使用RMAN進行Oracle資料庫遷移
參考了: http://blog.itpub.net/29654823/viewspace-1252777/ Oracle 利用RMAN 完成資料遷移
run
{
allocate channel ch1 device type disk format '/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/%U';
allocate channel ch2 device type disk format '/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/%U';
backup as backupset database include current controlfile plus archivelog delete all input;
}
整體流程:對A機的資料庫來一個熱備,並且是一個全備(備份了資料檔案、控制檔案、歸檔日誌檔案:backup as backupset database include current controlfile plus archivelog delete all input;),然後透過scp命令把備份傳到B機,
之後再把伺服器引數檔案的備份和redo線上日誌從A傳給B機,最後再在B庫上 restore 和recover。
根據資料庫的啟動流程:
可以知道最先讀取引數檔案,所以應該先還原引數檔案,
然後會讀控制檔案,所以你要再修復控制檔案,
最後再修復資料檔案。
Oracle database 12C
源端A機:主機名:centhost2,IP:192.168.1.146,資料庫例項orcl
目的端B機:主機名:centhost3,IP:192.168.1.147,且目的端已經存在一個資料庫例項orclrman
具體操作流程:
由以上輸出資訊可得:
資料檔案datafile+控制檔案current control file+歸檔日誌檔案archive log,是在backup set中的,存放在指定的/opt/oracle/bakdatabase目錄下;
歸檔日誌檔案備份完後,會刪除目的資料庫自己的歸檔日誌檔案。
手動備份完後,目的資料庫會自動備份其自己的Control File和SPFILE。
[laolv@centhost3 bakfromcenthost2]$ scp -r laolv@192.168.1.146:/opt/oracle/bakdatabase .
laolv@192.168.1.146's password:
1orn54a4_1_1 100% 770MB 2.4MB/s 05:18
1nrn54a1_1_1 100% 7222KB 7.1MB/s 00:01
1srn54e5_1_1 100% 456MB 12.7MB/s 00:36
1qrn54bi_1_1 100% 672MB 14.6MB/s 00:46
1urn54ev_1_1 100% 17MB 17.2MB/s 00:00
1trn54e5_1_1 100% 205MB 15.8MB/s 00:13
1vrn54f4_1_1 100% 26KB 26.0KB/s 00:00
1rrn54bq_1_1 100% 694MB 21.0MB/s 00:33
1prn54a4_1_1 100% 97MB 32.5MB/s 00:03
2.將正在使用的redo日誌複製到目標端
檢視redo日誌的資訊:
1) SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---
STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME CON_ID
---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ --------- ----------
1 1 259 52428800 512 1 NO
CURRENT 6430035 10-DEC-16 2.8147E+14 0 --GROUP#=1的正在被使用,所以只傳它就行(因為別的已經被歸檔,)
2 1 257 52428800 512 1 YES
INACTIVE 6424841 10-DEC-16 6429930 10-DEC-16 0
3 1 258 52428800 512 1 YES
INACTIVE 6429930 10-DEC-16 6430035 10-DEC-16 0
2) SQL> select * from v$logfile; #檢視日誌的具體位置
GROUP# STATUS TYPE
---------- ------- -------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IS_ CON_ID
--- ----------
3 ONLINE
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log
NO 0
2 ONLINE
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log
NO 0
GROUP# STATUS TYPE
---------- ------- -------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IS_ CON_ID
--- ----------
1 ONLINE
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log
NO 0
3)將正在使用的redo日誌複製到目標端
至於歸檔嘛 我在測試的時候沒有切換日誌+不存在日誌組寫滿的情況=>所以沒有產生歸檔;
又因為我在備份的時候加上了delete all input 所以會把已經備份的歸檔刪掉,所以你不會看到新的歸檔也就不用傳了。
--啟動偽例項orcl
[laolv@centhost3 admin]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl
[laolv@centhost3 admin]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
orcl
[laolv@centhost3 admin]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Sat Dec 10 21:47:30 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)
RMAN> startup nomount; #啟動偽例項
startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/opt/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initorcl.ora'
starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 281018472 bytes
Database Buffers 784334848 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
RMAN>
要先建立audit_file_dest對應的目錄,然後啟動例項orcl
2)根據前面的備份資訊,可知控制問價記憶體放在1urn54ev_1_1備份中:
channel ch1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ch1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
(channel ch2: finished piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/1trn54e5_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251 comment=NONE
