轉載學習

在Oracle10g中，不僅可以利用跨平臺傳輸表空間的新特性在異構平臺資料庫之間遷移資料，在特定條件下，還可以利用Convert database特性進行整個資料庫跨平臺的遷移。

如果要在10G中進行全庫跨平臺的遷移，那麼只能在低位和低位或者高位和高位平臺之間進行遷移，無法進行高位與低位平臺的遷移。大家可以參考V$TRANSPORTABLE_PLATFORM中的資訊以決定是否能夠遷移。

SQL> select * from V$TRANSPORTABLE_PLATFORM. order by 3;

PLATFORM_ID PLATFORM_NAME ENDIAN_FORMAT

----------- ---------------------------------------- --------------

4 HP-UX IA (64-bit) Big

1 Solaris[tm] OE (32-bit) Big

16 Apple Mac OS Big

3 HP-UX (64-bit) Big

9 IBM zSeries Based Linux Big

6 AIX-Based Systems (64-bit) Big

2 Solaris[tm] OE (64-bit) Big

18 IBM Power Based Linux Big

17 Solaris Operating System (x86) Little

12 Microsoft Windows 64-bit for AMD Little

13 Linux 64-bit for AMD Little

8 Microsoft Windows IA (64-bit) Little

15 HP Open VMS Little

5 HP Tru64 UNIX Little

10 Linux IA (32-bit) Little

7 Microsoft Windows IA (32-bit) Little

11 Linux IA (64-bit) Little、

Convert database具體如下特性：

1、只能傳輸資料表空間的資料檔案。臨時表空間將不會被傳輸，如果臨時表空間是本地管理的話，那麼傳輸資料庫完成後將會自動在目標資料庫建立臨時表空間。

2、假如源主資料庫使用PFILE，那麼PFILE也會被傳輸。如果源資料庫使用的是SPFILE，那麼將會自動產生一個PFILE進行傳輸，並在目標資料庫生成SPFILE。

3、控制檔案和聯機日誌檔案將不會被傳輸。在目標資料庫open resetlogs的過程中，將會自動建立控制檔案和聯機日誌檔案。

4、 BFILE、外部表和directory將不會被傳輸。RMAN檢查的時候將會把這些物件列出，使用者可以手工建立這些物件。

5、密碼檔案將不會被傳輸，使用者必須在目標資料庫手工建立密碼檔案。

傳輸資料庫的第一步是將源資料庫置於READ ONLY模式：

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1610612736 bytes

Fixed Size 1262044 bytes

Variable Size 385879588 bytes

Database Buffers 1207959552 bytes

Redo Buffers 15511552 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> alter database open read only;

Database altered.

第二步利用dbms_tdb包檢查資料庫能否被傳輸以及列出外部表和DIRECTORY等無法傳輸的物件資訊（測試案例採用Linux遷移至Windows平臺）：

SQL> set serveroutput on

SQL> declare

2 db_ready boolean;

3 begin

4 /* db_ready is ignored, but with SERVEROUTPUT set to ON any

5 * conditions preventing transport will be output to console */

6 db_ready := dbms_tdb.check_db('Microsoft Windows IA (32-bit)',

7 dbms_tdb.skip_none);

8 end;

9 /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> declare

2 external boolean;

3 begin

4 /* value of external is ignored, but with SERVEROUTPUT set to ON

5 * dbms_tdb.check_external displays report of external objects

6 * on console */

7 external := dbms_tdb.check_external;

8 end;

9

10 /

The following external tables exist in the database:

SH.SALES_TRANSACTIONS_EXT

The following directories exist in the database:

SYS.DATA_PUMP_DIR, SYS.SUBDIR, SYS.XMLDIR, SYS.MEDIA_DIR, SYS.LOG_FILE_DIR,

SYS.DATA_FILE_DIR, SYS.WORK_DIR, SYS.ADMIN_DIR

The following BFILEs exist in the database:

PM.PRINT_MEDIA

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

環境檢查完畢後就可以利用RMAN的convert database命令在源資料庫進行轉換（convert database也可以在目標資料庫進行，具體可以參考文件）：

SQL> host rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Jun 28 15:23:16 2007

connected to target database: DBTEST (DBID=1018019231)

RMAN> CONVERT DATABASE NEW DATABASE 'newdb'

2> transport script. '/home/oracle/liuyun/transportdb.sql'

3> to platform. 'Microsoft Windows IA (32-bit)'

4> db_file_name_convert '/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/' '/home/oracle/liuyun/';

Starting convert at 28-JUN-07

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=153 devtype=DISK

External table SH.SALES_TRANSACTIONS_EXT found in the database

Directory SYS.DATA_PUMP_DIR found in the database

Directory SYS.SUBDIR found in the database

Directory SYS.XMLDIR found in the database

Directory SYS.MEDIA_DIR found in the database

Directory SYS.LOG_FILE_DIR found in the database

Directory SYS.DATA_FILE_DIR found in the database

Directory SYS.WORK_DIR found in the database

Directory SYS.ADMIN_DIR found in the database

BFILE PM.PRINT_MEDIA found in the database

User SYS with SYSDBA and SYSOPER privilege found in password file