OCM實驗-測試環境的搭建

環境是使用vmware搭建的虛擬機器
作業系統 OHEL5.9 32bit
CPU 1顆
記憶體 3G
磁碟 50G

一配置本地yum環境
掛載光碟機
[root@ocm1 ~]# mkdir /media/disk
[root@ocm1 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/disk
配置yum，在/etc/yum.repos.d路徑下的其他repo檔案全部刪除
[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# rm -f public-yum-el5.repo
重新編輯repo檔案
vi localyum.repo
將下面內容新增到localyum.repo檔案中
[localyum]
Name=Enterprise Linux 5.9 DVD
Baseurl=file:///media/disk/Server/
Gpgcheck=0
Enabled=1

二使用oracle-validated包來配置oracle搭建所需的系統環境。
這個是oracle linux特有的包，減少大家在搭建oracle時安裝各種系統包，調整系統引數，建使用者和組等
下面是安裝oracle-validated的過程。
[root@ocm1 ~]# yum install oracle-validated
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with ULN.
You can use up2date --register to register.
ULN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--&gt Running transaction check
---&gt Package oracle-validated.i386 0:1.1.0-17.el5 set to be updated
--&gt Processing Dependency: libaio-devel for package: oracle-validated
--&gt Processing Dependency: libXp for package: oracle-validated
--&gt Processing Dependency: elfutils-libelf-devel for package: oracle-validated
--&gt Processing Dependency: libstdc++-devel for package: oracle-validated
--&gt Processing Dependency: unixODBC-devel for package: oracle-validated
--&gt Processing Dependency: glibc-devel for package: oracle-validated
--&gt Processing Dependency: sysstat for package: oracle-validated
--&gt Processing Dependency: unixODBC for package: oracle-validated
--&gt Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: oracle-validated
--&gt Processing Dependency: gcc-c++ for package: oracle-validated
--&gt Processing Dependency: gcc for package: oracle-validated
--&gt Running transaction check
---&gt Package elfutils-libelf-devel.i386 0:0.137-3.el5 set to be updated
--&gt Processing Dependency: elfutils-libelf-devel-static-i386 = 0.137-3.el5 for package: elfutils-libelf-devel
---&gt Package gcc.i386 0:4.1.2-54.el5 set to be updated
---&gt Package gcc-c++.i386 0:4.1.2-54.el5 set to be updated
---&gt Package glibc-devel.i386 0:2.5-107 set to be updated
---&gt Package glibc-headers.i386 0:2.5-107 set to be updated
--&gt Processing Dependency: kernel-headers >= 2.2.1 for package: glibc-headers
--&gt Processing Dependency: kernel-headers for package: glibc-headers
---&gt Package libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5 set to be updated
---&gt Package libaio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-5 set to be updated
---&gt Package libstdc++-devel.i386 0:4.1.2-54.el5 set to be updated
localyum/filelists | 2.7 MB 00:00
---&gt Package sysstat.i386 0:7.0.2-12.0.1.el5 set to be updated
---&gt Package unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5 set to be updated
--&gt Processing Dependency: unixODBC-libs = 2.2.11-10.el5 for package: unixODBC
--&gt Processing Dependency: libodbc.so.1 for package: unixODBC
--&gt Processing Dependency: libodbcinst.so.1 for package: unixODBC
---&gt Package unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5 set to be updated
--&gt Running transaction check
---&gt Package elfutils-libelf-devel-static.i386 0:0.137-3.el5 set to be updated
---&gt Package kernel-headers.i386 0:2.6.18-348.el5 set to be updated
---&gt Package unixODBC-libs.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5 set to be updated
--&gt Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

============================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
============================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
oracle-validated i386 1.1.0-17.el5 localyum 19 k
Installing for dependencies:
elfutils-libelf-devel i386 0.137-3.el5 localyum 24 k
elfutils-libelf-devel-static i386 0.137-3.el5 localyum 66 k
gcc i386 4.1.2-54.el5 localyum 5.2 M
gcc-c++ i386 4.1.2-54.el5 localyum 3.4 M
glibc-devel i386 2.5-107 localyum 2.1 M
glibc-headers i386 2.5-107 localyum 610 k
kernel-headers i386 2.6.18-348.el5 localyum 1.4 M
libXp i386 1.0.0-8.1.el5 localyum 22 k
libaio-devel i386 0.3.106-5 localyum 12 k
libstdc++-devel i386 4.1.2-54.el5 localyum 2.8 M
sysstat i386 7.0.2-12.0.1.el5 localyum 183 k
unixODBC i386 2.2.11-10.el5 localyum 290 k
unixODBC-devel i386 2.2.11-10.el5 localyum 738 k
unixODBC-libs i386 2.2.11-10.el5 localyum 551 k