channel ch2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26)
including current control file in backup set
channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/1urn54ev_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251 comment=NONE
channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 10-DEC-16
[laolv@centhost3 bakfromcenthost2]$ ll /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1urn54ev_1_1
-rw-rw----. 1 laolv laolv 18055168 Dec 10 20:51 /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1urn54ev_1_1
3)另外還需要建立目錄
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl
/opt/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl,且oracle的安裝使用者具有讀寫許可權
4)恢復控制檔案
4.把資料庫開到mount狀態,修復資料檔案
--指定備份集,catalog start with '備份集目錄'
恢復資料庫
根據源環境,在目標端建立對應的目錄
重新恢復資料檔案
orcl
[laolv@centhost3 admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Sat Dec 10 23:21:39 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down
SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1493172224 bytes
Fixed Size 2924592 bytes
Variable Size 486543312 bytes
Database Buffers 989855744 bytes
Redo Buffers 13848576 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open
SQL> select * from dual;
ADDR INDX INST_ID CON_ID D
---------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -
000000000E07DD5C 0 1 0 X
SQL> desc dba_users;
ERROR:
ORA-04043: object dba_users does not exist
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open
SQL> alter database open NORESETLOGS;
alter database open NORESETLOGS
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01588: must use RESETLOGS option for database open
SQL> alter database open RESETLOGS;
Database altered.
SQL>
SQL> desc dba_users;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
USERNAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(128)
USER_ID NOT NULL NUMBER
PASSWORD VARCHAR2(4000)
ACCOUNT_STATUS NOT NULL VARCHAR2(32)
LOCK_DATE DATE
EXPIRY_DATE DATE
DEFAULT_TABLESPACE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)
TEMPORARY_TABLESPACE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)
CREATED NOT NULL DATE
PROFILE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(128)
INITIAL_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUP VARCHAR2(128)
EXTERNAL_NAME VARCHAR2(4000)
PASSWORD_VERSIONS VARCHAR2(12)
EDITIONS_ENABLED VARCHAR2(1)
AUTHENTICATION_TYPE VARCHAR2(8)
PROXY_ONLY_CONNECT VARCHAR2(1)
COMMON VARCHAR2(3)
LAST_LOGIN TIMESTAMP(9) WITH TIME ZONE
ORACLE_MAINTAINED VARCHAR2(1)
可是資料庫例項orcl就是不能成功向B機本地的監聽器,動態註冊資料庫例項服務
[laolv@centhost3 admin]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 10-DEC-2016 23:14:50
Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=centhost3)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date 06-DEC-2016 22:34:05
Uptime 4 days 0 hr. 40 min. 45 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/centhost3/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=centhost3)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
資料庫例項服務動態註冊:
資料庫例項服務動態註冊的動作是監聽器所在主機上資料庫例項完成。
動態註冊是Oracle上一個不能關閉的功能。例項的background process PMON,每隔一段時間(一到兩分鐘)就會將例項的引數資訊註冊到監聽器上,實現動態註冊。
註冊的資訊是資料庫引數service_names和instance_name。可以透過Show Parameter命令檢視。
一般資料庫在建立的時候,這兩個引數都是已經設定好的,不會輕易的發生變化。
如果instance_name引數沒設定,則系統會取引數db_name作為例項名稱返回。
如果service_names沒設定,則會將db_name和db_domain兩個引數組合成服務名實現註冊。
值得注意的一個問題是,service_names引數是一個可以指定多個服務名稱的引數,以逗號分隔。也就是說,一個Oracle例項時可以同時作為多個服務名向外提供服務的。Service_name是Oracle在新近版本中提出,替代SID_NAME的概念。使用Service的指定方式,多個Oracle例項就可以統一提供一致的資料訪問服務(也就是RAC)。
instance_name和service_names引數資訊都對,還是動態註冊不了資料庫服務!
