Oracle 11g RMAN備份-基本操作

--rman連線目標資料庫

[oracle@S1011:/export/home/oracle]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 17:15:41 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: TESTDB11 (DBID=2578856066)

RMAN>

--執行例項管理命令

RMAN> shutdown immediate;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

database closed

database dismounted

Oracle instance shut down

RMAN> startup mount;

connected to target database (not started)

Oracle instance started

database mounted

Total System Global Area     855982080 bytes

Fixed Size                     2230792 bytes

Variable Size                641730040 bytes

Database Buffers             209715200 bytes

Redo Buffers                   2306048 bytes

RMAN> open database;

database opened

--執行SQL語句

RMAN> sql 'alter system switch logfile';

sql statement: alter system switch logfile

--檢視channel的配置

RMAN> show channel;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name TESTDB11 are:

RMAN configuration has no stored or default parameters

--配置2個rman通道

RMAN> configure channel 1 device type disk format '/pooldisk02/backup03/%U';

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE CHANNEL 1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/pooldisk02/backup03/%U';

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN> configure channel 2 device type disk format '/pooldisk02/backup04/%U';

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE CHANNEL 2 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/pooldisk02/backup04/%U';

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

--檢視配置的通道

RMAN> show channel;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name TESTDB11 are:

CONFIGURE CHANNEL 1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/pooldisk02/backup03/%U';

CONFIGURE CHANNEL 2 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/pooldisk02/backup04/%U';

--對users表空間進行備份

RMAN> backup tablespace users;

Starting backup at 13-AUG-13

configuration for DISK channel 2 is ignored

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=41 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00004 name=/oradata/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 13-AUG-13

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 13-AUG-13

piece handle=/pooldisk02/backup03/03oh77tu_1_1 tag=TAG20130813T174742 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 13-AUG-13

--為什麼只使用一個channel，這與當前的配置有關

RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name TESTDB11 are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE CHANNEL 1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/pooldisk02/backup03/%U';

CONFIGURE CHANNEL 2 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/pooldisk02/backup04/%U';

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default

CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_TestDB11.f'; # default

--重新配置磁碟裝置的備份並行度

RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 2 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 2 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

--再次對users表空間進行備份

RMAN> backup tablespace users;

Starting backup at 13-AUG-13

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=41 device type=DISK

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=42 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00004 name=/oradata/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 13-AUG-13

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 13-AUG-13

piece handle=/pooldisk02/backup03/04oh7891_1_1 tag=TAG20130813T175336 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 13-AUG-13

--手工分配channel

RMAN> run{

2> backup datafile 2 channel ORA_DISK_2;

3> backup datafile 4 channel ORA_DISK_1;

4> }

Starting backup at 13-AUG-13

using channel ORA_DISK_1

using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00002 name=/oradata/sysaux01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at 13-AUG-13

channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at 13-AUG-13

piece handle=/pooldisk02/backup04/05oh78g9_1_1 tag=TAG20130813T175729 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45

Finished backup at 13-AUG-13

Starting backup at 13-AUG-13

using channel ORA_DISK_1

using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00004 name=/oradata/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 13-AUG-13

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 13-AUG-13

piece handle=/pooldisk02/backup03/06oh78hm_1_1 tag=TAG20130813T175814 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 13-AUG-13

--臨時分配一個channel

RMAN> run

2> { allocate channel c1 device type disk format '/pooldisk02/backup05/%U';

3>   allocate channel c2 device type disk format '/pooldisk02/backup06/%U';

4>   backup datafile 3 channel c1;

5>   backup tablespace users channel c2;

6>   release channel c1;

7>   release channel c2;

8> }

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

released channel: ORA_DISK_2

allocated channel: c1

channel c1: SID=41 device type=DISK

allocated channel: c2

channel c2: SID=42 device type=DISK

Starting backup at 13-AUG-13

channel c1: starting full datafile backup set

channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00003 name=/oradata/undotbs01.dbf

channel c1: starting piece 1 at 13-AUG-13

channel c1: finished piece 1 at 13-AUG-13

piece handle=/pooldisk02/backup05/07oh792c_1_1 tag=TAG20130813T180708 comment=NONE

channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

Finished backup at 13-AUG-13

Starting backup at 13-AUG-13

channel c2: starting full datafile backup set

channel c2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00004 name=/oradata/users01.dbf

channel c2: starting piece 1 at 13-AUG-13

channel c2: finished piece 1 at 13-AUG-13

piece handle=/pooldisk02/backup06/08oh792j_1_1 tag=TAG20130813T180715 comment=NONE

channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 13-AUG-13

released channel: c1

released channel: c2

--檢視錶空間users的備份情況

RMAN> list backup of tablespace users;

