揭祕ORACLE備份之----RMAN之四（塊跟蹤）

Block Change Tracking（塊跟蹤）主要用於RMAN備份的增量備份，記錄自從上一次備份以來資料塊的變化，相關後臺程式CTWR（Change Tracking Writer）
改善增量備份效能，RMAN可以不再掃描整個檔案以查詢變更資料。從10g開始提供此功能。

le@vmrac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Oct 28 18:31:47 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 Connected to:
 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
 With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
 Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> -- 增量備份的資料塊跟蹤
SQL> select * from v$block_change_tracking;

STATUS     FILENAME                            BYTES
 ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
 DISABLED

SQL> -- 開啟資料塊跟蹤功能
 SQL> alter database enable block change tracking;

Database altered.

SQL> select * from v$block_change_tracking;

STATUS     FILENAME                                                           BYTES
 ---------- --------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
 ENABLED    +DATA/rac/changetracking/ctf.279.830025153   11599872
            

SQL> -- 資料塊跟蹤程式CTWR
 SQL> host ps -ef | grep ctwr
 oracle   11886     1  0 18:32 ?        00:00:00 ora_ctwr_rac1
 oracle   11894 11875  0 18:32 pts/2    00:00:00 /bin/bash -c ps -ef | grep ctwr
 oracle   11896 11894  0 18:32 pts/2    00:00:00 grep ctwr

SQL> -- 關閉資料塊更改跟蹤功能
 SQL> alter database disable block change tracking;

Database altered.

SQL> select * from v$block_change_tracking;

STATUS     FILENAME                            BYTES
 ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
 DISABLED

SQL> -- 開啟跟蹤功能，並使用指定檔案記錄資料塊更改
 SQL> alter database enable block change tracking using file '/home/oracle/ctf';

Database altered.

SQL> select * from v$block_change_tracking;

STATUS     FILENAME                          BYTES
 ---------- ------------------------------------ ----------
 ENABLED    /home/oracle/ctf               11599872

SQL> alter database disable block change tracking;

Database altered.

SQL> select * from v$block_change_tracking;

STATUS     FILENAME                            BYTES
 ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
 DISABLED

SQL> alter database enable block change tracking;

Database altered.
-- 自動生成跟蹤檔案

SQL> select * from v$block_change_tracking;

STATUS     FILENAME                                                            BYTES
 ---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
 ENABLED    +DATA/rac/changetracking/ctf.280.830025283     11599872

SQL> exit
 Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
 With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
 Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
 [oracle@vmrac1 ~]$ su - grid
 Password:
[grid@vmrac1 ~]$ rlwrap asmcmd -p
 ASMCMD [+] > ls
 DATA/
 ASMCMD [+] > cd data
 ASMCMD [+data] > ls
 RAC/
 vmrac/
 ASMCMD [+data] > cd rac
 ASMCMD [+data/rac] > ls
 ARCHIVELOG/
 BACKUPSET/
 CHANGETRACKING/
 CONTROLFILE/
 DATAFILE/
 ONLINELOG/
 PARAMETERFILE/
 TEMPFILE/
 spfilerac.ora
 ASMCMD [+data/rac] > cd changetracking
 ASMCMD [+data/rac/changetracking] > ls
 ctf.279.830025153
 ctf.280.830025283
 

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