[laolv@centhost3 bakfromcenthost2]$ tailf /opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/centhost3/listener/trace/listener.log --沒有service_register和service_update動作
原因:資料庫例項的PMON去向監聽動態註冊資料庫服務時,依據的簡體器是local_listener指定的監聽器,而解析listener引數指定的監聽器依據的是tnsnames.ora檔案。
參考了:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4bde435b01015jnf.html Oracle引數—local_listener引數作用
向tnsnames.ora加入LISTENER_ORCL後,重新alter system register
照樣
[laolv@centhost3 admin]$ lsnrctl stat LISTENER
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 11-DEC-2016 15:08:59
Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=centhost3)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date 11-DEC-2016 13:44:10
Uptime 0 days 1 hr. 24 min. 49 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/centhost3/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=centhost3)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
重啟資料庫例項,並在另外的視窗[laolv@centhost3 bakfromcenthost2]$ tailf /opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/centhost3/listener/trace/listener.log
可以看到service_register * orcl 和service_update * orcl了
必須要重啟,在tnsnames.ora中新增了LISTENR_ORCL解析記錄,alter system register都不會在listner.log中看到註冊資訊;
說明=>LISTENR_ORCL解析記錄,只是在資料庫例項啟動的時候才使用到的/生效的
登入orcl,查詢表t1,進行測試:
run
{
allocate channel ch1 device type disk format '/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/%U';
allocate channel ch2 device type disk format '/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/%U';
backup as backupset database include current controlfile plus archivelog delete all input;
}
整體流程:對A機的資料庫來一個熱備,並且是一個全備(備份了資料檔案、控制檔案、歸檔日誌檔案:backup as backupset database include current controlfile plus archivelog delete all input;),然後透過scp命令把備份傳到B機,
之後再把伺服器引數檔案的備份和redo線上日誌從A傳給B機,最後再在B庫上 restore 和recover。
根據資料庫的啟動流程:
可以知道最先讀取引數檔案,所以應該先還原引數檔案,
然後會讀控制檔案,所以你要再修復控制檔案,
最後再修復資料檔案。
環境資訊
CentOS 6.5Oracle database 12C
源端A機:主機名:centhost2,IP:192.168.1.146,資料庫例項orcl
目的端B機:主機名:centhost3,IP:192.168.1.147,且目的端已經存在一個資料庫例項orclrman
具體操作流程:
一:對A庫做一個熱全備。
點選(此處)摺疊或開啟
- [laolv@centhost3 admin]$ rman
- Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Dec 6 23:52:04 2016
- Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- RMAN> connect target sys/forrest@orcl
- connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1429293327)
- RMAN> connect catalog rman/forrest@orclrman
- connected to recovery catalog database
- RMAN> register database;
- database registered in recovery catalog
- starting full resync of recovery catalog
- full resync complete
- RMAN> resync catalog; --如果目標資料庫的表空間和資料檔案等發生變化,則會帶動目標資料庫的控制檔案被改寫,此時,可以執行如下命令進行恢復目錄與目標資料庫控制檔案同步
- starting full resync of recovery catalog
- full resync complete
- RMAN>
- RMAN> run
- 2> {
- 3> allocate channel ch1 device type disk format '/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/%U';
- 4> allocate channel ch2 device type disk format '/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/%U';
- 5> backup as backupset database include current controlfile plus archivelog delete all input; --注意沒有伺服器引數檔案
- 6> }
- released channel: ORA_DISK_1
- allocated channel: ch1
- channel ch1: SID=32 device type=DISK
- allocated channel: ch2
- channel ch2: SID=266 device type=DISK
- Starting backup at 10-DEC-16
- current log archived
- channel ch1: starting archived log backup set
- channel ch1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
- input archived log thread=1 sequence=257 RECID=51 STAMP=930255168
- channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/1nrn54a1_1_1( 這個是備份的archive log ) tag=TAG20161210T201249 comment=NONE
- channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
- channel ch1: deleting archived log(s)
- archived log file name=/opt/oracle/myarchive/1_257_901512594.dbf RECID=51 STAMP=930255168 (備份完archive log後,會刪除目的資料庫的自己的archive log)
- Finished backup at 10-DEC-16
- Starting backup at 10-DEC-16
- channel ch1: starting full datafile backup set
- channel ch1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
- input datafile file number=00003 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
- input datafile file number=00004 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
- channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- channel ch2: starting full datafile backup set
- channel ch2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
- input datafile file number=00011 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/example01.dbf
