利用RMAN 建立Oracle9i RAC Data Guard

1. RMAN伺服器的配置:

以下在目錄伺服器上配置.

1.1 建立RMAN使用者表空間(表空間大小設定為500m左右即可) .

create tablespace rman_data

datafile '/u01/data/rman_data1.dbf' size 500M

extent management local uniform size 5M ;

1.2 建立RMAN使用者:

create user rman identified by rman

default tablespace rman_data

temporary tablespace temp ;

1.3 給RMAN使用者授於相關係統許可權:

grant resource, connect, recovery_catalog_owner to rman;

1.4 在目錄伺服器(即Standby Server)上設定tnsnames.ora 用於連target伺服器(Primary DB) .

tnsnames.ora 檔案中加入:

INTEL_RAC1 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.161.8.81)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = intel)

(INSTANCE_NAME = intel1)

)

)

1.5 連接目標伺服器與CATALOG伺服器.

rman target sys/oracle@intel_rac1 catalog rman/rman(user/password必須為目標伺服器上的擁有sysdba許可權的使用者.如:sys)

1.6 在目標伺服器上建立CATALOG 目錄.

CREATE CATALOG

1.7 在CATALOG伺服器上註冊目標伺服器.

REGISTER DATABASE;

到這裡,RMAN備份環境已經準備好了,幷已連接至目標與目錄伺服器.

2. 建立Data Guard

2.1 COPY目標伺服器上(Primary DB Server)的初始化參數檔案及密碼檔案到Data Guard相對應目錄.

2.2 使用RMAN的Image copy複製目標伺服器上的.DBF檔案至Data Guard相應目錄.

2.2.1 使用REPORT SCHEMA可列出將要複製的所有目標數據庫上的數據檔案.

2.2.2 使用下面的SQL生成所有數據檔案的copy指令碼.

SELECT 'datafile '||''''||name||''''||' to '||''''||'/data'||name||''''||',' FROM v$datafile; 或者

SELECT 'datafile '||''''||name||''''||' to '||''''||name||''''||',' FROM v$datafile;

RMAN IMAGE COPY指令碼:

RUN {

ALLOCATE CHANNEL XXXX DEVICE TYPE DISK;

COPY

...........,

…..----- 這裡放入上面SQL生成的指令碼 .

……… ;

RELEASE CHANNEL XXXX;}

指令碼例子 (如果在Data Guard Server上檔案路徑有變化, 即與Primary DB上路徑不一樣, 我們會在生成控制檔案後, 在Data Guard DB上Mount狀態下使用 alter database rename file 更改數據檔案路徑, 指令碼中前面的檔案路徑表示Primary DB上的路徑, 後面的路徑表示Data Guard Server上的檔案路徑 ) . 有時候可能後面的路徑需要修改 。 那麼指令碼需要手工編輯。

RUN {

ALLOCATE CHANNEL XXXX DEVICE TYPE DISK;