List of Backup Sets

===================

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

1       Full    4.23M      DISK        00:00:01     13-AUG-13     

        BP Key: 1   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20130813T174742

        Piece Name: /pooldisk02/backup03/03oh77tu_1_1

  List of Datafiles in backup set 1

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----

  4       Full 2596084    13-AUG-13 /oradata/users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

2       Full    4.23M      DISK        00:00:00     13-AUG-13     

        BP Key: 2   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20130813T175336

        Piece Name: /pooldisk02/backup03/04oh7891_1_1

  List of Datafiles in backup set 2

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----

  4       Full 2596442    13-AUG-13 /oradata/users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

4       Full    4.23M      DISK        00:00:00     13-AUG-13     

        BP Key: 4   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20130813T175814

        Piece Name: /pooldisk02/backup03/06oh78hm_1_1

  List of Datafiles in backup set 4

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----

  4       Full 2596651    13-AUG-13 /oradata/users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

6       Full    4.23M      DISK        00:00:00     13-AUG-13     

        BP Key: 6   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20130813T180715

        Piece Name: /pooldisk02/backup06/08oh792j_1_1

  List of Datafiles in backup set 6

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----

  4       Full 2597212    13-AUG-13 /oradata/users01.dbf

--修改時間的顯示格式

[oracle@S1011:/export/home/oracle]$ export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'

RMAN> list backup of tablespace users;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Backup Sets

===================

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------

1       Full    4.23M      DISK        00:00:01     2013-08-13 17:47:43

        BP Key: 1   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20130813T174742

        Piece Name: /pooldisk02/backup03/03oh77tu_1_1

  List of Datafiles in backup set 1

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----

  4       Full 2596084    2013-08-13 17:47:43 /oradata/users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------

2       Full    4.23M      DISK        00:00:00     2013-08-13 17:53:37

        BP Key: 2   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20130813T175336

        Piece Name: /pooldisk02/backup03/04oh7891_1_1

  List of Datafiles in backup set 2

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----

  4       Full 2596442    2013-08-13 17:53:37 /oradata/users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------

4       Full    4.23M      DISK        00:00:00     2013-08-13 17:58:14

        BP Key: 4   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20130813T175814

        Piece Name: /pooldisk02/backup03/06oh78hm_1_1

  List of Datafiles in backup set 4

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----

  4       Full 2596651    2013-08-13 17:58:14 /oradata/users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------

6       Full    4.23M      DISK        00:00:00     2013-08-13 18:07:15

        BP Key: 6   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20130813T180715

        Piece Name: /pooldisk02/backup06/08oh792j_1_1

  List of Datafiles in backup set 6

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----

  4       Full 2597212    2013-08-13 18:07:15 /oradata/users01.dbf

--檢視引數配置

RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name TESTDB11 are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 2 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE CHANNEL 1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/pooldisk02/backup03/%U';

CONFIGURE CHANNEL 2 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/pooldisk02/backup04/%U';

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default

CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_TestDB11.f'; # default

--保留策略1，冗餘度（redundancy)

RMAN> show retention policy;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name TESTDB11 are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default

--檢視需要的備份

RMAN> report need backup;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command

RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1

Report of files with less than 1 redundant backups

File #bkps Name

---- ----- -----------------------------------------------------

1    0     /oradata/system01.dbf

5    0     /oradata/example01.dbf

6    0     /oradata/newts01.dbf

7    0     /oradata/fbtbs01.dbf

RMAN> backup datafile 7;

Starting backup at 2013-08-14 01:38:21

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=47 device type=DISK

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=52 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00007 name=/oradata/fbtbs01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2013-08-14 01:38:21

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2013-08-14 01:38:23

piece handle=/pooldisk02/backup03/09oh83gd_1_1 tag=TAG20130814T013821 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

Finished backup at 2013-08-14 01:38:23

RMAN> report need backup;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command

RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1

Report of files with less than 1 redundant backups

File #bkps Name

---- ----- -----------------------------------------------------

1    0     /oradata/system01.dbf

5    0     /oradata/example01.dbf

6    0     /oradata/newts01.dbf

--調整保留策略

RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN> report need backup;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command

RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 2

Report of files with less than 2 redundant backups

File #bkps Name

---- ----- -----------------------------------------------------

1    0     /oradata/system01.dbf

2    1     /oradata/sysaux01.dbf

3    1     /oradata/undotbs01.dbf

5    0     /oradata/example01.dbf

6    0     /oradata/newts01.dbf

7    1     /oradata/fbtbs01.dbf

--把檔案7再備份一次

RMAN> backup datafile 7;

Starting backup at 2013-08-14 01:41:06

using channel ORA_DISK_1

using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00007 name=/oradata/fbtbs01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2013-08-14 01:41:06