- input datafile file number=00010 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/SAMPLE_SCHEMA_users01.dbf
- channel ch2: starting piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/1orn54a4_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251 comment=NONE
- channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45
- channel ch1: starting full datafile backup set
- channel ch1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
- input datafile file number=00009 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/sysaux01.dbf
- input datafile file number=00008 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/system01.dbf
- channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- channel ch2: finished piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/1prn54a4_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251 comment=NONE
- channel ch2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:53
- channel ch2: starting full datafile backup set
- channel ch2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
- input datafile file number=00001 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
- input datafile file number=00006 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
- channel ch2: starting piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/1qrn54bi_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251 comment=NONE
- channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:23
- channel ch1: starting full datafile backup set
- channel ch1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
- input datafile file number=00007 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
- channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- channel ch2: finished piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/1rrn54bq_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251 comment=NONE
- channel ch2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:15
- channel ch2: starting full datafile backup set
- channel ch2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
- input datafile file number=00005 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdbseed/system01.dbf
- channel ch2: starting piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/1srn54e5_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251 comment=NONE
- channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26
- channel ch1: starting full datafile backup set
- channel ch1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
- channel ch2: finished piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/1trn54e5_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251 comment=NONE
- channel ch2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26
- including current control file in backup set
- channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/1urn54ev_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251 comment=NONE
- channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
- Finished backup at 10-DEC-16
- Starting backup at 10-DEC-16
- current log archived
- starting full resync of recovery catalog
- full resync complete
- channel ch1: starting archived log backup set
- channel ch1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
- input archived log thread=1 sequence=258 RECID=52 STAMP=930255329
- channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
- piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/1vrn54f4_1_1 (這個是備份的archive log)tag=TAG20161210T201532 comment=NONE
- channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
- channel ch1: deleting archived log(s)
- archived log file name=/opt/oracle/myarchive/1_258_901512594.dbf RECID=52 STAMP=930255329 (備份完archive log後,會刪除目的資料庫的自己的archive log)
- Finished backup at 10-DEC-16
- Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 10-DEC-16
- piece handle=/opt/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2016_12_10/o1_mf_s_930255335_d4qwh7mx_.bkp comment=NONE
- Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 10-DEC-16
- released channel: ch1
- released channel: ch2
- RMAN>
資料檔案datafile+控制檔案current control file+歸檔日誌檔案archive log,是在backup set中的,存放在指定的/opt/oracle/bakdatabase目錄下;
歸檔日誌檔案備份完後,會刪除目的資料庫自己的歸檔日誌檔案。
手動備份完後,目的資料庫會自動備份其自己的Control File和SPFILE。
二:把所做的備份用scp傳給B機。
1.[laolv@centhost3 bakfromcenthost2]$ scp -r laolv@192.168.1.146:/opt/oracle/bakdatabase .
