14.GUI 程式設計

1.GUI 程式設計簡介

GUI：圖形使用者介面
GUI 核心技術：Swing、Awt 類

• 介面不美觀
• 需要 jre 環境

為什麼要學習：

• 可以寫出一些小工具
• 工作時候，也可能需要維護到 Swing 介面，機率績效
• 瞭解 MVC 架構，瞭解監聽

2.AWT 類

2.1.Awt 介紹

包含了很多類和介面
元素：視窗、按鈕、文字框
java.awt 包

2.2.元件和容器

2.2.1.彈框

Frame：彈出一個框

import java.awt.*;

//GUI 的第一個介面
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Frame
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一個 Java 圖形介面視窗");
        //需要設定可見性
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //設定視窗大小
        frame.setSize(400, 400);
        //設定背景顏色
        frame.setBackground(new Color(126, 193, 129));
        //彈出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200, 200);
        //設定大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);
    }
}

彈出多個框：

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多個視窗
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.red);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.green);
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int id = 0;//可能存在多個視窗，我們需要一個計數器
    public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h,Color color){
        super("MyFrame" + (++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

2.2.2.皮膚-Panel

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

//Panel 皮膚，可以看成是一個空間，但是不能單獨存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //佈局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        //設定佈局
        frame.setLayout(null);
        //座標
        frame.setBounds(300, 300, 500, 500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(76, 185, 185));
        //Panel 設定座標，相對 frame
        panel.setBounds(50, 50, 400, 400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(250, 151, 151));
        //frame.add(panel)
        frame.add(panel);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //監聽事件，監聽視窗關閉事件 System.exit(0)
        //介面卡模式：
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //視窗點選關閉的時候需要做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //結束程式
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

2.2.3.佈局管理器

流式佈局-FlowLayout

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //元件-按鈕
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");
        //設定為流式佈局
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        //設定靠左
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        frame.setSize(200, 200);
        //把按鈕新增上去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

東西南北中-BorderLayout

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west= new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");
        frame.add(east, BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west, BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.setSize(200, 200);
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

表格佈局-GridLayout

import java.awt.*;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2= new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 2));//3行2列
        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);
        frame.pack();//將佈局自動選擇合適的佈局
        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
}

練習：

import java.awt.*;

public class ExDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //總 frame
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setSize(400, 300);
        frame.setLocation(300, 400);
//        frame.setBackground(Color.blue);
        frame.setVisible(true);

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        //4個皮膚
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 2));
        //上面皮膚
        p1.add(new Button("East-1"), BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("West-1"), BorderLayout.WEST);
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        p1.add(p2, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        //下面皮膚
        p3.add(new Button("East-2"), BorderLayout.EAST);
        p3.add(new Button("West-2"), BorderLayout.WEST);
        //中間4個
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("for-"+(i+1)));
        }
        p3.add(p4, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);
    }
}

2.3.事件監聽

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按鈕，觸發一些事情
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button();
        //因為 addActionListener() 需要一個 ActionListener，所以需要一個 ActionListener
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
        
        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();

        windowClose(frame);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
    //關閉窗體的事件
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
//事件監聽
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");
    }
}

多個按鈕共享一個事件：

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActionDemo2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //兩個按鈕，實現同一個監聽
        //開始  停止
        Frame frame = new Frame("開始-停止");
        Button start = new Button("start");
        Button stop = new Button("stop");

        //可以顯示地定義觸發會返回的命令，如果不顯示定義，則會走預設的值
        //可以多個按鈕只寫一個監聽類
        stop.setActionCommand("btn2-stop");
        MyListener myListener = new MyListener();
        start.addActionListener(myListener);
        stop.addActionListener(myListener);

        frame.add(start, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(stop,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}
class MyListener implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //e.getActionCommand()：獲得按鈕的資訊
        System.out.println("按鈕被點選了：msg=>"+e.getActionCommand());
    }
}

2.4.輸入框 TextField

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame();
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);
        //監聽這個文字框輸入的文字
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        //按下 Enter，就會觸發這個輸入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener);
        //設定替換編碼
        textField.setEchoChar('*');
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();//獲得一些資源，返回的一個物件
        System.out.println(field.getText());//獲得輸入框的文字
        field.setText("");//回車置空
    }
}

