python爬蟲學習(3)-抓取廖雪峰python教程並製作成PDF文件

實現功能：抓取廖雪峰網站的python教程，儲存html頁面到本地，然後用pdfkit包將html轉換為pdf。
執行需求：安裝python的pdfkit包和windows下的wkhtmltopdf。

程式碼如下：
# -*- coding: utf-8
import urllib2
import urllib
import re,os
import time
import pdfkit
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

class Liao:
def __init__(self,init_url,out_put_path):
self.init_url = init_url
self.out_put_path = out_put_path
self.user_agent = 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT)'
self.headers = { 'User-Agent' : self.user_agent }
self.file_name = 'liao.pdf'
self.html_template = """
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="gb2312">
</head>
<body>
{content}
</body>
</html>

"""
#獲取網頁內容
def get_content(self,url):
try:
request = urllib2.Request(url,headers=self.headers)
response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
content = response.read().decode('utf-8').encode('GBK')
return content
except urllib2.URLError, e:
if hasattr(e,"reason"):
print u"連線頁面失敗,錯誤原因",e.reason
return None

#獲取文章目錄url列表
def get_article_url(self):
content = self.get_content(self.init_url)
#print content
pattern = re.compile(r'<li id="\d.*?" style="margin-left:(\d)em;">.*?<a href="(.*?)">(.*?)</a>.*?</li>',re.S)
# pattern = re.compile(r'<li id="(\d.*?)" style="margin-left:\dem;">',re.S)
result = re.findall(pattern,content)
i = 1
print len(result)
# for x in result:
# print x[0],x[1]
# i+=1
return result

#獲取文章內容，傳入文章的url，返回文章內容
def get_article_detail(self):
url_list = self.get_article_url()
pattern = re.compile(r'<div class="x-wiki-content">(.*?)</div>',re.S)
# patt_title = re.compile(r'<h4>(.*?)</h4>')
patt_img = re.compile(r'<img src="(/files/attachments/.*?)"',re.S)
i = 1
urls = []
for item in url_list:
#獲取文章的url
article_url = 'http://www.liaoxuefeng.com' + item[1]
url_ind = article_url.split('/')[-1]

#提取文章標題
article_title = item[2].replace('/','_')
title_level = item[0]
#title_tag = '<center><h' + title_level + '>' + article_title + '</h' + title_level + '></center>'
title_tag = '<center><h1>' + article_title + '</h></center>'
#生成html檔名
html_file = url_ind + '.html'

#根據文章url，抓取文章內容
content = self.get_content(article_url)
article_content = str(re.findall(pattern,content)[0])

#處理圖片的url,加上域名
def func(m):
if not m.group(1).startswith("http"):
rtn = '<img src="http://www.liaoxuefeng.com' + m.group(1) + '"'
return rtn
else:
return '<img src="' + m.group(1) + '"'
article_content = re.compile(patt_img).sub(func, article_content)

#將標題加到文章內容中
article_content = title_tag + article_content
article_content = self.html_template.format(content=article_content)

#生成url及檔名列表
urls.append((url_ind,html_file))

#寫檔案
print 'saving file ' + html_file
with open(html_file, 'wb') as f:
f.write(article_content)
return urls

#將html儲存成pdf
def save_pdf(self,htmls):
"""
把所有html檔案儲存到pdf檔案
"""
options = {
'page-size': 'Letter',
'encoding': "UTF-8",
'custom-header': [
('Accept-Encoding', 'gzip')
]
}
pdfkit.from_file(htmls, self.file_name, options=options)

init_url = 'http://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/0014316089557264a6b348958f449949df42a6d3a2e542c000'
out_put_path = 'd:/python/test/output'
liao = Liao(init_url,out_put_path)
urls = liao.get_article_detail()
htmls = [x[1] for x in urls]
liao.save_pdf(htmls)

來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ，連結：http://blog.itpub.net/10972173/viewspace-2133756/，如需轉載，請註明出處，否則將追究法律責任。

python爬蟲學習(3)-抓取廖雪峰python教程並製作成PDF文件

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