laolv@192.168.1.146's password:
1orn54a4_1_1 100% 770MB 2.4MB/s 05:18
1nrn54a1_1_1 100% 7222KB 7.1MB/s 00:01
1srn54e5_1_1 100% 456MB 12.7MB/s 00:36
1qrn54bi_1_1 100% 672MB 14.6MB/s 00:46
1urn54ev_1_1 100% 17MB 17.2MB/s 00:00
1trn54e5_1_1 100% 205MB 15.8MB/s 00:13
1vrn54f4_1_1 100% 26KB 26.0KB/s 00:00
1rrn54bq_1_1 100% 694MB 21.0MB/s 00:33
1prn54a4_1_1 100% 97MB 32.5MB/s 00:03
2.將正在使用的redo日誌複製到目標端
檢視redo日誌的資訊:
1) SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---
STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME CON_ID
---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ --------- ----------
1 1 259 52428800 512 1 NO
CURRENT 6430035 10-DEC-16 2.8147E+14 0 --GROUP#=1的正在被使用,所以只傳它就行(因為別的已經被歸檔,)
2 1 257 52428800 512 1 YES
INACTIVE 6424841 10-DEC-16 6429930 10-DEC-16 0
3 1 258 52428800 512 1 YES
INACTIVE 6429930 10-DEC-16 6430035 10-DEC-16 0
2) SQL> select * from v$logfile; #檢視日誌的具體位置
GROUP# STATUS TYPE
---------- ------- -------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IS_ CON_ID
--- ----------
3 ONLINE
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log
NO 0
2 ONLINE
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log
NO 0
GROUP# STATUS TYPE
---------- ------- -------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IS_ CON_ID
--- ----------
1 ONLINE
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log
NO 0
3)將正在使用的redo日誌複製到目標端
至於歸檔嘛 我在測試的時候沒有切換日誌+不存在日誌組寫滿的情況=>所以沒有產生歸檔;
又因為我在備份的時候加上了delete all input 所以會把已經備份的歸檔刪掉,所以你不會看到新的歸檔也就不用傳了。
三、將自動備份的引數檔案也複製到B機
四、在B機操作
1.開啟偽例項,注意可不要把B機的資料庫例項給開啟了因為我的測試B機也有資料庫。
--先停掉B機上已經有的資料庫例項--啟動偽例項orcl
[laolv@centhost3 admin]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl
[laolv@centhost3 admin]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
orcl
[laolv@centhost3 admin]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Sat Dec 10 21:47:30 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)
RMAN> startup nomount; #啟動偽例項
startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/opt/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initorcl.ora'
starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 281018472 bytes
Database Buffers 784334848 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
RMAN>
2.恢復服務引數檔案spfile,然後再關閉偽例項orcl
3.然後再起真正的例項,恢復控制檔案
1)參看恢復的引數檔案要先建立audit_file_dest對應的目錄,然後啟動例項orcl
2)根據前面的備份資訊,可知控制問價記憶體放在1urn54ev_1_1備份中:
channel ch1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ch1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
(channel ch2: finished piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/1trn54e5_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251 comment=NONE
channel ch2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26)
including current control file in backup set
channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 10-DEC-16
piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakdatabase/1urn54ev_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251 comment=NONE
channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 10-DEC-16
[laolv@centhost3 bakfromcenthost2]$ ll /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1urn54ev_1_1
-rw-rw----. 1 laolv laolv 18055168 Dec 10 20:51 /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1urn54ev_1_1
3)另外還需要建立目錄
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl
/opt/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl,且oracle的安裝使用者具有讀寫許可權
4)恢復控制檔案
4.把資料庫開到mount狀態,修復資料檔案
--指定備份集,catalog start with '備份集目錄'點選(此處)摺疊或開啟
-
RMAN>
-
RMAN> catalog start with '/opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase'; --重新指定備份集,catalog start with '備份集目錄'
-
-
searching for all files that match the pattern /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase
-
-
List of Files Unknown to the Database
-
=====================================
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1orn54a4_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1prn54a4_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1trn54e5_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1vrn54f4_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1rrn54bq_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1srn54e5_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1qrn54bi_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1urn54ev_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1nrn54a1_1_1
-
-
Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? YES
-
cataloging files...
