藍芽基礎知識
藍芽庫
當前iOS中的藍芽開發使用的都是系統自帶的藍芽庫<CoreBluetooth/CoreBluetooth.h>
藍芽裝置版本要求
藍芽裝置必須是4.0或者以上
CoreBluetooth框架的核心
CoreBluetooth框架中的核心是peripheral和central, 它們分別表示外設和中心,裝置上可以認為手機就是中心, 藍芽裝置就是外設
服務和特徵
藍芽裝置它有若干個服務service,每個服務裡面有包含若干個特徵characteristic,特徵就是提供資料的地方
外設, 服務, 特徵間的關係
CoreBluetooth框架的架構
連線藍芽的具體實現
實現流程
1.建立中心角色
2.掃描外設
3.連線外設
4.獲取外設中的服務和特徵
5.與外設做互動
實現步驟
1.匯入CoreBluetooth標頭檔案,新增代理,建立中心角色
#import <CoreBluetooth/CoreBluetooth.h>
@interface ViewController : UIViewController<CBCentralManagerDelegate,CBPeripheralDelegate>
@property (strong, nonatomic) CBCentralManager *centralManager; //藍芽管理者
@property(strong,nonatomic)CBPeripheral *peripheral; //儲存匹配成功的外設
-(void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
//初始化,最後一個執行緒引數可以為nil,預設是main執行緒
self.centralManager = [[CBCentralManager alloc] initWithDelegate:self queue:dispatch_get_main_queue()];
}
複製程式碼2.掃描外設
/*
1.初始化成功會自動呼叫
2.必須實現的代理,返回centralManager的狀態
3.只有在狀態為CBManagerStatePoweredOn的情況下才可以開始掃描外設
*/
-(void)centralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBCentralManager *)central {
switch (central.state) {
case CBManagerStateUnknown:
NSLog(@">>>未知");
break;
case CBManagerStateResetting:
NSLog(@">>>重置");
break;
case CBManagerStateUnsupported:
NSLog(@">>>裝置不支援");
break;
case CBManagerStateUnauthorized:
NSLog(@">>>裝置未授權");
break;
case CBManagerStatePoweredOff:
{
NSLog(@">>>裝置關閉");
self.bleStatusBlock(NO);
}
break;
case CBManagerStatePoweredOn:
{
NSLog(@">>>裝置開啟");
//開始掃描外設, 然後會進入didDiscoverPeripheral方法
/*
1. 兩個引數為nil表示預設掃描所有可見的藍芽裝置
2. 第一個引數用來設定掃描有指定服務的外設
3. 第二個引數用來設定是否重複掃描已經發現的裝置
NSDictionary *options = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:CBCentralManagerScanOptionAllowDuplicatesKey];
Bool值為Yes,表示重複掃描, 反之表示不會重複掃描
*/
[self.centralManager scanForPeripheralsWithServices:nil options:nil];
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
複製程式碼連線外設
//掃描到的裝置可以在這個方法裡面列印
-(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDiscoverPeripheral:(nonnull CBPeripheral *)peripheral advertisementData:(nonnull NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)advertisementData RSSI:(nonnull NSNumber *)RSSI {
NSLog(@">>>advertisementData :%@ name :%@ ",advertisementData,peripheral.name);
//有些產品是根據Mac地址來進行配對, 在這裡我們就可以拿到,具體什麼規則, 根據各個藍芽裝置來定
NSData *data = [advertisementData objectForKey:@"kCBAdvDataManufacturerData"];
//解析
//.....
if(自己的判斷) {
//找到的裝置必須持有它，否則CBCentralManager中也不會儲存peripheral，那麼CBPeripheralDelegate中的方法也不會被呼叫！！
self.peripheral = peripheral;
//停止掃描
[self.centralManager stopScan];
//連線外設
[_centralManager connectPeripheral:peripheral options:nil];
}
}
//連線到Peripherals-成功
- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral
{
NSLog(@">>>連線到名稱為（%@）的裝置-成功",peripheral.name);
}
//連線到Peripherals-失敗
-(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didFailToConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error
{
NSLog(@">>>連線到名稱為（%@）的裝置-失敗,原因:%@",[peripheral name],[error localizedDescription]);
}
//Peripherals斷開連線
- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDisconnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error
{
NSLog(@">>>外設連線斷開連線 %@: %@\n", [peripheral name], [error localizedDescription]);
}
複製程式碼獲取外設中的服務和特徵
//連線外設成功
-(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral {
NSLog(@">>>連線到名稱為（%@）的裝置-成功",peripheral.name);
peripheral.delegate=self;//這個方法呼叫發現服務協議
[peripheral discoverServices:nil];
}
//掃描到服務
-(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverServices:(NSError *)error {
NSLog(@">>>掃描到服務：%@",peripheral.services);
if (error) {
NSLog(@">>>Discovered services for %@ with error: %@", peripheral.name, [error localizedDescription]);
return;
}
for (CBService *service in [peripheral services]){
[peripheral discoverCharacteristics:nil forService:service];
}
}
//掃描到特徵
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error {
if (error) {
NSLog(@"error Discovered characteristics for %@ with error: %@", service.UUID, [error localizedDescription]);
return;
}
for (CBCharacteristic *characteristic in service.characteristics) {
NSLog(@">>>服務:%@ 的 特徵: %@",service.UUID,characteristic.UUID);
//篩選你需要的UUID,進行連線
if ([characteristic.UUID isEqual:yourUUID) {
訂閱,實時接收
[peripheral setNotifyValue:YES forCharacteristic:characteristic];
}
}
}
複製程式碼讀取資料
//獲取指定特性的資料
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error
{
//接收藍芽發來的資料
NSLog(@"characteristic uuid:%@ value:%@",characteristic.UUID,characteristic.value);
}
複製程式碼寫入資料
//寫入資料
-(void)writeData {
[self.peripheral writeValue:data forCharacteristic:self.characteristic type:CBCharacteristicWriteWithResponse];
}
//寫入資料的回撥
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didWriteValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(nullable NSError *)error
{
if (error) {
NSLog(@"error Discovered characteristics for %@ with error: %@", characteristic.UUID, [error localizedDescription]);
return;
}
NSLog(@"characteristic uuid:%@ value:%@",characteristic.UUID,characteristic.value);
}
複製程式碼斷開連線
- (void)disConnect{
[self.centralManager cancelPeripheralConnection:self.peripheral];
}
複製程式碼