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2013-08-14 01:41:07

piece handle=/pooldisk02/backup03/0aoh83li_1_1 tag=TAG20130814T014106 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 2013-08-14 01:41:07

RMAN> report need backup;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command

RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 2

Report of files with less than 2 redundant backups

File #bkps Name

---- ----- -----------------------------------------------------

1    0     /oradata/system01.dbf

2    1     /oradata/sysaux01.dbf

3    1     /oradata/undotbs01.dbf

5    0     /oradata/example01.dbf

6    0     /oradata/newts01.dbf

--檢視過期的備份（根據備份策略來決定是否過期）

RMAN> report obsolete;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command

RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 2

Report of obsolete backups and copies

Type                 Key    Completion Time    Filename/Handle

-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------

Backup Set           1      2013-08-13 17:47:43

  Backup Piece       1      2013-08-13 17:47:43 /pooldisk02/backup03/03oh77tu_1_1

Backup Set           2      2013-08-13 17:53:37

  Backup Piece       2      2013-08-13 17:53:37 /pooldisk02/backup03/04oh7891_1_1

--修改回原來的保留策略

RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1;

old RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN> report obsolete;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command

RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1

Report of obsolete backups and copies

Type                 Key    Completion Time    Filename/Handle

-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------

Backup Set           1      2013-08-13 17:47:43

  Backup Piece       1      2013-08-13 17:47:43 /pooldisk02/backup03/03oh77tu_1_1

Backup Set           2      2013-08-13 17:53:37

  Backup Piece       2      2013-08-13 17:53:37 /pooldisk02/backup03/04oh7891_1_1

Backup Set           4      2013-08-13 17:58:14

  Backup Piece       4      2013-08-13 17:58:14 /pooldisk02/backup03/06oh78hm_1_1

Backup Set           7      2013-08-14 01:38:22

  Backup Piece       7      2013-08-14 01:38:22 /pooldisk02/backup03/09oh83gd_1_1

--保留策略2，恢復視窗，設定恢復視窗為7天

RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO recovery window of 7 days;

old RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1;

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

--清除現有引數的設定,使用預設值

RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY clear;

old RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;

RMAN configuration parameters are successfully reset to default value

--檢視當前設定

RMAN> show RETENTION POLICY;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name TESTDB11 are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default

--檢視當前的備份優化的設定,是指資料檔案、歸檔日誌、備份集如果存在相同的就不會再備份

RMAN> show backup optimization;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name TESTDB11 are:

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

--控制檔案自動備份,如果設定為off，則不會單獨地自動備份控制檔案和初始化引數檔案。

--但當備份集中包含1號資料檔案時，會在同一備份集中包含控制檔案和初始化引數檔案

RMAN> show CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name TESTDB11 are:

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default

--備份4號資料檔案，沒有備份控制檔案

RMAN> backup datafile 4;

Starting backup at 2013-08-14 02:07:27

using channel ORA_DISK_1

using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00004 name=/oradata/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2013-08-14 02:07:28

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2013-08-14 02:07:29

piece handle=/pooldisk02/backup03/0boh856v_1_1 tag=TAG20130814T020727 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

Finished backup at 2013-08-14 02:07:29

--備份1號檔案,包含控制檔案和初始化引數檔案

RMAN> backup datafile 1;

Starting backup at 2013-08-14 02:08:10

using channel ORA_DISK_1

using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=/oradata/system01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2013-08-14 02:08:10

channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2013-08-14 02:08:56

piece handle=/pooldisk02/backup03/0coh858a_1_1 tag=TAG20130814T020810 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:46

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current SPFILE in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2013-08-14 02:08:56

including current control file in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at 2013-08-14 02:08:56

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2013-08-14 02:08:57

piece handle=/pooldisk02/backup03/0eoh859o_1_1 tag=TAG20130814T020810 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at 2013-08-14 02:08:57

piece handle=/pooldisk02/backup04/0doh858b_1_1 tag=TAG20130814T020810 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 2013-08-14 02:08:57

--清除備份

RMAN> delete backup;

using channel ORA_DISK_1

using channel ORA_DISK_2

List of Backup Pieces

BP Key  BS Key  Pc# Cp# Status      Device Type Piece Name

------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------

1       1       1   1   AVAILABLE   DISK        /pooldisk02/backup03/03oh77tu_1_1

2       2       1   1   AVAILABLE   DISK        /pooldisk02/backup03/04oh7891_1_1

3       3       1   1   AVAILABLE   DISK        /pooldisk02/backup04/05oh78g9_1_1

4       4       1   1   AVAILABLE   DISK        /pooldisk02/backup03/06oh78hm_1_1

5       5       1   1   AVAILABLE   DISK        /pooldisk02/backup05/07oh792c_1_1

