配置Linux+Nginx+PHP+MySQL執行環境

（1）刪除Linux系統預設安裝的web伺服器軟體包，如:httpd、mysql、php等，解除安裝可以用以下命令

[root@test.com~]#rpm -e httpd

[root@test.com~]#rpm -e php

[root@test.com~]#rpm -e mysql

（2）使用yum更新系統元件

[root@test.com~]#yum -y install yum-fastestmirror

[root@test.com~]#yum -y update

[root@test.com~]#yum -y install patch make gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 flex bison file

[root@test.com~]#yum -y install libtool libtool-libs autoconf kernel-devel

[root@test.com~]#yum -y install libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel libpng10 libpng10-devel gd gd-devel

[root@test.com~]#yum -y install freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel

[root@test.com~]#yum -y install glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libevent libevent-devel

[root@test.com~]#yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs

[root@test.com~]#yum -y install openssl openssl-devel vim-minimal nano sendmail

[root@test.com~]#yum -y install fonts-chinese gettext gettext-devel

[root@test.com~]#yum -y install ncurses-devel

[root@test.com~]#yum -y install gmp-devel pspell-devel

[root@test.com~]#yum -y install unzip

（3）準備安裝需要使用的軟體包，使用wget下載

>1.php-5.2.10

>2.php-5.2.10-fpm-0.5.13

>3.sohusin-patch-5.2.10-0.9.7.patch.gz

>4.PDO_MySQL-1.0.2

>5.memcache2.2.5

>6.Pcre7.9

>7.Nginx0.7.65

>8.MySQL5.1.44

>9.libiconv

>10.libmcrypt

>11.mhash

>12.mcrypt

Part 2.安裝
//install libiconv

[root@test.com~]#tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

[root@test.com~]#cd libiconv-1.13/

[root@test.com~]#./configure –prefix=/usr/local

[root@test.com~]#make && make install

[root@test.com~]#cd ../
//install libmcrypt

[code]

[root@test.com~]#tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

[root@test.com~]#cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

[root@test.com~]#./configure

[root@test.com~]#make && make install

[root@test.com~]#/sbin/ldconfig

[root@test.com~]#cd libltdl/

[root@test.com~]#./configure –enable-ltdl-install

[root@test.com~]#make && make install

[root@test.com~]#cd ../../

//install mhash

[root@test.com~]#tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

[root@test.com~]#cd mhash-0.9.9.9/

[root@test.com~]#./configure

[root@test.com~]#make && make install

[root@test.com~]#cd ../

//使用ln -s 命令給lib元件建立軟連線

[root@test.com~]#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la

[root@test.com~]#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so

[root@test.com~]#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4

[root@test.com~]#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

[root@test.com~]#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a

[root@test.com~]#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la

[root@test.com~]#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so

[root@test.com~]#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

//install mcrypt

[root@test.com~]#tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

[root@test.com~]#cd mcrypt-2.6.8/

[root@test.com~]#./configure

[root@test.com~]#make && make install

[root@test.com~]#cd ../

//install mysql

[root@test.com~]#tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.44.tar.gz

[root@test.com~]#cd mysql-5.1.44/

[root@test.com~]#./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mysql –with-extra-charsets=all –enable-thread-safe-client –enable-assembler –with-charset=utf8 –enable-thread-safe-client –with-extra-charsets=all –with-big-tables –with-readline –with-ssl –with-embedded-server –enable-local-infile

[root@test.com~]#make && make install

[root@test.com~]#cd ../

//使用獨立使用者執行mysql

[root@test.com~]#groupadd mysql

[root@test.com~]#useradd -g mysql mysql

[root@test.com~]#cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

[root@test.com~]#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db –user=mysql

[root@test.com~]#chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/var

[root@test.com~]#chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/.

