所有除引數檔案以外的檔案都丟失，但是隻有資料檔案的 RMAN 備份的恢復

昨天做一個實驗，結果把資料庫搞壞了，當試圖進行恢復時居然報了RMAN-06026錯誤。 回想一下，原來在嘗試恢復中使用了_allow_resetlogs_corruption引數，resetlogs之後，Oracle使用當前的控制檔案不允許從這個歷史備份集中進行恢復。
由於我沒有使用catalog，所以嘗試使用dbms_backup_restore進行恢復。

1.錯誤資訊
我們看到雖然list backup可以顯示備份集，但是無法進行恢復，錯誤為RMAN-06026，RMAN-06026。

[oracle@jumper oradata]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production

Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: CONNER (DBID=3152029224)

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 11-JUN-05

using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=11 devtype=DISK
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 06/11/2005 01:19:01
RMAN-06026: some targets not found - aborting restore
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 3 found to restore
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 2 found to restore
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 1 found to restore

RMAN> list backup;

List of Backup Sets
===================

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
13      Full    1G         DISK        00:03:20     09-JUN-05     
        BP Key: 13   Status: AVAILABLE   Tag: TAG20050609T173346
        Piece Name: /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/dbs/0ggmiabq_1_1
  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 08-JUN-05
  List of Datafiles in backup set 13
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  1       Full 240560269  09-JUN-05 /opt/oracle/oradata/conner/system01.dbf
  2       Full 240560269  09-JUN-05 /opt/oracle/oradata/conner/undotbs01.dbf
  3       Full 240560269  09-JUN-05 /opt/oracle/oradata/conner/users01.dbf

RMAN> exit

Recovery Manager complete.
 
 
2.使用dbms_backup_restore進行恢復
dbms_backup_restore是一個非常強大的package，可以在資料庫nomount下使用，用於從備份集中讀取各類檔案。
本例使用如下指令碼:
DECLARE
 devtype varchar2(256);
 done boolean;
 BEGIN
 devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate (type=>'',ident=>'t1');
 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>01,toname=>'/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/system01.dbf');
 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>02,toname=>'/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/undotbs01.dbf');
 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>03,toname=>'/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/users01.dbf');
 sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/dbs/0ggmiabq_1_1', params=>null);
 sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
END;
/
 

3.執行恢復
[oracle@jumper conner]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat Jun 11 01:24:34 2005

Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  101782828 bytes
Fixed Size                   451884 bytes
Variable Size              37748736 bytes
Database Buffers           62914560 bytes
Redo Buffers                 667648 bytes

SQL> DECLARE
  2   devtype varchar2(256);
  3   done boolean;
  4   BEGIN
  5   devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate (type=>'',ident=>'t1');
  6   sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;
  7   sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>01,toname=>'/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/system01.dbf');
  8   sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>02,toname=>'/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/undotbs01.dbf');
  9   sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>03,toname=>'/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/users01.dbf');
 10   sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'/opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/dbs/0ggmiabq_1_1',

params=>null);
 11   sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;
 12  END;
 13  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL>
 

至此，從備份集中讀取檔案完畢。

4.恢復控制檔案

由於大意，也沒有備份控制檔案，所以只好重建控制檔案。

SQL> alter database mount;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace;

Database altered.
 
找到trace檔案，編輯、執行重建控制檔案需要部分:

[oracle@jumper oracle]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat Jun 11 01:30:50 2005

Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning option
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production

    
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01109: database not open

Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  101782828 bytes
Fixed Size                   451884 bytes
Variable Size              37748736 bytes
Database Buffers           62914560 bytes
Redo Buffers                 667648 bytes
SQL> set echo on
SQL> @ctl
SQL>
SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "CONNER" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
  2  --  SET STANDBY TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
  3      MAXLOGFILES 5
  4      MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
  5      MAXDATAFILES 100
  6      MAXINSTANCES 1
  7      MAXLOGHISTORY 1361
  8  LOGFILE
  9    GROUP 1 '/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/redo01.log'  SIZE 10M,
 10    GROUP 2 '/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/redo02.log'  SIZE 10M,
 11    GROUP 3 '/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/redo03.log'  SIZE 10M
 12  -- STANDBY LOGFILE
 13  DATAFILE
 14    '/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/system01.dbf',
 15    '/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/undotbs01.dbf',
 16    '/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/users01.dbf'
 17  CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
 18  ;

Control file created.
 
 
5.執行恢復
SQL> recover database;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-01610: recovery using the BACKUP CONTROLFILE option must be done

SQL> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
ORA-00279: change 240560269 generated at 06/09/2005 17:33:48 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /opt/oracle/oradata/conner/archive/1_7.dbf
ORA-00280: change 240560269 for thread 1 is in sequence #7

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

auto
ORA-00279: change 240600632 generated at 06/10/2005 10:42:26 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /opt/oracle/oradata/conner/archive/1_8.dbf
ORA-00280: change 240600632 for thread 1 is in sequence #8
ORA-00278: log file '/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/archive/1_7.dbf' no longer needed for this recovery

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
auto
ORA-00279: change 240620884 generated at 06/10/2005 10:45:42 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /opt/oracle/oradata/conner/archive/1_9.dbf
ORA-00280: change 240620884 for thread 1 is in sequence #9
ORA-00278: log file '/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/archive/1_8.dbf' no longer needed for this recovery

ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [3020], [4242465], [1], [9], [314], [272], [], []
ORA-10567: Redo is inconsistent with data block (file# 1, block# 48161)
ORA-10564: tablespace SYSTEM
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/system01.dbf'
ORA-10560: block type 'DATA SEGMENT HEADER - UNLIMITED'

ORA-01112: media recovery not started

SQL> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
ORA-00279: change 240620949 generated at 06/10/2005 10:45:44 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /opt/oracle/oradata/conner/archive/1_9.dbf
ORA-00280: change 240620949 for thread 1 is in sequence #9

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel
Media recovery cancelled.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/conner/users01.dbf

SQL>
 

至此恢復完畢。

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