2.5.簡易計算器，組合+內部類

簡易計算器

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}
//計算器類
class Calculator extends Frame{
    public Calculator(){
        //3個文字框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//字元數
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);//字元數
        TextField num3 = new TextField(10);//字元數
        //1個按鈕
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1, num2, num3));
        //1個標籤
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //佈局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}
//監聽器類
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    //獲取三個變數
    private TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3){
        this.num1 = num1;
        this.num2 = num2;
        this.num3 = num3;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.獲取加數和被加數
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
        //2.加法運算後放到第三個框
        num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        //3.清除前兩個框
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}

完全物件導向改造

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}
//計算器類
class Calculator extends Frame{
    //屬性
    TextField num1, num2, num3;
    //方法
    public void loadFrame(){
        //3個文字框
        num1 = new TextField(10);//字元數
        num2 = new TextField(10);//字元數
        num3 = new TextField(10);//字元數
        //1個按鈕
        Button button = new Button("=");
        //1個標籤
        Label label = new Label("+");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));
        //佈局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}
//監聽器類
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    //獲取計算器這個物件，在一個類中組合另外一個類
    Calculator calculator = null;
    public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator){
        this.calculator = calculator;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.獲取加數和被加數
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
        //2.加法運算後放到第三個框
        calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        //3.清除前兩個框
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");
    }
}

改造為內部類

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}
//計算器類
class Calculator extends Frame{
    //屬性
    TextField num1, num2, num3;
    //方法
    public void loadFrame(){
        //3個文字框
        num1 = new TextField(10);//字元數
        num2 = new TextField(10);//字元數
        num3 = new TextField(10);//字元數
        //1個按鈕
        Button button = new Button("=");
        //1個標籤
        Label label = new Label("+");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());
        //佈局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
    //監聽器類
    //內部類最大的好處，就是可以暢通地訪問外部的屬性和方法
    private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //1.獲取加數和被加數
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
            //2.加法運算後放到第三個框
            num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
            //3.清除前兩個框
            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");
        }
    }
}

2.6.畫筆

畫圓

import java.awt.*;

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();
    }
}
class MyPaint extends Frame{
    public void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(200, 200, 600, 500);
        setVisible(true);
    }
    //畫筆
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //畫筆，需要有顏色，可以畫畫
        g.setColor(Color.red);
        //g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);//畫空心圓
        g.fillOval(100, 100, 100, 100);//實心圓
        //畫筆用完，將其還原到最初的顏色
        g.setColor(Color.black);//黑色
    }
}

2.7.滑鼠監聽

目的：實現滑鼠畫畫

滑鼠點選一次畫一個點

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("畫圖");
    }
}
//自己的類
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    //畫畫需要畫筆，需要監聽滑鼠當前的偽造，需要集合來儲存這個點
    ArrayList points;
    public MyFrame(String title){
        super(title);
        setBounds(200, 200, 400, 300);
        //存滑鼠點選的點
        points = new ArrayList<>();

        setVisible(true);
        //滑鼠監聽器，針對該視窗的
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //畫畫，監聽滑鼠的事件
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()){
            Point point = (Point) iterator.next();//指標指向下一個，返回當前的點
            g.setColor(Color.blue);
            g.fillOval(point.x, point.y, 10, 10);
        }
    }
    //新增一個點到介面上
    public void addPoint(Point point){
        points.add(point);
    }
    //介面卡模式
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
        //滑鼠 按下、彈起、按住不妨

        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame frame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
            //點選滑鼠的時候，就會在介面上產生一個點
            //這個點就是滑鼠的點
            frame.addPoint(new Point(e.getX(), e.getY()));
            //每次點選滑鼠都需要重新畫一遍
            frame.repaint();//重新整理
        }
    }
}

2.8.視窗監聽

常用兩種視窗監聽

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame(){
        setBackground(Color.blue);
        setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        setVisible(true);
        //匿名內部類
        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("視窗關閉");
                System.exit(0);
            }
            @Override
            public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                //視窗啟用
                WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
                source.setTitle("被啟用了");
                System.out.println("windowActivated");
            }
        });
    }
}

2.9.鍵盤監聽

點選檢視程式碼

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

    }
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame(){
        setBounds(1, 2, 300, 400);
        setVisible(true);
        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            //鍵盤按下
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //獲得鍵盤下的鍵是哪一個，當前的碼
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//不需要記錄該數值，直接使用靜態屬性：VK_xxx
                if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                    System.out.println("你按下了上建");
                }
                //根據按下不同操作，產生不同的結果
            }
        });
    }
}