-
cataloging done
-
-
List of Cataloged Files
-
=======================
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1orn54a4_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1prn54a4_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1trn54e5_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1vrn54f4_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1rrn54bq_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1srn54e5_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1qrn54bi_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1urn54ev_1_1
-
File Name: /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1nrn54a1_1_1
-
- RMAN>
點選(此處)摺疊或開啟
-
Starting restore at 10-DEC-16
-
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=12 device type=DISK
-
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1orn54a4_1_1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1orn54a4_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:04:45
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00010 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/SAMPLE_SCHEMA_users01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00011 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/example01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1prn54a4_1_1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1prn54a4_1_1
-
ORA-19504: failed to create file "/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/example01.dbf"
-
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
-
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
-
Additional information: 1
-
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00008 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/system01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00009 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/sysaux01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1qrn54bi_1_1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1qrn54bi_1_1
-
ORA-19504: failed to create file "/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/sysaux01.dbf"
-
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
-
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
-
Additional information: 1
-
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1rrn54bq_1_1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1rrn54bq_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:05:03
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdbseed/system01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1trn54e5_1_1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1trn54e5_1_1
-
ORA-19504: failed to create file "/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdbseed/system01.dbf"
-
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
-
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
-
Additional information: 1
-
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1srn54e5_1_1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1srn54e5_1_1
-
ORA-19504: failed to create file "/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf"
-
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
-
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
-
Additional information: 1
-
-
failover to previous backup
-
-
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
-
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
-
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
-
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 12/10/2016 22:49:20
-
RMAN-06026: some targets not found - aborting restore
-
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 11 found to restore
-
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 10 found to restore
-
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 9 found to restore
-
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 8 found to restore
-
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 7 found to restore
-
RMAN-06023: no backup or copy of datafile 5 found to restore
-
- RMAN>
重新恢復資料檔案
點選(此處)摺疊或開啟
-
RMAN> restore database;
-
-
Starting restore at 10-DEC-16
-
using channel ORA_DISK_1
-
-
skipping datafile 1; already restored to file /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
-
skipping datafile 6; already restored to file /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
-
skipping datafile 3; already restored to file /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
-
skipping datafile 4; already restored to file /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00010 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/SAMPLE_SCHEMA_users01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00011 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/example01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1prn54a4_1_1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1prn54a4_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00008 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/system01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00009 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/sysaux01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1qrn54bi_1_1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1qrn54bi_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdbseed/system01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1trn54e5_1_1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1trn54e5_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1srn54e5_1_1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/opt/oracle/bakfromcenthost2/bakdatabase/1srn54e5_1_1 tag=TAG20161210T201251
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
-
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
-
Finished restore at 10-DEC-16
-
- RMAN>
5. 放置線上日誌檔案redo.log,然後恢復資料庫
將我前面從源目標資料庫複製的STATUS=CURRENT的線上日誌檔案redo01.log 放到 目的目錄下6. 啟動資料庫例項orcl
[laolv@centhost3 admin]$ echo $ORACLE_SIDorcl
[laolv@centhost3 admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Sat Dec 10 23:21:39 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down
SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1493172224 bytes
Fixed Size 2924592 bytes
Variable Size 486543312 bytes
Database Buffers 989855744 bytes
Redo Buffers 13848576 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open
SQL> select * from dual;
ADDR INDX INST_ID CON_ID D
---------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -
000000000E07DD5C 0 1 0 X
SQL> desc dba_users;
ERROR:
ORA-04043: object dba_users does not exist
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open
SQL> alter database open NORESETLOGS;
alter database open NORESETLOGS
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01588: must use RESETLOGS option for database open
SQL> alter database open RESETLOGS;
Database altered.