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================================
Install 15 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)

Total download size: 17 M
Is this ok [y/N]: #這裡選擇y，進行安裝
Downloading Packages:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1.2 GB/s | 17 MB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : unixODBC-libs 1/15
Installing : unixODBC 2/15
Installing : libXp 3/15
Installing : sysstat 4/15
Installing : libstdc++-devel 5/15
Installing : unixODBC-devel 6/15
Installing : libaio-devel 7/15
Installing : kernel-headers 8/15
Installing : glibc-headers 9/15
Installing : glibc-devel 10/15
Installing : gcc 11/15
Installing : gcc-c++ 12/15
Installing : elfutils-libelf-devel 13/15
Installing : oracle-validated 14/15
Installing : elfutils-libelf-devel-static 15/15

Installed:
oracle-validated.i386 0:1.1.0-17.el5

Dependency Installed:
elfutils-libelf-devel.i386 0:0.137-3.el5 elfutils-libelf-devel-static.i386 0:0.137-3.el5 gcc.i386 0:4.1.2-54.el5
gcc-c++.i386 0:4.1.2-54.el5 glibc-devel.i386 0:2.5-107 glibc-headers.i386 0:2.5-107
kernel-headers.i386 0:2.6.18-348.el5 libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5 libaio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-5
libstdc++-devel.i386 0:4.1.2-54.el5 sysstat.i386 0:7.0.2-12.0.1.el5 unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5
unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5 unixODBC-libs.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5
#這裡列出了安裝的系統包。
Complete!

接下來，要看看oracle-validated都為我們做了什麼
1 系統包，下面是11g在linux5下安裝所需的系統包，使用rpm -q 檢查只有ksh包沒有安裝，在11g安裝過程中可能會遇到ksh的問題，在10g還沒有遇到過。
binutils-2.17.50.0.6
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3
elfutils-libelf-0.125
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125
elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.125
gcc-4.1.2
gcc-c++-4.1.2
glibc-2.5-24
glibc-common-2.5
glibc-devel-2.5
glibc-headers-2.5
kernel-headers-2.6.18
ksh-20060214
libaio-0.3.106
libaio-devel-0.3.106
libgcc-4.1.2
libgomp-4.1.2
libstdc++-4.1.2
libstdc++-devel-4.1.2
make-3.81
sysstat-7.0.2

2 檢查系統引數
檢查/etc/sysctl.conf 檔案，下面列出的是對11g的系統引數
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
下面的是oracle-validated修改的，基本上是符合對11g的安裝要求的。
fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 142
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

3 檢查使用者和組資訊
[root@ocm1 ~]# id oracle
uid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba)

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ cat .bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
這裡環境變數需要配置

三安裝資料庫軟體

配置oracle使用者的環境變數
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

更改/u01目錄的屬組
[root@ocm1 /]# chown -R oracle:oinstall u01

設定oracle使用者密碼
[root@ocm1 oracle]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

解壓安裝包
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ unzip 10201_database_linux32.zip

編輯rsp檔案，我這裡無法啟動圖形介面，所以只能靜默方式安裝
[oracle@ocm1 response]$ cp enterprise.rsp ../init.rsp
編輯vi init.rsp檔案修改如下內容
UNIX_GROUP_NAME="oinstall"
FROM_LOCATION="../stage/products.xml"
ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1"
ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDbHome1"
s_nameForDBAGrp="dba"
s_nameForOPERGrp="dba"
n_configurationOption=3 #只安裝軟體

注意：安裝前一定要確認防火牆是關閉的。

使用靜默方式安裝
./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs -force -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/init.rsp

