Oracle 10g RAC 常用維護操作 說明

一. 檢查共享裝置

一般情況下， 存放OCR 和 Voting Disk 的OCFS2 或者raw 都是自動啟動的。 如果他們沒有啟動，RAC 肯定是啟動不了的。

1.1 如果使用ocfs2的，檢查ocfs2 狀態

/etc/init.d/o2cb status

在掛載之前，/etc/init.d/o2cb status 顯示為Checking O2CB heartbeat: Not active。

在格式化和掛載檔案系統之前，應驗證 O2CB 在兩個節點上均聯機；O2CB 心跳當前沒有

活動，因為檔案系統還沒有掛載 。掛載之後就會變成active。

mount -t ocfs2 -o datavolume /dev/sdb1 /u02/oradata/orcl

1,2. 如果使用raw device.

[root@raw1 ~]# cd /dev/raw/

[root@raw1 raw]# ls

raw1 raw2

或者：

[root@raw1 init.d]# /etc/init.d/rawdevices status

/dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 8, minor 17

/dev/raw/raw2: bound to major 8, minor 18

1.3. 檢查ASM

/etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks

二． 自動啟動RAC並檢查相關程式

RAC 在啟動的時候crs 等程式都是自動啟動的：

[root@rac1 init.d]# ls -l /etc/init.d/init.*

-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 1951 Feb 26 22:38 /etc/init.d/init.crs

-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 4714 Feb 26 22:38 /etc/init.d/init.crsd

-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 35394 Feb 26 22:38 /etc/init.d/init.cssd

-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 3190 Feb 26 22:38 /etc/init.d/init.evmd

我們要檢視一下crs 的狀態：

正常情況下， 程式都是online的：

[root@raw1 bin]# ./crs_stat -t

Name Type Target State Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora.raw.db application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora.raw.raw.cs application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora....aw1.srv application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora....aw2.srv application ONLINE ONLINE raw2

ora....w1.inst application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora....w2.inst application ONLINE ONLINE raw2

ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora....W1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora.raw1.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora.raw1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora.raw1.vip application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE raw2

ora....W2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE raw2

ora.raw2.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE raw2

ora.raw2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE raw2

ora.raw2.vip application ONLINE ONLINE raw2

如果出現以下情況：

[root@rac2 bin]# ./crs_stat -t

Name Type Target State Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora.rac.db application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac1

ora....orcl.cs application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac1

ora....ac1.srv application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora....ac2.srv application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora....c1.inst application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac1

ora....c2.inst application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac2

ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac1

ora....C1.lsnr application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac1

ora.rac1.gsd application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac1

ora.rac1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac1

ora.rac1.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac1

ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac2

ora....C2.lsnr application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac2

ora.rac2.gsd application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac2

ora.rac2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac2

ora.rac2.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac2

解決方法：

1. 用crs_stat 檢視程式全部資訊：

[root@rac2 bin]# ./crs_stat

NAME=ora.rac.db

TYPE=application

TARGET=ONLINE

STATE=ONLINE on rac2

NAME=ora.rac1.LISTENER_RAC1.lsnr

TYPE=application

TARGET=ONLINE

STATE=UNKNOWN on rac1

NAME=ora.rac1.gsd

TYPE=application

TARGET=ONLINE

STATE=UNKNOWN on rac1

NAME=ora.rac2.LISTENER_RAC2.lsnr

TYPE=application

TARGET=ONLINE

STATE=UNKNOWN on rac2

... ...

2. 對於offline 的程式，我們可以直接手動的啟動它

[root@rac2 bin]# ./crs_start ora.rac.orcl.rac1.srv

Attempting to start `ora.rac.orcl.rac1.srv` on member `rac1`

Start of `ora.rac.orcl.rac1.srv` on member `rac1` succeeded.

3. 對於UNKNOWN 的程式，我們可以先stop 它， 在start。

[root@rac2 bin]# ./crs_stop ora.rac2.gsd

Attempting to stop `ora.rac2.gsd` on member `rac2`

Stop of `ora.rac2.gsd` on member `rac2` succeeded.

[root@rac2 bin]# ./crs_start ora.rac2.gsd

Attempting to start `ora.rac2.gsd` on member `rac2`

Start of `ora.rac2.gsd` on member `rac2` succeeded.

4. 如果crs_stop不能結束,crs_start 不能啟動的程式，我們有2中方法來解決：

4.1）是用crs_stop -f 引數把crs中狀態是UNKNOWN的服務關掉，然後再用crs_start -f （加一個-f的引數）啟動所有的服務就可以。要分別在兩個節點上執行；

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ crs_start -f ora.ora9i.ora9i2.inst

Attempting to start `ora.ora9i.ora9i2.inst` on member `rac2`

Start of `ora.ora9i.ora9i2.inst` on member `rac2` succeeded.