COPY

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/system01.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/system01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/undotbs01.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/undotbs01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/cwmlite01.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/cwmlite01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/drsys01.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/drsys01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/indx01.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/indx01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/tools01.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/tools01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/users01.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/users01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/xdb01.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/xdb01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/undotbs02.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/undotbs02.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/base_data01.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/base_data01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/base_data02.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/base_data02.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/base_data03.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/base_data03.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/base_data04.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/base_data04.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/base_data05.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/base_data05.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/base_data06.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/base_data06.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/base_idx01.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/base_idx01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/base_idx02.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/base_idx02.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/base_idx03.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/base_idx03.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data01.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data02.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data02.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data03.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data03.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data04.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data04.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data05.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data05.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data06.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data06.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data07.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data07.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data08.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/log_data08.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/log_index01.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/log_index01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/log_index02.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/log_index02.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/log_index03.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/log_index03.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/log_index04.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/log_index04.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/log_index05.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/log_index05.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/log_index06.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/log_index06.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/track_data01.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/track_data01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/track_data02.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/track_data02.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/track_data03.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/track_data03.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/track_data04.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/track_data04.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/track_index01.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/track_index01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/track_index02.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/track_index02.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/track_index03.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/track_index03.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/track_index04.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/track_index04.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data01.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data02.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data02.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data03.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data03.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data04.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data04.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data05.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data05.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data06.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data06.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data07.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data07.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data08.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data08.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data09.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data09.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data10.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data10.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data11.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data11.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data12.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data12.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data13.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data13.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data14.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data14.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data15.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data15.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data16.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data16.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data17.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data17.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data18.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/sn_data18.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx01.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx02.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx02.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx03.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx03.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx04.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx04.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx05.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx05.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx06.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx06.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx07.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx07.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx08.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx08.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx09.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx09.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx10.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx10.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx11.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx11.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx12.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx12.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx13.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx13.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx14.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx14.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx15.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx15.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx16.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx16.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx17.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx17.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data01.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data02.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data02.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data03.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data03.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data04.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data04.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data05.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data05.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/ict_idx01.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/ict_idx01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/ict_idx02.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/ict_idx02.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/ict_idx03.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/ict_idx03.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/ict_idx04.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/ict_idx04.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/ict_idx05.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/ict_idx05.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/rec_data01.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/rec_data01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/rec_data02.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/rec_data02.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/rec_idx01.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/rec_idx01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/rec_idx02.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/rec_idx02.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/wiplog_data01.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/wiplog_data01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/wiplog_data02.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/wiplog_data02.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/wiplog_data03.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/wiplog_data03.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/wiplog_data04.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/wiplog_data04.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/wiplog_data05.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/wiplog_data05.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/wiplog_data06.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/wiplog_data06.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/wiplog_data07.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/wiplog_data07.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx01.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx01.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx02.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx02.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx03.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx03.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx04.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx04.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx05.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx05.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx06.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx06.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx07.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx07.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/undotbs01_1.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/undotbs01_1.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/undotbs01_2.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/undotbs01_2.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/undotbs02_1.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/undotbs02_1.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data06.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data06.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/undotbs02_2.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/undotbs02_2.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data07.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data07.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx08.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/wiplog_idx08.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data08.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data08.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx18.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/sn_idx18.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_index/intel/track_index05.dbf' to '/ocfs_index/intel/track_index05.dbf',

datafile '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data09.dbf' to '/ocfs_data/intel/ict_data09.dbf' ;

RELEASE CHANNEL XXXX;}

假設指令碼檔案儲存為 rman.txt 檔案 .

說明:

需要先將將要成為dataguard伺服器的檔案存放目錄使用NFS映像至目標伺服器(Primary DB Server ) 相關目錄.

具體步驟如下:

Linux下NFS的配置

2.3. NFS server端(在此處為Data Guard伺服器)及客戶端(Primary DB Server)設定:

2.3.1 在/etc/exports 釋出掛載的目錄.

如: /data *(rw,no_root_squash)

/data為data guard server上分享的目錄,*表示允許任何主機分享,rw,no_root_squash為參數

代表意義如下:

rw: 可讀寫的許可權

ro: 只讀的許可權

no_root_squash: 登入 NFS 主機使用分享目錄的使用者，如果是 root 的話，那麼對於這個分享的目錄來說，他就具有 root 的許可權！

root_squash: 在登入 NFS 主機使用分享之目錄的使用者如果是 root 時，那麼這個使用者的許可權將被壓縮成為匿名使用者.

2.3.2 在Data Gurad DB Server上啟動兩個相關服務

#/etc/rc.d/init.d/portmap start (or:#service portmap start)

#/etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs start (or:#service nfs start)

2.3.3. NFS客戶端的設定(TARGET伺服器, 即Primary database Server )

不用其它設定,直接掛載就可以了

#mount -t nfs dataguard_server_ip:/directory /mountpoint

/mountpoint 為Primary Database Server上的掛載點 .

如:

mount -t nfs 10.161.8.83:/data /backup

在Copy datafile

｀/data/xx/xx.dbf＇ to ｀/backup/data/xx/xx.dbf＇中.

第一個＇/data/xx/xx.dbf＇是目標伺服器的數據檔案地址. ｀/backup/data/xx/xx.dbf＇是掛載到目標伺服器上的dataguard的相應目錄.

2.4在目錄伺服器(Data Guard Server) RMAN環境下執行以上的指令碼

先rman連接目標伺服器與目錄伺服器 .