[oracle@ocm1 database]$ ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs -force -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/init.rsp
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking installer requirements...
Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2
Passed
All installer requirements met.
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2013-12-23_09-10-53PM. Please wait ...[oracle@ocm1 database]$ Oracle Universal Installer, Version 10.2.0.1.0 Production
Copyright (C) 1999, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
You can find a log of this install session at:
/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2013-12-23_09-10-53PM.log
.................................................................................................... 100% Done.
Loading Product Information
................................................................................................................... 100% Done.
Analyzing dependencies
.........................................................................
Starting execution of Prerequisites...
Total No of checks: 11
Performing check for CertifiedVersions
Checking operating system requirements ...
Expected result: One of redhat-3,redhat-4,SuSE-9,asianux-1,asianux-2
Actual Result: redhat-4
Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed
Check complete: Passed
=======================================================================
Performing check for Packages
Checking operating system package requirements ...
Checking for make-3.79; found make-1:3.81-3.el5. Passed
Checking for binutils-2.14; found binutils-2.17.50.0.6-20.el5_8.3. Passed
Checking for gcc-3.2; found gcc-4.1.2-54.el5. Passed
Checking for libaio-0.3.96; found libaio-0.3.106-5. Passed
Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed
Check complete: Passed
=======================================================================
Performing check for Kernel
Checking kernel parameters
Checking for semmsl=250; found semmsl=250. Passed
Checking for semmns=32000; found semmns=32000. Passed
Checking for semopm=100; found semopm=100. Passed
Checking for semmni=128; found semmni=142. Passed
Checking for shmmax=536870912; found shmmax=4294967295. Passed
Checking for shmmni=4096; found shmmni=4096. Passed
Checking for shmall=2097152; found shmall=1073741824. Passed
Checking for file-max=65536; found file-max=6815744. Passed
Checking for VERSION=2.6.9; found VERSION=2.6.39-300.26.1.el5uek. Passed
Checking for ip_local_port_range=1024 - 65000; found ip_local_port_range=9000 - 65500. Failed <<<<
Checking for rmem_default=262144; found rmem_default=262144. Passed
Checking for rmem_max=262144; found rmem_max=4194304. Passed
Checking for wmem_default=262144; found wmem_default=262144. Passed
Checking for wmem_max=262144; found wmem_max=1048576. Passed
Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Failed <<<<
Check complete: Failed <<<<
Problem: The kernel parameters do not meet the minimum requirements (see above).
Recommendation: Perform operating system specific instructions to update the kernel parameters.
=======================================================================
Performing check for GLIBC
Checking Recommended glibc version
Expected result: ATLEAST=2.3.2-95.27
Actual Result: 2.5-107
Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed
Check complete: Passed
=======================================================================
Performing check for TotalMemory
Checking physical memory requirements ...
Expected result: 922MB
Actual Result: 3056MB
Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed
Check complete: Passed
=======================================================================
Performing check for SwapSpace
Checking available swap space requirements ...
Expected result: 3056MB
Actual Result: 8236MB
Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed
Check complete: Passed
=======================================================================
Performing check for DetectIfDHCPAssignedIP
Checking Network Configuration requirements ...
Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed
Check complete: Passed
=======================================================================
Performing check for OracleBase
Validating ORACLE_BASE location (if set) ...
Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed
Check complete: Passed
=======================================================================
Performing check for OracleHomeSpace
Checking Oracle Home path for spaces...
Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed
Check complete: Passed
=======================================================================
Performing check for DetectAnyInvalidASMHome
Checking for proper system clean-up....
Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed
Check complete: Passed
=======================================================================
Performing check for CompatibilityChecks
Checking for Oracle Home incompatibilities ....
Actual Result: NEW_HOME
Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Passed
Check complete: Passed
=======================================================================
PrereqChecks complete
.......................................... 100% Done.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Summary
Global Settings
Source: /home/oracle/database/stage/products.xml
Oracle Home: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 (OraDbHome1)
Installation Type: Enterprise Edition
Product Languages
English
Space Requirements
/u01/ Required 1.26GB : Available 13.26GB
/ Required 108MB (only as temporary space) : Available 6.92GB
New Installations (107 products)
Oracle Database 10g 10.2.0.1.0
Enterprise Edition Options 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Partitioning 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Spatial 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle OLAP 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Enterprise Manager Console DB 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Net Services 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Database 10g 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Net Listener 10.2.0.1.0
HAS Files for DB 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Internet Directory Client 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Call Interface (OCI) 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Programmer 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle interMedia 10.2.0.1.0
Enterprise Manager Agent Core 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle JVM 10.2.0.1.0
