)
slotToExpunge = i;
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private Entry getEntryAfterMiss(ThreadLocal<?> key, int i, Entry e) {
Entry[] tab = table;
int len = tab.length;
while (e != null) {
ThreadLocal<?> k = e.get();
if (k == key)
return e;
if (k == null)
expungeStaleEntry(i);
else
i = nextIndex(i, len);
e = tab[i];
}
return null;
}
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