3.Swing 類

3.1.視窗

視窗

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo {
    //init(); 初始化
    public void init(){
        //頂級視窗
        JFrame jf = new JFrame("這是一個JFrame視窗");
        jf.setVisible(true);
        jf.setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        //設定文字 JLabel
        JLabel label = new JLabel("Hello world");
        jf.add(label);
        //文字居中
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        //獲得容器
        Container contentPane = jf.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        //關閉事件
        jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一個視窗
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

3.2.彈窗

彈窗程式碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public DialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(700, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        //JFrame 放東西，容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //絕對佈局
        container.setLayout(null);
        //按鈕
        JButton button = new JButton("點選彈出一個對話方塊");//建立
        button.setBounds(30, 30, 200, 50);
        //點選這個按鈕的時候，彈窗
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //彈窗
                new MyDialogDemo();
            }
        });
        container.add(button);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
}
//彈窗的視窗
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
    public MyDialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
        //預設就有關閉事件
        //this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);
        container.add(new Label("彈窗標題"));
    }
}

3.3.標籤

label

new JLabel("xxx");

圖示ICON

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//圖示，需要實現類，Frame繼承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
    private int width;
    private int height;

    public IconDemo() {}

    public IconDemo(int width, int height) {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }
    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //圖示放在標籤，也可以放在按鈕上
        JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);
        this.pack();
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().init();
    }
    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x, y, width, height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

圖片ICON

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }

    public ImageIconDemo(){
        //獲取圖片的地址
        JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIconDemo");
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("text.jpg");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

3.4.皮膚

JPanel

皮膚操作

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1, 10, 10));//各個皮膚之間的間距：10
        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        container.add(panel1);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

JScrollPane

捲軸皮膚

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1, 10, 10));//各個皮膚之間的間距：10
        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        container.add(panel1);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

3.5.按鈕

3.5.1.圖片按鈕

點選檢視程式碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //將一個圖片變為圖示
        URL resource = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("tx.jpg");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);
        //把這個圖示放在按鈕上
        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(icon);
        button.setToolTipText("圖示按鈕");
        //add
        container.add(button);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo();
    }
}

3.5.2.單選按鈕

點選檢視程式碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JButtonDemo2 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo2(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //單選框
        JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton1");
        JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton2");
        JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton3");
        //設定只能選擇一個，分組
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(radioButton1);
        group.add(radioButton2);
        group.add(radioButton3);
        container.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo2();
    }
}

3.5.3.核取按鈕

點選檢視程式碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JButtonDemo3 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo3(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //多選框
        JCheckBox checkBox1 = new JCheckBox("checkBox1");
        JCheckBox checkBox2 = new JCheckBox("checkBox2");
        container.add(checkBox1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(checkBox2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo3();
    }
}

3.6.列表

3.6.1.下拉框

點選檢視程式碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();
        status.addItem(null);
        status.addItem("正在上映");
        status.addItem("已下架");
        status.addItem("即將上映");

        container.add(status);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo();
    }
}

3.6.2.列表框

點選檢視程式碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TestComboboxDemo2 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo2(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //生成列表內容
        //String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};//靜態寫死
        Vector contents = new Vector();
        //列表中需要放入內容
        JList jList = new JList(contents);
        //動態新增
        contents.add("zhangsan");
        contents.add("wangwu");
        contents.add("lisi");

        container.add(jList);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo2();
    }
}

3.6.3.應用場景

下拉框：選擇地區，或一些單個選項
列表：展示資訊，一般是動態擴容

3.7.文字框

3.7.1.文字框

點選檢視程式碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo1 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo1(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JTextField textField1 = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("world", 20);

        container.add(textField1,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        container.add(textField2,BorderLayout.NORTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo1();
    }
}

3.7.2.密碼框

點選檢視程式碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo2 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo2(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();
        passwordField.setEchoChar('*');

        container.add(passwordField);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo2();
    }
}

3.7.3.文字域

點選檢視程式碼

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo3 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo3(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文字域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 30);
        textArea.setText("這是預設字元");
        //Scroll皮膚
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        
        container.add(scrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo3();
    }
}

4.貪吃蛇小遊戲

幀：如果時間片足夠小，就是動畫，一秒30、60幀，拆開就是靜態的圖片
鍵盤監聽
定時器：Timer
圖片資源及原始碼：貪吃蛇程式碼