[root@test.com~]#cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@test.com~]#chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@test.com~]#chkconfig –level 345 mysql on

[root@test.com~]#echo “/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql” >> /etc/ld.so.conf

[root@test.com~]#echo “/usr/local/lib” >>/etc/ld.so.conf

[root@test.com~]#ldconfig

[root@test.com~]#ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql

[root@test.com~]#ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql

[root@test.com~]#/etc/init.d/mysql start

[root@test.com~]#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password $pwd(這裡換成自己的密碼)

[root@test.com~]#/etc/init.d/mysql restart

[root@test.com~]#/etc/init.d/mysql stop

[root@test.com~]#chkconfig mysql-ndb off

[root@test.com~]#chkconfig mysql-ndb-mgm off

//install php

[root@test.com~]#tar zxvf php-5.2.10.tar.gz

[root@test.com~]#gzip -d ./suhosin-patch-5.2.10-0.9.7.patch.gz 

[root@test.com~]#gzip -cd php-5.2.10-fpm-0.5.13.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.10 -p1

[root@test.com~]#cd php-5.2.10/

[root@test.com~]#patch -p 1 -i ../suhosin-patch-5.2.10-0.9.7.patch

[root@test.com~]#./buildconf –force

[root@test.com~]#./configure –prefix=/usr/local/php –with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc –with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql –with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config –with-iconv-dir –with-freetype-dir –with-jpeg-dir –with-png-dir –with-zlib –with-libxml-dir=/usr –enable-xml –disable-rpath –enable-discard-path –enable-magic-quotes –enable-safe-mode –enable-bcmath –enable-shmop –enable-sysvsem –enable-inline-optimization –with-curl –with-curlwrappers –enable-mbregex –enable-fastcgi –enable-fpm –enable-force-cgi-redirect –enable-mbstring –with-mcrypt –enable-ftp –with-gd –enable-gd-native-ttf –with-openssl –with-mhash –enable-pcntl –enable-sockets –with-xmlrpc –enable-zip –enable-soap –without-pear –with-gettext –with-mime-magic –enable-suhosin

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS=-liconv

[root@test.com~]#make install

[root@test.com~]#cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

[root@test.com~]#cd ../

//install memcache

[root@test.com~]#tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz

[root@test.com~]#cd memcache-2.2.5/

[root@test.com~]#/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

[root@test.com~]#./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

[root@test.com~]#make && make install

[root@test.com~]#cd ../

//install PDO_MySQL

[root@test.com~]#tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

[root@test.com~]#cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/

[root@test.com~]#/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

[root@test.com~]#./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config –with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql

[root@test.com~]#make

[root@test.com~]#make install

[root@test.com~]#cd ../

[root@permit~]#groupadd www

[root@permit~]#useradd -g www www

[root@permit~]#mkdir -p /web/wwwroot

[root@permit~]#chmod +w /web/wwwroot

[root@permit~]#mkdir -p /web/wwwroot/logs

[root@permit~]#chmod 777 /web/wwwroot/logs

//install pcre

[root@test.com~]#tar zxvf pcre-7.9.tar.gz

[root@test.com~]#cd pcre-7.9/

[root@test.com~]#./configure

[root@test.com~]#make && make install

[root@test.com~]#cd ../

//install nginx

[root@test.com~]#tar zxvf nginx-0.7.65.tar.gz

[root@test.com~]#cd nginx-0.7.65/

[root@test.com~]#./config

nginx限制ip併發數，也是說限制同一個ip同時連線伺服器的數量

1.新增limit_zone 
這個變數只能在http使用 

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 

limit_zone one $remote_addr 10m;

2.新增limit_conn 
這個變數可以在http, server, location使用 

我只限制一個站點，所以新增到server裡面 

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/host/gaojinbo.com.conf 

limit_conn   one 10;

3.重啟nginx 
killall -HUP nginx

nginx 限速模組

參考：

關於limit_zone：http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxHttpLimitZoneModule 

關於limit_rate和limit_conn：http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxHttpCoreModule 

nginx可以通過HTTPLimitZoneModule和HTTPCoreModule兩個元件來對目錄進行限速。

http { 

  limit_zone   one  $binary_remote_addr  10m;  

  server { 

    location /download/ { 

      limit_conn   one  1; 

      limit_rate 300k; 

    } 

  } 

}

limit_zone，是針對每個IP定義一個儲存session狀態的容器。這個示例中定義了一個10m的容器，按照32bytes/session，可以處理320000個session。

limit_conn one 1;
限制每個IP只能發起一個併發連線。

limit_rate 300k;