Database Configuration and Upgrade Assistants 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle interMedia Locator 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle XML Development Kit 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Text 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Database Utilities 10.2.0.1.0
Generic Connectivity Common Files 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Advanced Security 10.2.0.1.0
Enterprise Manager Repository Core 10.2.0.1.0
PL/SQL 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Net 10.2.0.1.0
Assistant Common Files 10.2.0.1.0
Enterprise Manager plugin Common Files 10.2.0.1.0 Beta
Buildtools Common Files 10.2.0.1.0
Installation Common Files 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle LDAP administration 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Java Client 10.2.0.1.0
Precompiler Common Files 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Recovery Manager 10.2.0.1.0
SQL*Plus 10.2.0.1.0
iSQL*Plus 10.2.0.1.0
Enterprise Manager plugin Common Files 10.2.0.1.0
HAS Common Files 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Clusterware RDBMS Files 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Wallet Manager 10.2.0.1.0
Enterprise Manager Minimal Integration 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Database User Interface 2.2.13.0.0
Secure Socket Layer 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle ODBC Driver 10.2.0.1.0
Required Support Files 10.2.0.1.0
Database SQL Scripts 10.2.0.1.0
OLAP SQL Scripts 10.2.0.1.0
PL/SQL Embedded Gateway 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Globalization Support 10.2.0.1.0
Character Set Migration Utility 10.2.0.1.0
LDAP Required Support Files 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Help for the Web 1.1.10.0.0
Oracle JDBC Thin Driver for JDK 1.4 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle JDBC Thin Driver for JDK 1.2 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle interMedia Client Option 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Notification Service 10.1.0.3.0
Oracle Code Editor 1.2.1.0.0I
Perl Interpreter 5.8.3.0.2
JDBC Common Files 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Locale Builder 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Containers for Java 10.2.0.1.0
Database Workspace Manager 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Core Required Support Files 10.2.0.1.0
Platform Required Support Files 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle interMedia Locator RDBMS Files 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle JDBC/OCI Instant Client 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle interMedia Annotator 10.2.0.1.0
SQLJ Runtime 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle interMedia Java Advanced Imaging 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Database 10g interMedia Files 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Data Mining RDBMS Files 10.2.0.1.0
Enterprise Manager Baseline 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Help For Java 4.2.6.1.0
Oracle UIX 2.1.22.0.0
XML Parser for Java 10.2.0.1.0
Precompiler Required Support Files 10.2.0.1.0
XML Parser for Oracle JVM 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Message Gateway Common Files 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Starter Database 10.2.0.1.0
Sample Schema Data 10.2.0.1.0
Parser Generator Required Support Files 10.2.0.1.0
Agent Required Support Files 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle RAC Required Support Files-HAS 10.2.0.1.0
RDBMS Required Support Files 10.2.0.1.0
RDBMS Required Support Files for Instant Client 10.2.0.1.0
XDK Required Support Files 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle OLAP API 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle OLAP RDBMS Files 10.2.0.1.0
DBJAVA Required Support Files 10.2.0.1.0
SQL*Plus Required Support Files 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle JFC Extended Windowing Toolkit 4.2.33.0.0
Oracle Ice Browser 5.2.3.6.0
Oracle Display Fonts 9.0.2.0.0
Oracle Extended Windowing Toolkit 3.4.38.0.0
Enterprise Manager Common Files 10.2.0.1.0
Enterprise Manager Agent DB 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Net Required Support Files 10.2.0.1.0
Enterprise Manager Repository DB 10.2.0.1.0
SSL Required Support Files for InstantClient 10.2.0.1.0
regexp 2.1.9.0.0
Bali Share 1.1.18.0.0
Oracle Universal Installer 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle One-Off Patch Installer 10.2.0.1.0
Installer SDK Component 10.2.0.1.0
Java Runtime Environment 1.4.2.8.0
Sun JDK 1.4.2.0.8
Sun JDK extensions 10.1.2.0.0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Installation in progress (Mon Dec 23 21:11:17 CST 2013)
............................................................... 18% Done.
............................................................... 36% Done.
............................................................... 54% Done.
............................................................... 73% Done.
............ 76% Done.
Install successful
Linking in progress (Mon Dec 23 21:12:51 CST 2013)
Link successful
Setup in progress (Mon Dec 23 21:14:19 CST 2013)
.............. 100% Done.
Setup successful
End of install phases.(Mon Dec 23 21:14:23 CST 2013)
WARNING:A new inventory has been created in this session. However, it has not yet been registered as the central inventory of this system.
To register the new inventory please run the script '/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh' with root privileges.
If you do not register the inventory, you may not be able to update or patch the products you installed.
The following configuration scripts
/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh
need to be executed as root for configuring the system. If you skip the execution of the configuration tools, the configuration will not be complete and the product wont function properly. In order to get the product to function properly, you will be required to execute the scripts and the configuration tools after exiting the OUI.
The installation of Oracle Database 10g was successful.
Please check '/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2013-12-23_09-10-53PM.log' for more details.
[oracle@ocm1 database]$

執行指令碼
[root@ocm1 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to 770.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete

[root@ocm1 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh
Running Oracle10 root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

測試一下，需要提前設定ORACLE_SID
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Dec 23 21:17:03 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL>

OCM實驗-測試環境的搭建

相關文章