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ crs_stop -f ora.ora9i.db

Attempting to stop `ora.ora9i.db` on member `rac2`

Stop of `ora.ora9i.db` on member `rac2` succeeded.

4.2）轉換到root使用者下用/etc/init.d/init.crs stop先禁用crs，然後再用/etc/init.d/init.crs start去啟用crs，啟用crs後會自動啟動crs的一系列服務，注意此種方法需要在兩臺節點上都執行；

5. 可以用命令一次啟動和關閉相關程式

[root@rac2 bin]# ./crs_stop -all

[root@rac2 bin]# ./crs_start -all

三． 手動啟動RAC

一般情況下每次節點啟動的時候,所有服務都會自動啟動,如果需要關閉或者啟動某個節點,如下所示

停止RAC：

emctl stop dbconsole

srvctl stop instance -d raw -i raw1

srvctl stop instance -d raw -i raw2

srvctl stop asm -n raw1

srvctl stop asm -n raw2

srvctl stop nodeapps -n raw1

srvctl stop nodeapps -n raw2

啟動RAC：

和上面的步驟正好相反即

srvctl start nodeapps -n raw1

srvctl start nodeapps -n raw2

srvctl start asm -n raw1

srvctl start asm -n raw2

srvctl start instance -d raw -i raw2

srvctl start instance -d orcl -i raw1

emctl start dbconsole

使用 SRVCTL 啟動/停止所有例項及其啟用的服務。

srvctl start database -d orcl

srvctl stop database -d orcl

注：CRS Resource 包括GSD(Global Serveice Daemon),ONS(Oracle Notification Service),VIP, Database, Instance 和 Service. 這些資源被分成2類：

GSD，ONS,VIP 和 Listener 屬於Noteapps類

Database，Instance 和Service 屬於 Database-Related Resource 類。

有關Oracle RAC 的概念，請參考我的blog：

RAC 的一些概念性和原理性的知識

http://space.itpub.net/28673746/viewspace-758726 

示例：

[root@raw1 bin]# ./crs_stat -t

Name Type Target State Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora.raw.db application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora.raw.raw.cs application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora....aw1.srv application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora....aw2.srv application ONLINE ONLINE raw2

ora....w1.inst application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora....w2.inst application ONLINE ONLINE raw2

ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora....W1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora.raw1.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora.raw1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora.raw1.vip application ONLINE ONLINE raw1

ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE raw2

ora....W2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE raw2

ora.raw2.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE raw2

ora.raw2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE raw2

ora.raw2.vip application ONLINE ONLINE raw2

[oracle@raw1 ~]$ emctl stop dbconsole

TZ set to PRC

Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control Release 10.2.0.1.0

Copyright (c) 1996, 2005 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

http://raw1:1158/em/console/aboutApplication

Stopping Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control ...

... Stopped.

[oracle@raw1 ~]$ srvctl stop instance -d raw -i raw1

[oracle@raw1 ~]$ srvctl stop instance -d raw -i raw2

[oracle@raw1 ~]$ srvctl stop asm -n raw1

[oracle@raw1 ~]$ srvctl stop asm -n raw2

[oracle@raw1 ~]$ srvctl stop nodeapps -n raw1

[oracle@raw1 ~]$ srvctl stop nodeapps -n raw2

[oracle@raw1 bin]$ crs_stat -t

Name Type Target State Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora.raw.db application OFFLINE OFFLINE

Ora.raw.raw.cs application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora....aw1.srv application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora....aw2.srv application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora....w1.inst application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora....w2.inst application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora....SM1.asm application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora....W1.lsnr application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.raw1.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.raw1.ons application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.raw1.vip application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora....SM2.asm application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora....W2.lsnr application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.raw2.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.raw2.ons application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.raw2.vip application OFFLINE OFFLINE

四. 在啟動的過程中最好檢測著crs、ASM和資料庫的日誌：

crs日誌：

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs_1/log/rac1/alertrac1.log

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs_1/log/rac2/alertrac2.log

ASM日誌：

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM/bdump/alert_+ASM1.log

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM/bdump/alert_+ASM2.log

資料庫日誌：

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/admin/ora9i/bdump/alert_ora9i1.log

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/admin/ora9i/bdump/alert_ora9i2.log

注：tail -f命令可用於監視另一個程式正在寫入的檔案的增長。

來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ，連結：http://blog.itpub.net/28673746/viewspace-758727/，如需轉載，請註明出處，否則將追究法律責任。