SQL>
SQL> desc dba_users;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
USERNAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(128)
USER_ID NOT NULL NUMBER
PASSWORD VARCHAR2(4000)
ACCOUNT_STATUS NOT NULL VARCHAR2(32)
LOCK_DATE DATE
EXPIRY_DATE DATE
DEFAULT_TABLESPACE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)
TEMPORARY_TABLESPACE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)
CREATED NOT NULL DATE
PROFILE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(128)
INITIAL_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUP VARCHAR2(128)
EXTERNAL_NAME VARCHAR2(4000)
PASSWORD_VERSIONS VARCHAR2(12)
EDITIONS_ENABLED VARCHAR2(1)
AUTHENTICATION_TYPE VARCHAR2(8)
PROXY_ONLY_CONNECT VARCHAR2(1)
COMMON VARCHAR2(3)
LAST_LOGIN TIMESTAMP(9) WITH TIME ZONE
ORACLE_MAINTAINED VARCHAR2(1)
五.測試
tnsnames.ora和listener.ora檔案的資訊可是資料庫例項orcl就是不能成功向B機本地的監聽器,動態註冊資料庫例項服務
[laolv@centhost3 admin]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 10-DEC-2016 23:14:50
Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=centhost3)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date 06-DEC-2016 22:34:05
Uptime 4 days 0 hr. 40 min. 45 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/centhost3/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=centhost3)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
資料庫例項服務動態註冊:
資料庫例項服務動態註冊的動作是監聽器所在主機上資料庫例項完成。
動態註冊是Oracle上一個不能關閉的功能。例項的background process PMON,每隔一段時間(一到兩分鐘)就會將例項的引數資訊註冊到監聽器上,實現動態註冊。
註冊的資訊是資料庫引數service_names和instance_name。可以透過Show Parameter命令檢視。
一般資料庫在建立的時候,這兩個引數都是已經設定好的,不會輕易的發生變化。
如果instance_name引數沒設定,則系統會取引數db_name作為例項名稱返回。
如果service_names沒設定,則會將db_name和db_domain兩個引數組合成服務名實現註冊。
值得注意的一個問題是,service_names引數是一個可以指定多個服務名稱的引數,以逗號分隔。也就是說,一個Oracle例項時可以同時作為多個服務名向外提供服務的。Service_name是Oracle在新近版本中提出,替代SID_NAME的概念。使用Service的指定方式,多個Oracle例項就可以統一提供一致的資料訪問服務(也就是RAC)。
instance_name和service_names引數資訊都對,還是動態註冊不了資料庫服務!
[laolv@centhost3 bakfromcenthost2]$ tailf /opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/centhost3/listener/trace/listener.log --沒有service_register和service_update動作
原因:資料庫例項的PMON去向監聽動態註冊資料庫服務時,依據的簡體器是local_listener指定的監聽器,而解析listener引數指定的監聽器依據的是tnsnames.ora檔案。
參考了:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4bde435b01015jnf.html Oracle引數—local_listener引數作用
向tnsnames.ora加入LISTENER_ORCL後,重新alter system register
點選(此處)摺疊或開啟
-
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
-
sqlplus / as sysdba
- SQL>alter system register
[laolv@centhost3 admin]$ lsnrctl stat LISTENER
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 11-DEC-2016 15:08:59
Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=centhost3)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date 11-DEC-2016 13:44:10
Uptime 0 days 1 hr. 24 min. 49 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/centhost3/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=centhost3)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
重啟資料庫例項,並在另外的視窗[laolv@centhost3 bakfromcenthost2]$ tailf /opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/centhost3/listener/trace/listener.log
可以看到service_register * orcl 和service_update * orcl了
必須要重啟,在tnsnames.ora中新增了LISTENR_ORCL解析記錄,alter system register都不會在listner.log中看到註冊資訊;
說明=>LISTENR_ORCL解析記錄,只是在資料庫例項啟動的時候才使用到的/生效的
登入orcl,查詢表t1,進行測試:
來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ,連結:http://blog.itpub.net/25097694/viewspace-2130241/,如需轉載,請註明出處,否則將追究法律責任。
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