6       6       1   1   AVAILABLE   DISK        /pooldisk02/backup06/08oh792j_1_1

7       7       1   1   AVAILABLE   DISK        /pooldisk02/backup03/09oh83gd_1_1

8       8       1   1   AVAILABLE   DISK        /pooldisk02/backup03/0aoh83li_1_1

9       9       1   1   AVAILABLE   DISK        /pooldisk02/backup03/0boh856v_1_1

10      10      1   1   AVAILABLE   DISK        /pooldisk02/backup03/0coh858a_1_1

11      11      1   1   AVAILABLE   DISK        /pooldisk02/backup03/0eoh859o_1_1

12      12      1   1   AVAILABLE   DISK        /pooldisk02/backup04/0doh858b_1_1

--開啟控制檔案自動備份,會在單獨的備份集中建立控制檔案和初始化引數檔案的備份

RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP on;

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN> backup datafile 4;

Starting backup at 2013-08-14 02:12:00

using channel ORA_DISK_1

using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00004 name=/oradata/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2013-08-14 02:12:00

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2013-08-14 02:12:01

piece handle=/pooldisk02/backup03/0foh85fg_1_1 tag=TAG20130814T021200 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 2013-08-14 02:12:01

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2013-08-14 02:12:01

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TESTDB11/autobackup/2013_08_14/o1_mf_s_823399921_90pcg1ng_.bkp comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2013-08-14 02:12:02

--檢視備份的控制檔案的資訊

RMAN> list backup of controlfile;

List of Backup Sets

===================

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------

14      Full    9.67M      DISK        00:00:01     2013-08-14 02:12:02

        BP Key: 14   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20130814T021201

        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TESTDB11/autobackup/2013_08_14/o1_mf_s_823399921_90pcg1ng_.bkp

  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 2633674      Ckp time: 2013-08-14 02:12:01

--自動備份的控制檔案的格式

RMAN> show CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name TESTDB11 are:

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default

--檢視rman所有配置引數，一一加以解釋

RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name TESTDB11 are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 2 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE CHANNEL 1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/pooldisk02/backup03/%U';

CONFIGURE CHANNEL 2 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/pooldisk02/backup04/%U';

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default

CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_TestDB11.f'; # default

--rman備份可以分為映象拷貝和備份集2種

--1.備份拷貝

RMAN> backup as copy datafile 4;

Starting backup at 2013-08-14 02:35:19

using channel ORA_DISK_1

using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00004 name=/oradata/users01.dbf

output file name=/pooldisk02/backup03/data_D-TESTDB11_I-2578856066_TS-USERS_FNO-4_0hoh86r8 tag=TAG20130814T023519 RECID=3 STAMP=823401320

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 2013-08-14 02:35:21

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2013-08-14 02:35:21

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TESTDB11/autobackup/2013_08_14/o1_mf_s_823401321_90pdssjc_.bkp comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2013-08-14 02:35:22

--檢視已經產生的映象拷貝

RMAN> list copy of datafile 4;

List of Datafile Copies

=======================

Key     File S Completion Time     Ckp SCN    Ckp Time          

------- ---- - ------------------- ---------- -------------------

3       4    A 2013-08-14 02:35:20 2634778    2013-08-14 02:35:20

        Name: /pooldisk02/backup03/data_D-TESTDB11_I-2578856066_TS-USERS_FNO-4_0hoh86r8

        Tag: TAG20130814T023519

--映象拷貝保持原大小  

[root@S1011:/pooldisk02]# ls -lh /oradata/users01.dbf

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall    6.3M Aug 14 02:35 /oradata/users01.dbf

[root@S1011:/pooldisk02]# ls -lh ls -lh /pooldisk02/backup03/data_D-TESTDB11_I-2578856066_TS-USERS_FNO-4_0hoh86r8

ls: No such file or directory

-lh: No such file or directory

-rw-r-----   1 oracle   oinstall    6.3M Aug 14 02:35 /pooldisk02/backup03/data_D-TESTDB11_I-2578856066_TS-USERS_FNO-4_0hoh86r8

--映象拷貝也可以自己指定產生的位置和名稱

RMAN> copy datafile 4 to '/pooldisk02/backup01/user01.bak';

Starting backup at 2013-08-14 02:44:44

using channel ORA_DISK_1

using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00004 name=/oradata/users01.dbf

output file name=/pooldisk02/backup01/user01.bak tag=TAG20130814T024444 RECID=4 STAMP=823401885

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 2013-08-14 02:44:46

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2013-08-14 02:44:46

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TESTDB11/autobackup/2013_08_14/o1_mf_s_823401886_90pfcgf0_.bkp comment=NONE

Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2013-08-14 02:44:47

--重新將備份並行度設定為1

RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

old RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;