對每個連線限速300k. 注意，這裡是對連線限速，而不是對IP限速。如果一個IP允許兩個併發連線，那麼這個IP就是限速limit_rate×2。

#執行使用者   

user nobody nobody;   

#啟動程式   

worker_processes 2;   

#全域性錯誤日誌及PID文件   

error_log logs/error.log notice;   

pid logs/Nginx.pid;   

#工作模式及連線數上限   

events {   

use epoll;   

worker_connections 1024;   

}   

#設定http伺服器，利用他的反向代理功能提供負載均衡支援   

http {   

#設定mime型別   

include conf/mime.types;   

default_type application/octet-stream;   

#設定日誌格式   

log_format main `$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] `   

`”$request” $status $bytes_sent `   

`”$http_referer” “$http_user_agent” `   

`”$gzip_ratio”`;   

log_format download `$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] `   

`”$request” $status $bytes_sent `   

`”$http_referer” “$http_user_agent” `   

`”$http_range” “$sent_http_content_range”`;   

#設定請求緩衝   

client_header_buffer_size 1k;   

large_client_header_buffers 4 4k;   

#開啟gzip模組   

gzip on;   

gzip_min_length 1100;   

gzip_buffers 4 8k;   

gzip_types text/plain;   

output_buffers 1 32k;   

postpone_output 1460;   

#設定access log   

access_log logs/access.log main;   

client_header_timeout 3m;   

client_body_timeout 3m;   

send_timeout 3m;   

sendfile on;   

tcp_nopush on;   

tcp_nodelay on;   

keepalive_timeout 65;   

#設定負載均衡的伺服器列表   

upstream mysvr {   

#weigth參數列示權值，權值越高被分配到的機率越大   

#本機上的Squid開啟3128埠   

server 192.168.8.1:3128 weight=5;   

server 192.168.8.2:80 weight=1;   

server 192.168.8.3:80 weight=6;   

}   

#設定虛擬主機   

server {   

listen 80;   

server_name 192.168.8.1   

www.yejr.com   

;   

charset gb2312;   

#設定本虛擬主機的訪問日誌   

access_log logs/www.yejr.com.access.log main;   

#假如訪問 /img/*, /js/*, /css/* 資源，則直接取本地文件，不通過squid   

#假如這些文件較多，不推薦這種方式，因為通過squid的快取效果更好   

location ~ ^/(img|js|css)/ {   

root /data3/Html;   

expires 24h;   

}   

#對 “/” 啟用負載均衡   

location / {   

proxy_pass http://mysvr;   

proxy_redirect off;   

proxy_set_header Host $host;   

proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;   

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;   

client_max_body_size 10m;   

client_body_buffer_size 128k;   

proxy_connect_timeout 90;   

proxy_send_timeout 90;   

proxy_read_timeout 90;   

proxy_buffer_size 4k;   

proxy_buffers 4 32k;   

proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;   

proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;   

}   

#設定檢視Nginx狀態的地址   

location /NginxStatus {   

stub_status on;   

access_log on;   

auth_basic “NginxStatus”;   

auth_basic_user_file conf/htpasswd;   

}   

}   

}  

備註：conf/htpasswd 文件的內容用 apache 提供的 htpasswd 工具來產生即可，內容大致如下：

3.) 檢視 Nginx 執行狀態 輸入地址http://192.168.8.1/NginxStatus/ 。輸入驗證帳號密碼，即可看到類似如下內容：

Active connections: 328   

server accepts handled requests   

9309 8982 28890   

Reading: 1 Writing: 3 Waiting: 324  

第一行表示現在活躍的連線數，第三行的第三個數字表示Nginx執行到。

1. worker_processes 1;  

2. events {  

3. worker_connections 1024;  

4. }  

5. http{  

6. upstream myproject {  

7. #這裡指定多個源伺服器，ip:埠,80埠的話可寫可不寫  

8. server 192.168.43.158:80;  

9. server 192.168.41.167;  

10. }  

11. server {  

12. listen 8080;  

13. location / {  

14. proxy_pass http://myproject;  

15. }  

16. }  

17. } 

18. 
    

本文轉自 chengxuyonghu 51CTO部落格，原文連結：http://blog.51cto.com/6226001001/1557250，如需轉載請自行聯絡原作者